Predictors of suicides occurring within suicide clusters in Australia, 2004-2008

Social Science and Medicine

Volumn 118, Issue C, 2014, Pages 135-142

  Derek Cheung, Yee Tak ^a   Spittal, Matthew J ^b   Williamson, Michelle Kate ^b   Tung, Sui Jay ^a   Pirkis, Jane ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

Author keywords

Australia; Indigenous suicides; NCIS; Scan statistics; Suicide; Suicide clusters

Indexed keywords

FACTOR ANALYSIS; INDIGENOUS POPULATION; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RESOURCE ALLOCATION; RISK ASSESSMENT; SUICIDE;

ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; ARTICLE; AUSTRALIA; AUSTRALIAN; EMPLOYMENT STATUS; FEMALE; GENDER; HUMAN; INDIGENOUS PEOPLE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MARRIAGE; PREDICTION; PREVALENCE; RESIDENTIAL AREA; RURAL AREA; SUICIDE; ADOLESCENT; AGE; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; OCEANIC ANCESTRY GROUP; RISK FACTOR; SEX DIFFERENCE; SOCIOECONOMICS; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA;

AUSTRALIA; NORTHERN TERRITORY; QUEENSLAND; WESTERN AUSTRALIA;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE FACTORS; AUSTRALIA; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OCEANIC ANCESTRY GROUP; RISK FACTORS; SEX FACTORS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; SUICIDE;

EID: 84927136996     PISSN: 02779536     EISSN: 18735347     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.08.005     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Alston M. Rural male suicide in Australia. Soc. Sci. Med. 2012, 74:515-522.
2. Austin A.E., van den Heuvel C., Byard R.W. Causes of community suicides among indigenous South Australians. J.Forensic Leg. Med. 2011, 18:299-301.
3. Austin A.E., van den Heuvel C., Byard R.W. Cluster hanging suicides in the young in South Australia. J.Forensic Sci. 2011, 56:1528-1530.
4. Australian Bureau of Statistics Suicides 2007, Australian Bureau of Statistics, Canberra.
5. Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing Developing a Community Plan for Preventing and Responding to Suicide Clusters 2012, Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, Canberra.
6. Baller R.D., Richardson K.K. Social integration, imitation, and the geographic patterning of suicide. Am. Sociol. Rev. 2002, 67:873-888.
7. Bandura A. Social Learning Theory 1977, Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
8. Booth H. The evolution of epidemic suicide on Guam: context and contagion. Suicide Life-threat. Behav. 2010, 40:1-13.
9. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Recommendations for a community plan for the prevention and containment of suicide clusters. CDC Morbid. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 1988, 37(S-6):1-12.
10. Chang S., Gunnell D., Wheeler B., Yip P., Sterne J. The evolution of the epidemic of charcoal-burning suicide in Taiwan: a spatial and temporal analysis. PLoS Med. 2010, 7:1.
11. Chen J., Roth R.E., Naito1 A.T., Lengerich E.J., MacEachren A.M. Geovisual analytics to enhance spatial scan statistic interpretation: an analysis of U.S. cervical cancer mortality. Int. J. Health Geogr. 2008, 7:57-76.
12. Cheung Y.T.D., Spittal M.J., Williamson M.K., Tung S.J., Pirkis J. Application of scan statistics to detect suicide clusters in Australia. PLoS One 2013, 8:e54168.
13. Chotai J. Suicide aggregation in relation to socio-demographic variables and the suicide method in a general population: assortative susceptibility. Nord. J. Psychiatry 2005, 59:325-330.
14. Daniel R., Patrick E.J., Kathleen H.J. Are news reports of suicide contagious? A stringent test in six U.S. cities. J.Commun. 2006, 56:253-270.
15. De Leo D., Heller T. Social modeling in the transmission of suicidality. Crisis - J. Crisis Interv. Suicide Prev. 2008, 29:11-19.
16. De Leo D., Sveticic J., Milner A. Suicide in indigenous people in Queensland, Australia: trends and methods, 1994-2007. Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry 2011, 45:532-538.
17. Department of Primary Industries and Energy & Department of Human Services and Health Rural, Remote and Metropolitan Areas Classfication 1994, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra. 1991 Census edition.
18. Durkheim, E., ([1897]1951). Suicide. Routledge, London, England.
19. Else I.R.N., Andrade N.N., Nahulu L.B. Suicide and suicidal-related behaviors among indigenous Pacific Islanders in the United States. Death Stud. 2007, 31:479-501.
20. Exeter D.J., Boyle P.J. Does young adult suicide cluster geographically in Scotland?. J.Epidemiol. Commun. Health 2007, 61:731-736.
21. Gordon J., Stokes M. Repeated Measures Analysis with Discrete Data Using the SAS System 1996, SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC.
22. Gould M.S., Petrie K., Kleinman M.H., Wallenstein S. Clustering of attempted suicide: New Zealand national data. Int. J. Epidemiol. 1994, 23:1185-1189.
23. Gould M.S., Wallenstein S., Kleinman M. Time-space clustering of teenage suicide. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1990, 131:71-78.
24. Gould M.S., Wallenstein S., Kleinman M.H., O'Carroll P., Mercy J. Suicide clusters: an examination of age-specific effects. Am. J. Public Health 1990, 80:211-212.
25. Gregorio D., Samociuk H., DeChello L., Swede H. Effects of study area size on geographic characterizations of health events: prostate cancer incidence in Southern New England, USA, 1994-1998. Int. J. Health Geogr. 2006, 5:8.
26. Hanssens L. "Echo clusters" - are they a unique phenomenon of indigenous attempted and completed suicide?. Aborig. Isl. Health Work. J. 2010, 34:17-26.
27. Hanssens L. "Suicide (Echo) clusters" - are they socially determined, the result of a pre-existing vulnerability in indigenous communities in the northern territory and how can we contain cluster suicides?. Aborig. Isl. Health Work. J. 2011, 35:14-19.
28. Hanssens L., Hanssens P. Research into the clustering effect of suicide within indigenous communities, Northern Territory Australia. Aborig. Isl. Health Work. J. 2007, 31:6-11.
29. Horton N.J., Lipstiz S.R. Review of software to fit generalized estimating equation regression models. Am. Stat. 1999, 53:160-169.
30. Hourani L.L., Warrack A.G., Coben P.A. Suicide in U.S. marine corps. Mil. Med. 1999, 164:551-555.
31. Insel B.J., Gould M.S. Impact of modeling on adolescent suicidal behavior. Psychiatr. Clin. N. Am. 2008, 31:293-316.
32. Johansson L., Lindqvist P., Eriksson A. Teenage suicide cluster formation and contagion: implications for primary care. BMC Fam. Pract. 2006, 7.
33. Joiner, Thomas The clustering and contagion of suicide. Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci. 1999, 8:89-92.
34. Jonas K. Modelling and suicide: a test of the Werther effect. Br. J. Soc. Psychol. 1992, 31:295-306.
35. Judd F., Cooper A.-M., Fraser C., Davis J. Rural suicide - people or place effects?. Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry 2006, 40:208-216.
36. Kulldorff M. Aspatial scan statistic. Commun. Statistics - Theory Methods 1997, 26:1481-1496.
37. Kulldorff M. SaTScan User Guide v7.0 2006, 4-69. Information Management Services Inc.
38. Kulldorff M., Nagarwalla N. Spatial disease clusters: detection and inference. Stat. Med. 1995, 14:799-810.
39. Large M.M., Nielssen O.B. Suicide in Australia: meta-analysis of rates and methods of suicide between 1988 and 2007. Med. J. Aust. 2010, 19:432-437.
40. MacNeil M.S. An epidemiologic study of aboriginal adolescent risk in Canada: the meaning of suicide. J.Child Adolesc. Psychiatric Nurs. 2008, 21:3-12.
41. McKenzie N., Landau S., Kapur N., Meehan J., Robinson J., Bickley H., et al. Clustering of suicides among people with mental illness. Br. J. Psychiatry 2005, 187:476-480.
42. Measey M.-A.L., Li S.Q., Parker R., Wang Z. Suicide in the northern territory, 1981-2002. Med. J. Aust. 2006, 185:315-319.
43. Naito A. Internet suicide in Japan: implications for child and adolescent mental health. Clin. Child. Psychol. Psychiatry 2007, 12:583-597.
44. National Coroners Information System Data Dictionary for the National Coroners Information System 2007, National Coroners Infromation System, Southbank.
45. National Coroners Information System National Coroners Information System: Coding Manual and User Guide (Version 4) 2010, Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Southbank.
46. Nicholls N., Butler C., Hanigan I. Inter-annual rainfall variations and suicide in New South Wales, Australia, 1964-2001. Int. J. Biometeorol. 2006, 50:139-143.
47. Pirkis J., Blood R.W. Suicide and the Media. Crisis - J. Crisis Interv. Suicide Prev. 2001, 22:155-162.
48. Poijula S., Wahlberg K.-E., Dyregrov A. Adolescent suicide and suicide contagion in three secondary schools. Int. J. Emerg. Ment. Health 2001, 3:163-168.
49. Qi X., Hu W., Page A., Tong S. Spatial clusters of suicide in Australia. BMC Psychiatry 2012, 12:86.
50. Qi X., Tong S., Hu W. Preliminary spatiotemporal analysis of the association between socio-environmental factors and suicide. Environ. Health - Global Access Sci. Source 2009, 8:46-57.
51. Qi X., Tong S., Hu W. Spatial distribution of suicide in Queensland, Australia. BMC Psychiatry 2010, 10:106.
52. Robinson J., McGorry P., Harris M.G., Pirkis J., Burgess P., Hickie I., et al. Australia's national suicide prevention strategy: the next chapter. Aust. Health Rev. 2006, 30:271-276.
53. Shoval G., Zalsman G., Polakevitch J., Shtein N., Sommerfeld E., Berger E., et al. Effect of the broadcast of a television documentary about a teenager's suicide in Israel on suicidal behavior and methods. Crisis - J. Crisis Interv. Suicide Prev. 2005, 26:20-24.
54. Silviken A., Haldorsen T., Kvernmo S. Suicide among indigenous Sami in Arctic Norway, 1970-1998. Eur. J. Epidemiol. 2006, 21:707-713.
55. Smith K.B., Humphreys J.S., Wilson M.G.A. Addressing the health disadvantage of rural populations: how does epidemiologycial evidence inform rural health policies and research?. Aust. J. Rural Health 2008, 16:56-66.
56. Speldewinde P.C., Cook A., Davies P., Weinstein P. Arelationship between environmental degradation and mental health in rural Western Australia. Health Place 2009, 15:880-887.
57. Taiminen T.J. Projective identification and suicide contagion. Acta Psychiatry Scand. 1992, 85:449-452.
58. Taiminen T.J., Helenius H. Suicide clustering in a psychiatric hospital with a history of a suicide epidemic: a quantitative study. Am. J. Psychiatry 1994, 151:1087-1088.
59. Taiminen T.J., Kallio-Soukainen K., Nokso-Koivisto H., Kaljonen A., Helenius H. Contagion of deliberate self-harm among adolescent inpatients. J.Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 1998, 37:211-217.
60. Waller L.A., Gotway C.A. Applied Spatial Statistics for Public Health Data 2004, John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey.
61. Wissow L.S., Walkup J., Barlow A., Reid R., Kane S. Cluster and regional influences on suicide in a Southwestern American Indian Tribe. Soc. Sci. Med. 2001, 53:1115-1124.