Prevalence of and risk factors for hypertension in urban and rural India: The ICMR-INDIAB study

Journal of Human Hypertension

Volumn 29, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 204-209

  Bhansali, A ^a   Dhandania, V K ^b   Deepa, M ^c   Anjana, R M ^c   Joshi, S R ^d   Joshi, P P ^e   Madhu, S V ^f   Rao, P V ^g   Subashini, R ^c   Sudha, V ^c   Unnikrishnan, R ^c   Das, A K ^h   Shukla, D K ⁱ   Kaur, T ⁱ   Mohan, V ^c   Pradeepa, R ^c  

^a POSTGRADUATE INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH   (India)

^b Diabetes Care Center   (India)

^c MADRAS DIABETES RESEARCH FOUNDATION   (India)

^d LILAVATI HOSPITAL AND RESEARCH CENTRE   (India)

^e GOVERNMENT MEDICAL COLLEGE   (India)

^f UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (India)

^g NIZAM'S INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (India)

^h JAWAHARLAL INSTITUTE OF POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH   (India)

ⁱ INDIAN COUNCIL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT;

ADULT; AGE; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; DIABETES MELLITUS; DRUG USE; FEMALE; GENDER; HEALTH CARE SURVEY; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INDIA; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OBESITY; PHASE 1 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PHYSICAL INACTIVITY; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTOR; RURAL AREA; RURAL POPULATION; SALT INTAKE; SELF REPORT; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; URBAN AREA; URBAN POPULATION; AGED; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA;

ADULT; AGED; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; INDIA; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; RURAL POPULATION; URBAN POPULATION;

EID: 84926185692     PISSN: 09509240     EISSN: 14765527     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2014.57     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. World Health Organization. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2010: description of the global burden of NCDs, their risk factors and determinants 2011, pp 16.
2. Joshi SR, Saboo B, Vadivale M, Dani SI, Mithal A, Kaul U et al. Prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes and hypertension in India-results from the Screening India's Twin Epidemic (SITE) Study. Diabetes Technol Ther 2012; 14: 8-15.
3. Unwin N, Whiting D, Guariguata L, Ghyoot G, Gan D (eds). Diabetes Atlas, 5th edn. International Diabetes Federation: Brussels, 2011, pp 11-74.
4. Joshi SR, Parikh RM. India-Diabetes Capital of the World: now heading towards hypertension. J Assoc Physicians India 2007; 55: 323-324.
5. World Health Organization. World Statistics. Available at http://apps.who. int/iris/bitstream/10665/44844/1/9789241564441-eng.pdf 2012, Accessed on 3 September 2013.
6. Mohan V, Deepa M, Farooq S, Datta M, Deepa R. Prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension in Chennai-The Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES-52). J Assoc Physicians India 2007; 55: 326-332.
7. World Health Organization. A global brief on hypertension. Available at http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/79059/1/WHO-DCO-WHD-2013.2-eng.pdf, Accessed on 3 September 2013.
8. Anjana RM, Pradeepa R, Deepa M, Datta M, Sudha V, Unnikrishnan R et al. The Indian Council of Medical Research-India Diabetes (ICMR-INDIAB) Study: methodological details. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2011; 5: 906-914.
9. International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and Macro International 2007, National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3), 2005-06: India: volume II, IIPS, Mumbai.
10. O'Brien E, Atkins N, Stergiou G, Karpettas N, Parati G, Asmar R et al. European Society of Hypertension International Protocol revision 2010 for the validation of blood pressure measuring devices in adultsBlood Press Monit 2010; 15: 23-38.
11. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo Jr JL et al. The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC-7). JAMA 2003; 289: 2560-2572.
12. The Asia Pacific perspective. Redefining obesity and its treatment. Regional Office for the Western Pacific of the World Health Organization. World Health Organization, International Association for the Study of Obesity and International Obesity Task Force. Health Communications Australia Pty Limited: St Leonards, Australia, 2000, pp 22-29.
13. World Health Organization. International Diabetes Federation. Definition and Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus and Intermediate Hyperglycemia: Report of a WHO/IDF Consultation. WHO: Geneva, 2006.
14. Sharma R. Kuppuswamy's Socioeconomic Status Scale-Revision for 2011 and formula for real-time updating. Indian J Pediatr 2012; 79: 961-962.
15. Bull FC, Maslin TS, Armstrong T. Global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ): nine country reliability and validity study. J Phys Act Health 2009; 6: 790-804.
16. Population projections for India and States 2001-2026. Report of the Technical Group on Population Projections Constituted by the National Commission on Population. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner: New Delhi, India, 2006, pp 140-247.
17. Kearney PM, Whelton M, Reynolds K, Muntner P, Whelton PK, He J. Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data. Lancet 2005; 365: 217-223.
18. Reddy KS. Hypertension control in developing countries. Genetic issues. J Hum Hypertens 1996; 10: S33-S38.
19. Gupta R. Trends in hypertension epidemiology in India. J Hum Hypertens 2004; 18: 73-78.
20. Chopra RN, Chopra GS. A study of normal blood pressure in Indians. Indian Med Gazette 1942; 77: 21-22.
21. Sharma BK, Arora OP, Bansal BL, Sagar S, Khurana SK. Hypertension among the industrial workers and professional classes in Ludhiana, Punjab. Indian Heart J 1985; 37: 380-385.
22. Gupta R, Sharma AK. Prevalence of hypertension and subtypes in an Indian rural population: clinical and electrocardiographic correlates. J Hum Hypertens 1994; 8: 823-829.
23. Singh RB, Beegom R, Ghosh S, Niaz MA, Rastogi V, Rastogi SS et al. Epidemiological study of hypertension and its determinants in an urban population of North India. J Hum Hypertens 1997; 11: 679-685.
24. Shanthirani CS, Pradeepa R, Deepa R, Premalatha G, Saroja R, Mohan V. Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in a selected South Indian Population-the Chennai Urban Population study. J Assoc Physician India 2003; 51: 20-27.
25. Thankappan KR, Sivasankaran S, Sarma PS, Mini G, Khader SA, Padmanabhan P et al. Prevalence-correlates-awareness-treatment and control of hypertension in Kumarakom, Kerala: baseline results of a community-based intervention program. Indian Heart J 2006; 58: 28-33.
26. Gupta R, Pandey RM, Misra A, Agrawal A, Misra P, Dey S et al. High prevalence and low awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Asian Indian women. J Hum Hypertens 2011; 26: 585-593.
27. Singh RB, Fedacko J, Pella D, Acejova Z, Ghosh S, de Amit K et al. Prevalence and risk factors for prehypertension and hypertension in five Indian cities. Acta Cardiologica 2011; 66: 29-37.
28. Devi P, Rao M, Sigamani A, Faruqui A, Jose M, Gupta R et al. Prevalence, risk factors and awareness of hypertension in India: a systematic review. J Hum Hypertens 2013; 27: 281-287.
29. Radhika G, Sathya RM, Sudha V, Ganesan A, Mohan V. Dietary salt intake and hypertension in an urban south Indian population-[CURES-53]. J Assoc Physicians India 2007; 55: 405-411.
30. He J, Klag MJ, Whelton PK, Chen JY, Mo JP, Qian MC et al. Migration, blood pressure pattern, and hypertension: the Yi Migrant Study. Am J Epidemiol 1991; 134: 1085-1101.
31. Poulter NR, Khaw KT, Hopwood BE, Mugambi M, Peart WS, Rose G et al. The Kenyan Luo migration study: observations on the initiation of a rise in blood pressure. BMJ 1990; 300: 967-972.
32. Chow CK, Teo KK, Rangarajan S, Islam S, Gupta R, Avezum A et al. PURE (Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology) Study investigators. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in rural and urban communities in high-, middle-, and low-income countries. JAMA 2013; 310: 959-968.
33. Kinra S, Bowen LJ, Lyngdoh T, Prabhakaran D, Reddy KS, Ramakrishnan L et al. Socio demographic patterning of non-communicable disease risk factors in rural India: a cross sectional study. BMJ 2010; 341: c4974.
34. Gupta R. Recent trends in hypertension epidemiology in India. Available from http://sajprevcardiology.com/vol7/vol7-2/recenttrends.htm, Accessed on 3 September 2013.
35. Mohan V, Seedat YK, Pradeepa R. The rising burden of diabetes and hypertension in southeast Asian and African regions: need for effective strategies for prevention and control in primary health care settings. Int J Hypertens 2013; 2013: 409083.
36. Danaei G, Finucane MM, Lin JK, Singh GM, Paciorek CJ, Cowan MJ et al. National, regional, and global trends in systolic blood pressure since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 786 country-years and 5-4 million participants. Lancet 2011; 377: 568-577.
37. Midha T, Idris M, Saran R, Srivastava A, Singh S. Isolated systolic hypertension and its determinants-a cross-sectional study in the adult population of Lucknow District in North India. Indian J Community Med 2010; 35: 89-93.
38. Ibrahim MM, Damasceno A. Hypertension in developing countries. Lancet 2012; 380: 611-619.
39. Kokiwar PR, Gupta SS, Durge PM. Prevalence of hypertension in a rural community of central India. J Assoc Physicians India 2012; 60: 26-29.
40. Census of India. Rural urban distribution of population (provisional population totals). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, New Delhi, India 2011.