Imaging mantle discontinuities using multiply-reflected P-to-S conversions

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Volumn 402, Issue C, 2014, Pages 99-106

  Gao, Stephen S ^a   Liu, Kelly H ^a  

^a MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

Mantle transition zone; Receiver function; Yellowstone hotspot

Indexed keywords

ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL EFFECTS; THERMAL PLUMES; TRAVEL TIME;

410-KM DISCONTINUITY; EARTH'S MANTLE; MANTLE DISCONTINUITIES; MANTLE DYNAMICS; MANTLE TRANSITION ZONE; RECEIVER FUNCTIONS; TEMPERATURE ANOMALY; YELLOWSTONE HOTSPOT;

VELOCITY;

EID: 84926277559     PISSN: 0012821X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.08.025     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Ai Y., Zhao D., Gao X., Xu W. The crust and upper mantle discontinuity structure beneath Alaska inferred from receiver functions. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 2005, 150:339-350. 10.1016/j.pepi.2004.12.002
2. Ammon C.J. The isolation of receiver effects from teleseismic P-wave-forms. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 1991, 81:2504-2510.
3. Andrews J., Deuss A. Detailed nature of the 660 km region of the mantle from global receiver function data. J. Geophys. Res. 2008, 113:B06304. 10.1029/2007JB005111
4. Bina C.R., Helffrich G. Phase transition Clapeyron slopes and transition zone seismic discontinuity topography. J. Geophys. Res. 1994, 99:15,853-15,860.
5. Cao A., Levander A. High-resolution transition zone structures of the Gorda Slab beneath the western United States: Implication for deep water subduction. J. Geophys. Res. 2010, 115:B07301. 10.1029/2009JB006876
6. Clarke T.J., Silver P.G. A procedure for the systematic interpretation of body wave seismograms I. Application to Moho depth and crustal properties. Geophys. J. Int. 1991, 104:41-72.
7. Cornwell D.G., Hetenyi G., Blanchard T.D. Mantle transition zone variations beneath the Ethiopian Rift and Afar: Chemical heterogeneity within a hot mantle?. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2011, 38(16). 10.1029/2011GL047575.
8. Das-Sharma S., Ramesh D.S., Li X., Yuan X., Sreenivas B., Kind R. Response of mantle transition zone thickness to plume buoyancy flux. Geophys. J. Int. 2010, 180:49-58. 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04403.x
9. Dueker K.G., Sheehan A.F. Mantle discontinuity structure from midpoint stacks of converted P to S waves across the Yellowstone hotspot track. J. Geophys. Res. 1997, 102:8313-8327.
10. Efron B., Tibshirani R. Bootstrap methods for standard errors, confidence intervals, and other measures of statistical accuracy. Stat. Sci. 1986, 1:54-75.
11. Fee D., Dueker K. Mantle transition zone topography and structure beneath the Yellowstone hotspot. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2004, 31:L18603. 10.1029/2004GL020636
12. Flanagan M.P., Shearer P.M. Global mapping of topography on transition zone velocity discontinuities by stacking SS precursors. J. Geophys. Res. 1998, 103:2673-2692.
13. Fouch M.J. The Yellowstone hotspot: Plume or not?. Geology 2012, 40:479-480. 10.1130/focus052012.1
14. Foulger G.R., Pritchard M.J., Julian B.R., Evans J.R., Allen R.M., Nolet G., Morgan W.J., Bergsson B.H., Erlendsson P., Jakobsdottir S., Ragnarsson S., Stefansson R., Vogfjord K. Seismic tomography shows that upwelling beneath Iceland is confined to the upper mantle. Geophys. J. Int. 2001, 146:504-530.
15. Gao S.S., Silver P.G., Liu K.H. Mantle discontinuities beneath Southern Africa. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2002, 29(10):1291-1294. the Kaapvaal Seismic Group. 10.1029/2001GL013834.
16. Gao, S.S., Liu, K.H., in preparation. Spatial variation of mantle transition zone discontinuities beneath the western and central United States using multiply-reflected P-to-S conversions.
17. Gu Y., Dziewonski A.M., Agee C.B. Global de-correlation of the topography of transition zone discontinuities. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1998, 157:57-67.
18. Gurrola H., Minster J.B., Owens T. The use of velocity spectrum for stacking receiver functions and imaging upper mantle discontinuities. Geophys. J. Int. 1994, 117(2):427-440.
19. Jasbinsek J.J., Dueker K.G., Hansen S.M. Characterizing the 410 km discontinuity low-velocity layer beneath the LA RISTRA array in the North American Southwest. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 2010, 11:Q03008. 10.1029/2009GC002836
20. Karato S. Importance of anelasticity in the interpretation of seismic tomography. Geophys. Res. Lett. 1993, 20:1623-1626. 10.1029/93GL01767
21. Kennett B.L.N., Engdahl E.R. Traveltimes for global earthquake location and phase identification. Geophys. J. Int. 1991, 105:429-465.
22. Lawrence J.F., Shearer P.M. A global study of transition zone thickness using receiver functions. J. Geophys. Res. 2006, 111:B06307. 10.1029/2005JB003973
23. Leeman W.P., Schutt D.L., Hughes S.S. Thermal structure beneath the Snake River Plain: Implications for the Yellowstone hotspot. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 2009, 188:57-67. 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2009.01.034
24. Li A., Fischer K.M., Wysession M.E., Clarke T.J. Mantle discontinuities and temperature under the North American continental keel. Nature 1998, 395:160-163.
25. Liu K.H. Effects of inelasticity on the apparent depth and detectability of seismic discontinuities in the mantle. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2003, 30(9):1455. 10.1029/2002GL015264.
26. Liu K.H., Gao S.S. Mantle transition zone discontinuities beneath the Baikal rift and adjacent areas. J. Geophys. Res. 2006, 111:B11301. 10.1029/2005JB004099
27. Liu K.H., Gao S.S. Spatial variations of crustal characteristics beneath the Hoggar swell, Algeria revealed by systematic analyses of receiver functions from a single seismic station. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 2010, 11:Q08011. 10.1029/2010GC003091
28. Liu K.H., Gao S.S., Silver P.G., Zhang Y. Mantle layering across central South America. J. Geophys. Res. 2003, 108(B11):2510. 10.1029/2002JB002208.
29. Obrebski M., Allen R.M., Pollitz F., Hung S.-H. Lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction beneath the western United States from the joint inversion of body-wave traveltimes and surface-wave phase velocities. Geophys. J. Int. 2011, 185:1003-1021. 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.04990.x
30. Ohtani E., Litasov K.D. The effect of water on mantle phase transitions. Rev. Mineral. Geochem. 2006, 62:397-420. 10.2138/rmg.2006.62.17
31. Ozacar A.A., Gilbert H., Zandt G. Upper mantle discontinuity structure beneath East Anatolian Plateau (Turkey) from receiver functions. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2008, 269:427-435. 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.02.036
32. Ringwood A.E. Composition and Petrology of the Earth's Mantle 1975, McGraw-Hill, New York.
33. Schaeffer A.J., Bostock M.G. A low-velocity zone atop the transition zone in northwestern Canada. J. Geophys. Res. 2010, 115:B06302. 10.1029/2009JB006856
34. Schmandt B., Humphreys E. Seismic heterogeneity and small-scale convection in the southern California upper mantle. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 2010, 11:Q05004. 10.1029/2010GC003042
35. Schmandt B., Dueker K., Humphreys E. Hot mantle upwelling across the 660 beneath Yellowstone. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2012, 331-332:224-236. 10.1016/epsl.2012.03.025.
36. Shearer P.M. Constraints on upper mantle discontinuities from observations of long-period reflected and converted phases. J. Geophys. Res. 1991, 96(B11):18,147-18,182.
37. Shearer P.M. Upper mantle seismic discontinuities. Earth's Deep Interior 2000, S. Karato (Ed.).
38. Shen Y., Solomon S.C., Bjarnason I.T., Wolfe C.J. Seismic evidence for a lower-mantle origin of the Iceland plume. Nature 1998, 395:62-65.
39. Sheriff R.E., Geldart L.P. Exploration Seismology 1993, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York. second ed.