Healing, reconciliation, and forgiving after genocide and other collective violence

The Psychology of Good and Evil: Why Children, Adults, and Groups Help and Harm Others

Volumn , Issue , 2003, Pages 432-450

  Staub, Ervin ^a   Pearlman, Laurie Anne ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84926249611     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511615795.037     Document Type: Chapter

References (55)

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4. G. W. Allport, The nature of prejudice (Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1954);
5. T. F. Pettigrew, “Generalized Intergroup Contact Effects on Prejudice,” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 23, no. 2 (1997): 173-85;
6. E. Staub, “The Origins and Prevention of Genocide, Mass Killing, and Other Collective Violence,” in Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology 5 (1999);
7. E. Staub, A brighter future; Raising caring and nonviolent children (in preparation).
8. R. H. Al-Mabuk, R. D. Enright, & P. A. Cardis, “Forgiveness Education with Parentally Love-Deprived Late Adolescents,” Journal of Moral Education 24 (1995): 427-44;
9. S. R. Freedman & R. D. Enright, “Forgiveness as an Intervention Goal with Incest Survivors,” Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 64 (1996): 983-92;
10. M. J. Subkoviak, R. D. Enright, C. Wu, E. A. Gassin, S. Freedman, L. M. Olson, & I. Sarinopoulos, “Measuring Interpersonal Forgiveness in Late Adolescence and Middle Adulthood,” Journal of Adolescence 18 (1995): 641-55;
11. M. E. McCullough & E. L. Worthington, “Promoting Forgiveness: A Comparison of Two Brief Psychoeducational Group Interventions with a ‘Waiting List’ Control,” Counseling and Values 40 (1995): 55-69;
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14. J. M. Templeton, Worldwide laws of life: 200 eternal spiritual principles (Philadelphia: Templeton Foundation Press, 1997).
15. E. Staub & L. A. Pearlman, “Healing, Forgiveness, and Reconciliation in Rwanda,” grant proposal to the John Templeton Foundation, 1998;
16. H. Tajfel, “Social Categorization, Social Identity, and Social Comparison,” in Differentiation between social groups, ed. H. Tajfel (London: Academic Press, 1978), 61-76;
17. J. C. Turner, Rediscovering the social groups: A self-categorization theory (New York: Basil Blackwell, 1987);
18. D. Bar-Tal & E. Staub, “Introduction: The Nature of Patriotism,” in Patriotism in the lives of individuals and groups, ed. D. Bar-Tal & E. Staub (Chicago: Nelson-Hall Publishers, 1997).
19. Staub & Pearlman, “Healing, Forgiveness, and Reconciliation in Rwanda”;
20. E. Staub, The roots of evil: The origins of genocide and other group violence (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989);
21. E. Staub, L. A. Pearlman, and A. Hagengimana, “Manual for Facilitators of Healing Through Understanding and Connection Project,” Project on Healing, Forgiveness and Reconciliation in Rwanda, supported by the John Templeton Foundation, manuscript in English and Kinyarwanda, Trauma Research, Education, and Training Institute, Inc., South Windsor, Conn., 1999.
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25. Staub, Roots of evil; Staub, “Origins and Prevention of Genocide, Mass Killing, and Other Collective Violence.” 12.
26. Smith, “Psychocultural Roots of Genocide,” 743-53.
27. Gourevitch, 1998; and Staub, “Origins and Prevention of Genocide, Mass Killing, and Other Collective Violence.” 16.
28. C. Bonnet, “Le Viol des Femmes Survivantes du Genocide du Rwanda,” in Rwanda: Un genocide du XX, siecle, ed. R.Verdier, E. Decaux, & J. Chretien (Paris: Editions L’Harmattan, 1995); E. Foa & B. Rothbaum, Treating the trauma of rape: Cognitive behavioral-therapy of PTSD (New York: Guilford, 1997);
29. J. Herman, Trauma and recovery (New York: Basic Books, 1992);
30. L. A. Pearlman, “Healing and Forgiving in Trauma Victims,” paper in the symposium, Healing, Forgiving, and Reconciliation in Individuals and Groups, International Society of Political Psychology, Montreal, Quebec, 1998;
31. E. Staub, “Breaking the Cycle of Genocidal Violence: Healing and Reconciliation,” in Perspectives on loss: A source book, ed. J. Harvey (Washington, D.C.: Taylor & Francis, 1998).
32. E. Staub, “Genocide and Mass Killing: Origins, Prevention, Healing, and Reconciliation,” Political Psychology, 21, no. 2 (2000): 367-82;
33. Staub & Pearlman, “Healing, Forgiveness, and Reconciliation in Rwanda”; Staub, Pearlman, & Hagengimana, “Manual for Facilitators of Healing Through Understanding and Connection Project.” 19. Pennebaker, 1990.
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39. Staub, Pearlman, & Hagengimana, “Manual for Facilitators of Healing Through Understanding and Connection Project.” 26.
40. Staub, “Origins and Prevention of Genocide, Mass Killing, and Other Collective Violence.” 27.
41. Freedman & Enright, “Forgiveness as an Intervention Goal with Incest Survivors,” 983-92;
42. R. J. Bies & T. M. Tripp, “Beyond Distrust: Getting Even and the Need for Revenge,” in Trust in organizations: Frontiers of theory and research, ed. R. M. Kramer & T. R. Tyler (Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage, 1996), 246-60;
43. M. N. O’Malley & J. Greenberg, “Sex Differences in Restoring Justice: The Down Payment Effect,” Journal of Research in Personality 17 (1983): 174-85;
44. M. H. Gonzales, D. J. Manning, & J. A. Haugen, “Explaining Our Sins: Factors Influencing Offender Accounts and Anticipated Victim Responses,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 62 (1992): 958-71.
45. J. Drumtra, Life after death: Suspicion and reintegration in post-genocide Rwanda (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Commission for Refugees, Immigration and Refugee Services of America, 1998).
46. Pettigrew, “Generalized Intergroup Contact Effects on Prejudice,” 173-85;
47. L. A. Gerber, “Experiences of Forgiveness in Physicians Whose Medical Treatment Was Not Successful,” Psychological Reports 61 (1987): 236;
48. “Transformation in Self-Understanding in Surgeons Whose Treatment Efforts Were Not Successful,” American Journal of Psychotherapy 44, no. 1 (1990): 75-84.
49. Peace and Conflict, Special Issue: “The Graca Machel/UN Study on the Effects of War on Children,” Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology 4, no. 4 (1998).
50. N. Eisenberg, The caring child (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1992);
51. E. Staub, “Altruism and Aggression in Children and Youth: Origins and Cures,” in The psychology of adversity, ed. R. Feldman (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1996);
52. Staub, “Genocide and Mass Killing,” 367-82.
53. Pearlman & Saakvitne, Trauma and the therapist; Valent 1998;
54. Staub, “Altrusim and Aggression in Children and Youth.” 36.
55. Staub, “Genocide and Mass Killing,” 367-82.