The Absolute Salinity of seawater diluted by riverwater

Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

Volumn 101, Issue , 2015, Pages 71-79

  Pawlowicz, Rich ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Density; Electrical conductivity; Salinity; Seawater; TEOS 10

Indexed keywords

DENSITY (SPECIFIC GRAVITY); ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; RIVERS;

BIOGEOCHEMICAL PROCESS; COMPOSITIONAL VARIATION; CORRELATION EQUATION; ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY; MEASUREMENT PRECISION; SALINITY; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; TEOS-10;

SEAWATER;

AQUEOUS SOLUTION; BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE; DATABASE; DISSOLVED MATTER; ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY; NUMERICAL MODEL; PRECISION; RIVER SYSTEM; SALINITY; SEAWATER; SPATIAL VARIATION;

EID: 84927586919     PISSN: 09670637     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2015.03.006     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Brewer P.G., Bradshaw A. The effect of the non-ideal composition of seawater on salinity and density. J. Mar. Res. 1975, 33(2):157-175.
2. Conners D.N., Kester D.R. Effect of the major ion variations in the marine environment on the specific gravity-conductivity-chlorinity-salinity relationship. Mar. Chem. 1974, 2:301-314.
3. Duedall I.W., Dayal R., Willey J.D. The partial molal volume of silicic acid in 0.725m NaCl. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1976, 40:1185-1189.
4. Dürr H.H., Meybeck M., Hartmann J., Laruelle G.G., Roubeix V. Global spatial distribution of natural riverine silica inputs to the coastal zone. Biogeosciences 2011, 8:597-620.
5. Feistel R. A Gibbs Function for seawater thermodynamics for -6 to 80°C and salinity up to 120gkg-1. Deep Sea Res. I 2008, 55:1619-1671.
6. Feistel R., Marion G.M., Pawlowicz R., Wright D.G. Thermophysical property anomalies of Baltic seawater. Ocean Sci. 2010, 6:949-981.
7. Feistel R., Weinreben S., Wolf H., Seitz S., Spitzer P., Adel B., Nausch G., Schneider B., Wright D.G. Density and Absolute Salinity of the Baltic Sea 2006-2009. Ocean Sci. 2010, 6:3-24.
8. Hill K.D., Dauphinee T.M., Woods D.J. The extension of the Practical Salinity Scale 1978 to low salinities. IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. 1986, OE-11(1):109-112.
9. IOC, SCOR, IAPSO, 2010. The International Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater-2010: Calculation and Use of Thermodynamic Properties. Manual and Guides No. 56. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, UNESCO (English), available from 〈〉. http://www.TEOS-10.org.
10. King, B.A., Firing, E., Joyce, T.M., 2001. Shipboard observations during WOCE. In: Ocean Circulation and Climate. International Geophysics Series, vol 77. Academic Press, San Diego, p. 715.
11. Lewis E.L., Perkin R.G. Salinity. its definition and calculation. J. Geophys. Res. 1978, 83(C1):466-478.
12. McDougall, T.J., Barker, P.M., 2011. Getting started with TEOS-10 and the Gibbs Seawater (GSW) Oceanographic Toolbox version 3.0. SCOR/IAPSO WG 127, available at 〈〉. http://www.teos-10.org.
13. McDougall T.J., Jackett D.R., Millero F.J., Pawlowicz R., Barker P.M. A global algorithm for estimating Absolute Salinity. Ocean Sci. 2012, 8:1123-1134.
14. Meybeck M. Global Occurrence of Major Elements in Rivers, in Surface and Ground Water, Weathering, and Soils (ed. J.I. Drever). Treatise on Geochemistry 2003, Vol. 5:207-224. Elsevier-Pergamon, Oxford.
15. Meybeck M., Ragu A. Presenting the GEMS-GLORI, a compendium of world river discharge to the oceans. Int. Assoc. Hydrol. Sci. Publ. 1997, 243:3-14.
16. Millero F.J. The conductivity-density-salinity-chlorinity relationships for estuarine waters. Limnol. Oceanog. 1984, 29(6):1317-1321.
17. Millero F.J., Feistel R., Wright D.G., McDougall T.J. The composition of Standard Seawater and the definition of the Reference-Composition Salinity Scale. Deep Sea Res. 2008, 1(55):50-72.
18. Millero F.J., Hunag F., Woosley R.J., Letscher R.T., Hansell D.A. Effect of dissolved organic carbon and alkalinity on the density of Arctic Ocean waters. Aquat. Geochem. 2011, 13:311-326.
19. Millero F.J., Waters J., Woosley R., Huang F., Chanson M. The effect of composition on the density of Indian Ocean waters. Deep Sea Res. I 2008, 55:460-470.
20. Milliman J.D., Farnsworth K.L. River Discharge to the Coastal Ocean: A Global Synthesis 2011, Cambridge University Press, New York.
21. Pawlowicz R. Calculating the conductivity of natural waters. Limnol. Oceanogr. Methods 2008, 6:489-501.
22. Pawlowicz R. A model for predicting changes in the electrical conductivity, practical salinity, and absolute salinity of seawater due to variations in relative chemical composition. Ocean Sci. 2010, 6:361-378.
23. Pawlowicz R. The electrical conductivity of seawater at high temperatures and salinities. Desalination 2012, 300:32-39.
24. Pawlowicz R., Baldwin S.A., Muttray A., Schmidtova J., Laval B., Lamont G. Physical, chemical and microbial regimes in an anoxic fjord (Nitinat Lake). Limnol. Oceanogr. 2007, 52(3):1002-1017.
25. Pawlowicz R., Feistel R. Limnological applications of the Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater 2010 (TEOS-10). Limnol. Oceanogr. Methods 2012, 10:853-867.
26. Pawlowicz R., Wright D.G., Millero F.J. The effects of biogeochemical processes on oceanic conductivity/salinity/density relationships and the characterization of real seawater. Ocean Sci. 2011, 7:363-387.
27. Poisson A. Conductivity/salinity/temperature relationship of diluted and concentrated Standard Seawater. IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. 1980, 5(1):41-50.
28. UNESCO, 1981a. Background Papers and Supporting Data on the International Equation of State of Seawater 1980. Unesco Technical Papers in Marine Science 38, Paris.
29. UNESCO, 1981b. Background Papers and Supporting Data on the Practical Salinity Scale 1978. Unesco Technical Papers in Marine Science 37, Paris.
30. Wetzel R.G. Limnology 2001, Academic Press, San Diego. 3rd edition.
31. Wright D.G., Pawlowicz R., McDougall T.J., Feistel R. Absolute salinity, density salinity and the Reference-Composition Salinity Scale, present and future use in the seawater standard TEOS-10. Ocean Sci. 2011, 7:1-26.