Determining child maltreatment incidence in Saudi Arabia using the ICAST-CH: A pilot study

Child Abuse and Neglect

Volumn 42, Issue , 2015, Pages 174-182

  Al Eissa, Majid A ^a,b   AlBuhairan, Fadia S ^a,b   Qayad, Mohammed ^a   Saleheen, Hassan ^a   Runyan, Desmond ^c,d   Almuneef, Maha ^a,b  

^a KING ABDULLAH INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER   (Saudi Arabia)

^b KING SAUD BIN ABDULAZIZ UNIVERSITY FOR HEALTH SCIENCES   (Saudi Arabia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

Author keywords

Adolescents; Child abuse and neglect; Ethics; Incidence; Saudi Arabia

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; ARTICLE; CHILD ABUSE; CHILD NEGLECT; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DISTRESS SYNDROME; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; INCIDENCE; ISPCAN CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT SCREENING TOOL CHILD HOME VERSION; MALE; MEDICAL ETHICS; MEDICAL SOCIETY; NORMAL HUMAN; PILOT STUDY; POPULATION RESEARCH; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; QUESTIONNAIRE; SAUDI ARABIA; SCREENING TEST; SEX DIFFERENCE; SEXUAL ABUSE; VIOLENCE; CHILD; EPIDEMIOLOGY; RISK FACTOR; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA;

ADOLESCENT; CHILD; CHILD ABUSE; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MALE; PILOT PROJECTS; RISK FACTORS; SAUDI ARABIA;

EID: 84926129249     PISSN: 01452134     EISSN: 18737757     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.08.016     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Abolfotouh M.A., El-Bourgy M.D., Seif El Din A.G., Mehanna A.A. Corporal punishment: Mother's disciplinary behavior and child's psychological profile in Alexandria, Egypt. Journal of Forensic Nursing 2009, 5:5-17. 10.1111/j.1939-3938.2009.01025.x.
2. Al-Ateeqi W., Shabani I., Abdulmalik A. Child abuse in Kuwait: Problems in management. Medical Principles and Practice 2002, 11:131-135.
3. AlBuhairan F.S., Inam S., Al-Eissa M.A., Noor I.K., Almuneef M.A. Self- reported awareness and knowledge of child maltreatment among school professionals in Saudi Arabia: Impact of CRC ratification. Child Abuse & Neglect 2011, 35:1032-1036. 10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.10.002.
4. AlBuhairan F.S., Areemit R., Harrison A., Kaufman M. Adolescent psychosocial development and evaluation: Global perspectives. Complementary pediatrics 2012, 179-202. 10.5772/33907. T. Özdemir (Ed.).
5. Al-Eissa M.A., Fluke J.D., Gerbaka B., Goldbeck L., Gray J., Hunter N., Tonmyr L. A commentary on national child maltreatment surveillance systems: Examples of progress. Child Abuse & Neglect 2009, 33:809-814. 10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.08.004.
6. Al-Eissa Y. The battered child syndrome: Does it exist in Saudi Arabia?. Saudi Medical Journal 1991, 12:129-133.
7. Al-Eissa Y. Child abuse and neglect in Saudi Arabia: What are we doing and where do we stand?. Annals of Saudi Medicine 1998, 18:105-108.
8. Al-Fayez G.A., Ohaeri J.U., Gado E.M. Prevalence of physical, psychological, and sexual abuse among a nationwide sample of Arab high school students: Association with family characteristics, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and quality of life. Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology 2012, 47:53-66.
9. Al-Kharj Education Department. Retrieved from http://www.kharjedu.gov.sa/.
10. Al-Mahroos F.T. Child abuse and neglect in the Arab Peninsula. Saudi Medical Journal 2007, 28:241-248.
11. Al-Mahroos F.T., Al-Amer E. Reported child sexual abuse in Bahrain: 2000-2009. Annals of Saudi Medicine 2011, 31:376-382. 10.4103/0256-4947.83218.
12. Al-Mugeiren M., Ganelin R.S. A suspected case of Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy in a Saudi child. Annals of Saudi Medicine 1990, 10:662-665.
13. Almuneef M.A., Al-Eissa M.A. Preventing child abuse and neglect in Saudi Arabia: Are we ready?. Annals of Saudi Medicine 2011, 6:635-640. 10.4103/0256-4947.87102.
14. Almuneef M.A., Qayad M., Noor I.K., Al-Eissa M.A., AlBuhairan F.S., Inam S., Mikton C. Multidimensional model to assess the readiness of Saudi Arabia to implement evidence based child maltreatment prevention programs at a large scale. Child Abuse & Neglect 2014, 38:527-532. 10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.08.001.
15. Atwool N. Children who have been exposed to risk and trauma. Children's voices: Research, policy and practice 2000, 56-71. Pearson Education New Zealand Ltd., Auckland. A.B. Smith, N.J. Taylor, M.M. Gollop (Eds.).
16. Back S.E., Jackson J.L., Fitzgerald M., Shaffer A., Salstrom S., Osman M.M. Child sexual and physical abuse among college students in Singapore and the United States. Child Abuse & Neglect 2003, 27:1259-1275.
17. Carroll-Lind J., Chapman J.W., Gregory J., Maxwell G. The key to the gatekeepers: Passive consent and other ethical issues surrounding the rights of children to speak on issues that concern them. Child Abuse & Neglect 2006, 30:979-989.
18. Central Department for Statistics and Information The statistical book 2010.
19. Chae Y., Goodman G.S., Bederian-Gardner D., Lindsay A. Methodological issues and practical strategies in research on child maltreatment victims' abilities and experiences as witnesses. Child Abuse & Neglect 2011, 35:240-248.
20. Dunne M.P., Zolotor A.J., Runyan D.K., Andreva-Miller I., Choo W.Y., Dunne S.K., Youssef R. ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tools Retrospective version (ICAST-R): Delphi study and field testing in seven countries. Child Abuse & Neglect 2009, 33:815-825. 10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.09.005.
21. Fallon B., Trocmé N., Fluke J., MacLaurin B., Tonmyr L., Yuan Y.Y. Methodological challenges in measuring child maltreatment. Child Abuse & Neglect 2010, 34:70-79. 10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.08.008.
22. Ethical research with children 2005, Open University Press, New York, Maidenhead. A. Farrell (Ed.).
23. Finkelhor D. Child sexual abuse: New theory and research 1984, Free Press, New York, NY.
24. Haj-Yahia M.M., Ben-Arieh A. The incidence of Arab adolescents' exposure to violence in their families of origin and their socio-demographic correlates. Child Abuse & Neglect 2000, 24:1299-1315.
25. Haj-Yahia M.M., Dawud-Noursi S. Predicting the use of different conflict tactics among Arab siblings in Israel: A study based on social learning theory. Journal of Family Violence 1998, 13:81-103.
26. International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect ICAST-CH study tool. Retrieved from http://www.ispcan.org/%3Fpage=ICAST.
27. International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) World perspectives on child abuse 2012, Aurora, CO, USA. 10th ed.
28. Jumaian A. Prevalence and long-term impact of child sexual abuse among a sample of male college students in Jordan. East Mediterranean Health Journal 2001, 7:435-440.
29. Lansford J.E., Alampay L.P., Al-Hassan S., Bacchini D., Bombi A.S., Borstein M.H., Zelli A. Corporal punishment of children in nine countries as a function of child gender and parent gender. International Journal of Pediatrics 2010, 2010:1-12. 672780. 10.1155/2010/672780.
30. Lansford J.E., Miller-Johnson S., Berlin L.J., Dodge K.A., Bates J.E., Pettit G.S. Early physical abuse and later violent delinquency: A prospective longitudinal study. Child Maltreatment 2007, 12:233-245. 10.1177/1077559507301841.
31. Mikton C., Mehra R., Burchart A., Addiss D., Almuneef M.A., Cardia N., Raleva M. A multidimensional model for child maltreatment prevention readiness in low- and middle-income countries. Journal of Community Psychology 2012, 39:826-843. 10.1002/jcop.20474.
32. Mikton C., Power M., Raleva M., Makoae M., Al-Eissa M.A., Cheah I., Almuneef M.A. The assessment of the readiness of five countries to implement child maltreatment prevention programs on a large scale. Child Abuse & Neglect 2013, 37:1237-1251. 10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.07.009.
33. National Center for Documents and Archives The National Maltreatment Prevention Act 2013.
34. National Family Safety Registry (NFSR) & National Health Council Saudi Arabia The annual report 2010.
35. National Family Safety Registry (NFSR) & National Health Council-Saudi Arabia The annual report 2011.
36. National Family Safety Registry (NFSR) & National Health Council-Saudi Arabia The annual report 2012.
37. National Health Council-Saudi Arabia The national child maltreatment policy manual 2008.
38. Office of the United Nations Higher Commission for Human Rights (UNHCRH) Convention on the rights of the child (CRC) 1989, Geneva, Switzerland.
39. Pinheiro P.S. United Nations secretary general study on violence against children 2006, 25-27. United Nations, New York, NY, 94-123.
40. Runyan D.K., Dunne M.P., Zolotor A.J., Madrid B., Jain D., Gerbaka B., Yousef R.M. The development and piloting of the ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool-Parent version (ICAST-P). Child Abuse & Neglect 2009, 33:826-832. 10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.09.006.
41. Runyan D.K., Shanker V., Hassan F., Hunter W.M., Jain D., Paula C.S., Bordin I.A. International variations in harsh child discipline. Pediatrics 2010, 126:e701-e711. 10.1542/peds.2008-2374.
42. Shalhoub-Kevorkian N. The politics of disclosing female sexual abuse: A case study of Palestinian society. Child Abuse & Neglect 1999, 23:1275-1293. 10.1016/S0145-2134(99)00104-0.
43. SPSS Inc. SPSS 20.0 for windows 2013, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL.
44. Theodore A., Chang J.J., Runyan D. Measuring the risk of physical neglect in a population-based sample. Erratum in: Child Maltreatment 2007, 12:96-105.
45. World Health Organization (WHO) & International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) Preventing child maltreatment: A guide to taking action and generating evidence 2006, Geneva, Switzerland.
46. World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Organization says violence against can and must be prevented 2006, Available from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2006/pr57/en/ Accessed 08.07.14.
47. Youssef R.M., Attia M.S., Kamel M.I. Children experiencing violence II: Prevalence and determinants of corporal punishment in schools. Child Abuse & Neglect 1998, 22:975-985. 10.1016/S0145-2134(98)00084-2.
48. Zolotor A.J., Runyan D.K., Dunne M.P., Jain D., Péturs H.R., Ramirez C., Isaeva O. ISPCAN Child abuse screening tool children's version (ICAST-C): Instrument development and multi-national pilot testing. Child Abuse &Neglect 2009, 33:833-841. 10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.09.004.