Outcomes and resource utilization in ST-elevation myocardial infarction in the United States: Evidence for socioeconomic disparities

Journal of the American Heart Association

Volumn 3, Issue 6, 2014, Pages

  Agarwal, Shikhar ^a   Garg, Aatish ^a   Parashar, Akhil ^a   Jaber, Wael A ^a   Menon, Venu ^a  

^a LERNER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Acute myocardial infarction; Mortality; Socioeconomic status; STEMI; Zip code

Indexed keywords

ACUTE HEART INFARCTION; ADULT; ALCOHOL ABUSE; ARTICLE; ASSISTED CIRCULATION; BLOOD CLOT LYSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE; COMORBIDITY; CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DRUG ABUSE; DYSLIPIDEMIA; ECONOMIC ASPECT; FAMILY HISTORY; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION; HEART ASSIST DEVICE; HEART INFARCTION; HEART MUSCLE REPERFUSION; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; ICD-9; INCIDENCE; INCOME; INTRAAORTIC BALLOON PUMP; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; OBESITY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PULMONARY ARTERY CATHETERIZATION; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; SMOKING; SOCIAL STATUS; ST SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; UNITED STATES; ZIP CODE; AGED; CHI SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; ECONOMICS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FACTUAL DATABASE; HEALTH CARE DISPARITY; HEALTH CARE PLANNING; HOSPITAL COST; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ODDS RATIO; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK FACTOR; SOCIOECONOMICS; STATISTICAL MODEL; TIME; TIME TO TREATMENT; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TRENDS; UTILIZATION;

AGED; CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; DATABASES, FACTUAL; FEMALE; HEALTH RESOURCES; HEALTHCARE DISPARITIES; HOSPITAL COSTS; HOSPITAL MORTALITY; HUMANS; INCOME; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION; ODDS RATIO; OUTCOME AND PROCESS ASSESSMENT (HEALTH CARE); PATIENT ADMISSION; RESIDENCE CHARACTERISTICS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; TIME FACTORS; TIME-TO-TREATMENT; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84925377612     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20479980     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.114.001057     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Bonow RO, Grant AO, Jacobs AK. The cardiovascular state of the union: confronting healthcare disparities. Circulation. 2005;111:1205-1207.
2. Mensah GA, Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Greenlund KJ, Croft JB. State of disparities in cardiovascular health in the United States. Circulation. 2005;111:1233-1241.
3. Winkleby MA, Kraemer HC, Ahn DK, Varady AN. Ethnic and socioeconomic differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors: findings for women from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. JAMA. 1998;280:356-362.
4. Smedley BD, Stith AY, Nelson AR, eds. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2002.
5. Geronimus AT, Bound J, Niedert L. On the Validity of Using Census Geocode Characteristics to Proxy Economic Status. Ann Arbor, MI: Population Studies Center, University of Michigan; 1993 (Research reports no. 93-269).
6. Geronimus AT, Bound J, Niedert L. On the validity of using census geocode characteristics to proxy individual socioeconomic characteristics, Technical working paper 189. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research; 1995.
7. Mcbean AM, Hebert P. Comparison of income information in the 1990 census with information in the Medicare current beneficiary survey. Baltimore, MD: Health Care Financing Administration; 1995 (HCFA contract no. HCFA-95-0265).
8. Carr-Hill R, Rice N. Is enumeration district level an improvement on ward level analysis in studies of deprivation and health? J Epidemiol Community Health. 1995;49(suppl 2):S28-S29.
9. Krieger N. Overcoming the absence of socioeconomic data in medical records: validation and application of a census-based methodology. Am J Public Health. 1992;82:703-710.
10. Smith GD, Hart C, Watt G, Hole D, Hawthorne V. Individual social class, areabased deprivation, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and mortality: the Renfrew and Paisley Study. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1998;52:399-405.
11. Alter DA, Naylor CD, Austin P, Tu JV. Effects of socioeconomic status on access to invasive cardiac procedures and on mortality after acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:1359-1367.
12. Marmot M. The influence of income on health: views of an epidemiologist. Health Aff. 2002;21:31-46.
13. Rao SV, Kaul P, Newby LK, Lincoff AM, Hochman J, Harrington RA, Mark DB, Peterson ED. Poverty, process of care, and outcome in acute coronary syndromes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41:1948-1954.
14. Rathore SS, Berger AK, Weinfurt KP, Feinleib M, Oetgen WJ, Gersh BJ, Schulman KA. Race, sex, poverty, and the medical treatment of acute myocardial infarction in the elderly. Circulation. 2000;102:642-648.
15. Ross NA, Wolfson MC, Dunn JR, Berthelot JM, Kaplan GA, Lynch JW. Relation between income inequality and mortality in Canada and in the United States: cross sectional assessment using census data and vital statistics. BMJ. 2000;320:898-902.
16. Elixhauser A, Steiner C, Palmer L. Clinical Classification Software (CCS), US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2014. Available at http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/toolssoftware/ccs.ccs.jsp. Accessed January 12, 2014.
17. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). HCUP Comorbidity Software: 1-14-2013. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2013.
18. Elixhauser A, Steiner C, Harris DR, Coffey RM. Comorbidity measures for use with administrative data. Med Care. 1998;36:8-27.
19. Consumer Price Index-Guide to CPI data. United States Department of Labor. Bureau of Labor Statistics; 2009. Available at http://www.bls.gov/cpi/cpifact8.htm (Accessed May 10, 2014).
20. Capewell S, MacIntyre K, Stewart S, Chalmers JW, Boyd J, Finlayson A, Redpath A, Pell JP, McMurray JJ. Age, sex, and social trends in out-of-hospital cardiac deaths in Scotland 1986-95: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2001;358:1213-1217.
21. Wolfson M, Kaplan G, Lynch J, Ross N, Backlund E. Relation between income inequality and mortality: empirical demonstration. BMJ. 1999;319: 953-955.
22. Barnato AE, Lucas FL, Staiger D, Wennberg DE, Chandra A. Hospital-level racial disparities in acute myocardial infarction treatment and outcomes. Med Care. 2005;43:308-319.
23. Bradley EH, Herrin J, Wang Y, McNamara RL, Webster TR, Magid DJ, Blaney M, Peterson ED, Canto JG, Pollack CV Jr, Krumholz HM. Racial and ethnic differences in time to acute reperfusion therapy for patients hospitalized with myocardial infarction. JAMA. 2004;292:1563-1572.
24. Skinner J, Chandra A, Staiger D, Lee J, McClellan M. Mortality after acute myocardial infarction in hospitals that disproportionately treat black patients. Circulation. 2005;112:2634-2641.
25. Trivedi AN, Sequist TD, Ayanian JZ. Impact of hospital volume on racial disparities in cardiovascular procedure mortality. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006; 47:417-424.
26. Shishehbor MH, Litaker D, Pothier CE, Lauer MS. Association of socioeconomic status with functional capacity, heart rate recovery, and all-cause mortality. JAMA. 2006;295:784-792.
27. Cohen MG, Fonarow GC, Peterson ED, Moscucci M, Dai D, Hernandez AF, Bonow RO, Smith SC Jr. Racial and ethnic differences in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction: findings from the Get With the Guidelines-Coronary Artery Disease program. Circulation. 2010;121:2294-2301.
28. Goff DC Jr, Nichaman MZ, Ramsey DJ, Meyer PS, Labarthe DR. A populationbased assessment of the use and effectiveness of thrombolytic therapy. The Corpus Christi Heart Project. Ann Epidemiol. 1995;5:171-178.
29. Mehta RH, Marks D, Califf RM, Sohn S, Pieper KS, Van de Werf F, Peterson ED, Ohman EM, White HD, Topol EJ, Granger CB. Differences in the clinical features and outcomes in African Americans and whites with myocardial infarction. Am J Med. 2006;119:e1-e8.
30. Meshack AF, Goff DC, Chan W, Ramsey D, Linares A, Reyna R, Pandey D. Comparison of reported symptoms of acute myocardial infarction in Mexican Americans versus non-Hispanic whites (the Corpus Christi Heart Project). Am J Cardiol. 1998;82:1329-1332.
31. Syed M, Khaja F, Rybicki BA, Wulbrecht N, Alam M, Sabbah HN, Goldstein S, Borzak S. Effect of delay on racial differences in thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J. 2000;140:643-650.
32. Jacobi JA, Parikh SV, McGuire DK, Delemos JA, Murphy SA, Keeley EC. Racial disparity in clinical outcomes following primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST elevation myocardial infarction: influence of process of care. J Interv Cardiol. 2007;20:182-187.
33. Koch CG, Li L, Kaplan GA, Wachterman J, Shishehbor MH, Sabik J, Blackstone EH. Socioeconomic position, not race, is linked to death after cardiac surgery. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2010;3:267-276.
34. Fournier S, Muller O, Ludman AJ, Lauriers N, Eeckhout E. Influence of socioeconomic factors on delays, management and outcome amongst patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Swiss Med Wkly. 2013;143:w13817.
35. Schiele F, Hochadel M, Tubaro M, Meneveau N, Wojakowski W, Gierlotka M, Polonski L, Bassand JP, Fox KA, Gitt AK. Reperfusion strategy in Europe: temporal trends in performance measures for reperfusion therapy in STelevation myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J. 2010;31:2614-2624.
36. Naegeli B, Radovanovic D, Rickli H, Erne P, Seifert B, Duvoisin N, Pedrazzini G, Urban P, Bertel O. Impact of a nationwide public campaign on delays and outcome in Swiss patients with acute coronary syndrome. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2011;18:297-304.
37. Benamer H, Tafflet M, Bataille S, Escolano S, Livarek B, Fourchard V, Caussin C, Teiger E, Garot P, Lambert Y, Jouven X; Spaulding C Investigators C-AR. Female gender is an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality after STEMI in the era of primary PCI: insights from the greater Paris area PCI Registry. EuroIntervention. 2011;6:1073-1079.
38. Khera S, Kolte D, Palaniswamy C, Mujib M, Aronow WS, Singh T, Gotsis W, Silverman G, Frishman WH. ST-elevation myocardial infarction in the elderly: temporal trends in incidence, utilization of percutaneous coronary intervention and outcomes in the United States. Int J Cardiol. 2013;168:3683-3690.
39. Avendano M, Kunst AE, Huisman M, Lenthe FV, Bopp M, Regidor E, Glickman M, Costa G, Spadea T, Deboosere P, Borrell C, Valkonen T, Gisser R, Borgan JK, Gadeyne S, Mackenbach JP. Socioeconomic status and ischaemic heart disease mortality in 10 Western European populations during the 1990s. Heart. 2006;92:461-467.
40. Quan H, Li B, Saunders LD, Parsons GA, Nilsson CI, Alibhai A, Ghali WA; Investigators I. Assessing validity of ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 administrative data in recording clinical conditions in a unique dually coded database. Health Serv Res. 2008;43:1424-1441.