Legal foundations of tribunals in nineteenth-century England

Legal Foundations of Tribunals in Nineteenth-Century England

Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 1-344

  Stebbings, Chantal ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EXETER   (United Kingdom)

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EID: 84926150794     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511585821     Document Type: Book

References (306)

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168. ‘Report of the Tithe Commissioners for England and Wales’, HCPP (1839) (108) xvi 335 at p. 337.
169. ‘Minutes of Evidence before the Select Committee on Inland Revenue and Customs Establishments’, HCPP (1862) (370) xii 131 q. 121.
170. A. H. Manchester, A Modern Legal History of England and Wales 1750–1950 (London: Butterworths, 1980), pp. 79–83.
171. A. V. Dicey, Lectures on the Relation between Law and Public Opinion in England during the Nineteenth Century, 2nd edition (London: Macmillan and Co., 1914), p. xliii.
172. H. W. Arthurs, ‘Rethinking Administrative Law: A Slightly Dicey Business’ (1979) 17 Osgoode Hall Law Journal 1 at 34–6.
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181. S. G. and E. O. A. Checkland (eds.), The Poor Law Report of 1834 (Pelican Books, 1974), p. 417.
182. ‘Minutes of Evidence before the Select Committee on Private Bill Legislation’, HCPP (1863) (385) viii 205 q. 549
183. Eric J. Evans, Tithes and the Tithe Commutation Act 1836, Standing Conference for Local History, 3rd revised edition (London: Bedford Square Press, 1997);
184. Eric J. Evans, The Contentious Tithe (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1976).
185. Roger J. P. Kain and Hugh C. Prince, The Tithe Surveys of England and Wales (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985);
186. W. R. Cornish and G. de N. Clark, Law and Society in England 1750–1950 (London: Sweet and Maxwell, 1989), pp. 141–4.
187. E. C. K. Gonner, Common Land and Inclosure, 2nd edition (London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd, 1966).
188. A. L. Smith J in Churchwardens and Overseers of West Ham v. Fourth City Mutual Building Society [1892] 1 QB 654.
189. Henry Parris, Government and the Railways in Nineteenth Century Britain (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1965), pp. 38–41.
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191. ‘A Bill for regulating the Proceedings of the Commissioners of Railways, and for amending the Law relating to Railways (No. 2)’, HCPP (1847) (442) iii 451, cl. 51.
192. ‘Minutes of Evidence taken before the Departmental Committee appointed by the Board of Trade to consider the law relating to Railway Agreements and Amalgamations’, HCPP (1911) (5927) xxix Pt 2, 51 at q. 13, 762.
193. ‘First Report of Commissioners inquiring into the Practice and Proceedings of the Superior Courts of the Common Law’, HCPP (1829) (46) ix 1 at p. 7.
194. A. V. Dicey, Lectures on the Relation between Law and Public Opinion in England during the Nineteenth Century, 2nd edition (London: Macmillan and Co., 1914), pp. 205–6.
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196. Baron Bowen, ‘Progress in the Administration of Justice during the Victorian Period’, in Select Essays in Anglo-American Legal History, 3 vols. (Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1907), vol. I, pp. 516–57.
197. E. C. K. Gonner, Common Land and Inclosure, 2nd edition (London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd, 1966), p. 93.
198. ‘A Bill (as amended in Committee) for the Better Regulation of the Traffic on Railways and Canals’, HCPP (1854) (82) vi 13, cl. 3.
199. ‘Report of the Royal Commission on Bankruptcy’, HCPP (1854) (1770) xxiii 1 at p. 41.
200. ‘Minutes of Evidence before the Select Committee on Inland Revenue and Customs Establishments’, HCPP (1863) (424) vi 303 at q. 2511.
201. Minutes, Income and Property Tax, 1852 qq. 1068–71.
202. ‘Report of the Royal Commission on the Income Tax’, HCPP (1920) (615) xviii 97 at p. 185.
203. ‘Minutes of Evidence before the Select Committee on Railway and Canal Bills’, HCPP (1852–3) (246) xxxviii 175 at qq. 1951–7.
204. Lord Hewart, The New Despotism (London: Ernest Benn Ltd, 1929), p. 49.
205. ‘Report of the Royal Commission on Bankruptcy’, HCPP (1854) (1770) xxiii 1 at p. 20.
206. C. Stebbings, ‘The Budget of 1798: Legislative Provision for Secrecy in Income Taxation’ (1998) British Tax Review 651.
207. ‘Minutes of Evidence before the Departmental Committee on Income Tax’, HCPP (1905) (2576) xliv 245 q. 1940.
208. C. Stebbings, ‘Access to Justice before the Special Commissioners of Income Tax in the Nineteenth Century’ (2005) British Tax Review 114.
209. ‘Abstracts of Reports from Guardians of Unions as to Proceedings of Assessment Committees under the Union Assessment Committee Act 1862 s. 12’, HCPP (1863) (540) lii 867 at p. 895.
210. ‘Report from, and Minutes of Evidence before, the Select Committee on Private Bill Legislation’, HCPP (1863) (385) viii 205.
211. Anon., ‘The New Tribunals for Railway and Other Private Bills’ (1846–7) 5 Law Review and Quarterly Journal of British and Foreign Jurisprudence 53 at 56.
212. Minutes, Railways, 1881 q. 10, 240.
213. ‘Minutes of Evidence before the Committee on Administrative Tribunals and Enquiries’ (London: HMSO, 1956) Cmnd 218, p. 194
214. Bowen LJ in R. v. Justices of County of London and London County Council [1893] 2 QB 476 at 492.
215. ‘First Report of the Judicature Commissioners’, HCPP (1868–9) (4130) xxv 1 at p. 23.
216. H. J. Stephen, New Commentaries on the Laws of England, 1844 edition printed for Henry Butterworth, London, 4 vols. (New York: Garland Publishing Inc., 1979), vol. III, pp. 622–3.
217. A. H. Manchester, A Modern Legal History of England and Wales 1750–1950 (London: Butterworths, 1980), pp. 79–83.
218. ‘First Report of the Judicature Commissioners’, HCPP (1868–9) (4130) xxv 1 at p. 20.
219. ‘Report of the Royal Commission on Bankruptcy’, HCPP (1854) (1770) xxiii 1 at p. 38.
220. ‘Report of the Tithe Commissioners for England and Wales’, HCPP (1840) (215) xxviii 139.
221. ‘Minutes of Evidence to Second Report of the Judicature Commissioners’, HCPP (1872) (631) xx 245.
222. Lord Hewart, The New Despotism (London: Ernest Benn Ltd, 1929), pp. 155–6;
223. ‘Minutes of Evidence before the Committee on Administrative Tribunals and Enquiries’ (London: HMSO, 1956) Cmnd 218, qq. 2137–8.
224. The Law Society, A Compendium of the Practice of the Common Law (London: R. Hastings, 1847), pp. 383–4;
225. M. J. Pritchard, ‘Nonsuit: A Premature Obituary’ (1960) Cambridge Law Journal 88 at 92–6.
226. ‘Minutes of Evidence to the Second Report of the Judicature Commissioners’, HCPP (1872) (631) xx 245.
227. W. R. Ward, The Administration of the Window and Assessed Taxes 1696–1798 (Canterbury: Phillimores, 1963).
228. ‘Report of the Royal Commission on the Income Tax’, HCPP (1920) (615) xviii 97 at p. 233.
229. Minutes, Income and Property Tax, 1852 q. 1548.
230. C. Stebbings, ‘The Appeal by Way of Case Stated from the Determinations of General Commissioners of Income Tax: An Historical Perspective’ (1996) British Tax Review 611.
231. ‘Seventeenth Report of Her Majesty’s Inland Revenue on the Inland Revenue for the Year Ended 31 March 1874’, HCPP (1874) (1098) xv 673.
232. Sir William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, 1783 edition printed for W. Strahan and T. Cadell, London and D. Prince, Oxford, 4 vols. (New York: Garland Publishing Inc., 1978), vol. III at p. 452.
233. Thomas Woolley, Minutes, Commons’ Inclosure, 1844 qq. 4051–60.
234. Geoffrey Alderman, The Railway Interest (Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1973), pp. 35–40.
235. ‘Report from the Select Committee on Railways (Rates and Fares)’, HCPP (1882) (317) xiii 1 at p. 16.
236. Sir Edward Coke, The First Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England, 1628 edition, 2 vols. (New York: Garland Publishing Inc., 1979), vol. II, p. 288b;
237. Matthew Bacon, A New Abridgement of the Law, 7th edition, 8 vols. (London: printed by A. Strahan for J. Clarke et al., 1832), vol. III;
238. Joseph Dixon (ed.), Lush’s Practice of the Superior Courts of Law, 3rd edition, 2 vols. (London: Butterworths, 1865), vol. II, pp. 657–86.
239. Sir John Comyns, A Digest of the Laws of England, 4th edition, 6 vols. (Dublin: Luke, White, 1793), vol. VI;
240. Edith G. Henderson, Foundations of English Administrative Law (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1963), Chapter 3.
241. Sir F. Pollock and F. W. Maitland, The History of English Law, 2nd edition, 2 vols. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1898 reissued 1968), vol. II, pp. 666–8;
242. Louis L. Jaffe and Edith G. Henderson, ‘Judicial Review and the Rule of Law: Historical Origins’ (1956) 72 Law Quarterly Review 345;
243. S. A. de Smith, ‘The Prerogative Writs’ (1951) 11 Cambridge Law Journal 40;
244. J. H. Baker, An Introduction to English Legal History, 4th edition (London: Butterworths LexisNexis, 2002), pp. 135–54.
245. R. M. Jackson, The Machinery of Justice in England, 7th edition (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977), pp. 167–8.
246. Holt CJ, Groenvelt v. Burwell (1697) 1 Ld Raym 454.
247. C. Stebbings, ‘The Origins of the Application of Certiorari to the General Commissioners of Income Tax’ (1997) British Tax Review 119.
248. Lopes LJ in Royal Aquarium and Summer and Winter Garden Society Ltd v. Parkinson [1892] 1 QB 431 at 452.
249. Farwell LJ in R. v. Board of Education [1910] 2 KB 165 at 179.
250. H. W. R. Wade, Administrative Law, 2nd edition (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1967), pp. 85–9.
251. Coke CJ in Dr Bonham’s Case (1610) 8 Co Rep 113b at 118a
252. Holt CJ in City of London v. Wood (1702) 12 Mod 669 at 687.
253. Bankes LJ in R. v. Electricity Commissioners [1924] 1 KB 171 at 192.
254. Avory J in R. v. Kensington Income Tax Commissioners [1913] 3 KB 870 at 895.
255. ‘Sixth Annual Report of the Railway Commissioners’, HCPP (1880) (2504) xix 287 at p. 289.
256. Bowen LJ in Re Nathan (1884) 12 QBD 461 at 478–9.
257. S. A. de Smith, Judicial Review of Administrative Action (London: Stevens & Sons, 1959), pp. 226–30.
258. H. W. Arthurs, ‘Without the Law’: Administrative Justice and Legal Pluralism in Nineteenth-Century England (Toronto and Buffalo: University of Toronto Press, 1985), pp. 147–9.
259. E. C. K. Gonner, Common Land and Inclosure, 2nd edition (London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd, 1966), p. 94.
260. Railway and Canal Traffic Act 1873 in The Practical Statutes (London: Horace Cox, 1865–1900), 1873.
261. H. W. Arthurs, ‘Without the Law’: Administrative Justice and Legal Pluralism in Nineteenth-Century England (Toronto and Buffalo: University of Toronto Press, 1985), p. 63.
262. R. M. Jackson, The Machinery of Justice in England, 7th edition (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977), pp. 170, 176.
263. Thomas Erskine May in ‘Minutes of Evidence before the Select Committee on Private Bill Legislation’, HCPP (1863) (385) viii 205 at q. 3004.
264. Anon., ‘Railway Tribunals’ (1846) 3 Law Review and Quarterly Journal of British and Foreign Jurisprudence 415;
265. Anon., ‘The New Railway Board’ (1846–7) 5 Law Review and Quarterly Journal of British and Foreign Jurisprudence 354.
266. W. E. Tate, The English Village Community and the Enclosure Movements (London: Gollancz, 1967), pp. 113–15.
267. Hugh Mooney, ‘Walter Coulson (1795–1860)’, in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004), vol. XIII.
268. Report, Copyholds Enfranchisement, 1837–8 at p. 192.
269. David Roberts, Victorian Origins of the British Welfare State, reprint of Yale University Press edition 1960 (Hamden, CT: Archon Books, 1969), pp. 12–22.
270. ‘Third Report of the Commissioners of Real Property’, HCPP (1831–2) (484) xxiii 321 at p. 406.
271. R. E. Wraith and P. G. Hutchesson, Administrative Tribunals (London: George Allen and Unwin, 1973), p. 27.
272. M. W. Thomas, ‘The Origins of Administrative Centralisation’ (1950) 3 Current Legal Problems 214 at 222.
273. Emmeline W. Cohen, The Growth of the British Civil Service 1780–1939 (London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd, 1965);
274. Derek Fraser, The Evolution of the British Welfare State (London: Macmillan, 1973), p. 108.
275. C. Stebbings, The Private Trustee in Victorian England, Studies in English Legal History (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002).
276. Sir Edward Coke, The First Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England, 1628 edition, 2 vols. (New York: Garland Publishing Inc., 1979), vol. II, p. 260a;
277. Sir William Holdsworth, A History of English Law, 17 vols. (London: Methuen & Co. Ltd, 1924), vol. V, pp. 157–61.
278. Sir William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, 1783 edition printed for W. Strahan and T. Cadell, London and D. Prince, Oxford, 4 vols. (New York: Garland Publishing Inc., 1978), vol. III, p. 24.
279. Sir John Comyns, A Digest of the Laws of England, 4th edition, 6 vols. (Dublin: Lake, White, 1793), vol. VI;
280. Edith G. Henderson, Foundations of English Administrative Law (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1963), Chapter 3.
281. N. A. D. Willshire, ‘Valuation for Rates: The Existing and the Proposed New Local Tribunals’, in R. S. W. Pollard (ed.), Administrative Tribunals at Work: A Symposium (London: Stevens & Sons, 1950), pp. 79–101;
282. W. A. Robson, Justice and Administrative Law, 2nd edition (London: Stevens & Sons, 1947), pp. 1–13.
283. Henry Parris, Government and the Railways in Nineteenth Century Britain (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1965), p. 210.
284. ‘Second Report of the Judicature Commissioners’, HCPP (1872) (631) xx 217 at p. 228.
285. Carol Harlow and Richard Rawlings, Law and Administration, 2nd edition (London: Butterworths, 1997), pp. 391–422, 456–94.
286. Brian Abel-Smith and Robert Stevens, Lawyers and the Courts (London: Heinemann, 1967), p. 98.
287. ‘Abstracts of Reports from Guardians of Unions as to Proceedings of Assessment Committees under the Union Assessment Committee Act 1862 s. 12’, HCPP (1863) (540) lii 867 at p. 881.
288. ‘Report of the Tithe Commissioners for England and Wales for 1852’, HCPP (1852) (1447) xviii 597.
289. ‘Minutes of Evidence taken before the Select Committee of the House of Lords (on Railways)’, HCPP (1846) (489) xiii 217 at q. 45
290. Sir William Holdsworth, ‘The New Rules of Pleading of the Hilary Term, 1834’ (1923) 1 Cambridge Law Journal 261.
291. Baron Bowen, ‘Progress in the Administration of Justice during the Victorian Period’, in Select Essays in Anglo-American Legal History, 3 vols. (Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1907), vol. I, pp. 516–57.
292. ‘Sixth Report of the Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Inland Revenue on the Inland Revenue 1862’, HCPP (1862) (3047) xxvii 327 at pp. 346–7.
293. ‘Minutes of Evidence before the Select Committee on Income Tax’, HCPP (1906) (365) ix 659 at q. 2709.
294. ‘Report of the Royal Commission on the Income Tax’, HCPP (1920) (615) xviii 97 at p. 181.
295. J. Avery Jones, ‘The Special Commissioners after 1842: From Administrative to Judicial Tribunal’ (2005) British Tax Review 80;
296. C. Stebbings, ‘The General Commissioners of Income Tax: Assessors or Adjudicators?’ (1993) British Tax Review 52.
297. Sir Robert Micklethwait, The National Insurance Commissioners, Hamlyn Lectures, 33rd series (London: Stevens & Sons, 1976).
298. Lord Hewart, The New Despotism (London: Ernest Benn Ltd, 1929).
299. Robert Jackson, The Chief (London: Harrap & Co. Ltd, 1959), pp. 213–15.
300. Inns of Court Conservative and Unionist Society, Rule of Law (London: Conservative Political Centre, 1955), pp. 21–3.
301. ‘Report of the Committee on Administrative Tribunals and Enquiries’, Cmnd 218 (1957).
302. ‘Report of the Committee on Ministers’ Powers’, HCPP (1931–2) (4060) xii 341 at p. 418.
303. Minute of Appointment of the Franks Committee, ‘Report of the Committee on Administrative Tribunals and Enquiries’, Cmnd 218 (1957), iii.
304. ‘Minutes of Evidence before the Committee on Administrative Tribunals and Enquiries’, Cmnd 218 (1957), p. 191.
305. ‘Report of the Committee on Administrative Tribunals and Enquiries’, Cmnd 218 (1957).
306. Sir C. T. Carr, Concerning English Administrative Law (London: Oxford University Press, 1941), p. 8.