Genesis of symbolic thought

Genesis of Symbolic Thought

Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 1-194

  Barnard, Alan ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84923826021     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781139198707     Document Type: Book

References (320)

1. Allen, Nicholas J. 2008 'Tetradic theory and the origin of human kinship systems,' in Allen et al., pp. 96-112
2. Allen, Nicholas J., Hilary Callan, Robin Dunbar and Wendy James (eds.). 2008 Early human kinship: from sex to social reproduction. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing
3. Ambrose, Stanley H. 1998 'Late Pleistocene human population bottlenecks, volcanic winter, and differentiation of modern humans,' Journal of Human Evolution 34 (6): 623-51
4. Arbib, Michael A. 2005 'From monkey-like action recognition to human language: an evolutionary framework for neurolinguistics,' Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28: 105-67
5. Arcand, Bernard. 1977 'The logic of kinship, an example from the Cuiva,' Actes du XLIIe Congrès Internationals des Américanistes, vol. II, pp. 19-34
6. Astuti, Rita, Jonathan Parry and Charles Stafford (eds.). 2007 Questions of anthropology (London School of Economics Monographs on Social Anthropology 76). Oxford: Berg
7. Avebury, Lord [Sir John Lubbock]. 1911 The pleasures of life. London: Macmillan and Co.
8. Bancel, Pierre J., Alain Matthey de l'Etang and John D. Bengtson. 2006 'Back to Proto-Sapiens (part 2): the global kinship terms PAPA, MAMA and KAKA,' paper presented at the American Anthropological Association 105th Annual Meeting, San Jose, CA, November 2006
9. Barham, Lawrence S. 2000 The Middle Stone Age of Zambia, south central Africa. Bristol: Western Academic and Specialist Press
10. Barham, Lawrence S. 2002 'Systematic pigment use in the Middle Pleistocene of south-central Africa,' Current Anthropology 43: 181-90
11. Barham, Lawrence S. 2004 'Art in human evolution,' in Gunter Berghaus (ed.), New perspectives on prehistoric art. New York: Praeger, pp. 105-30
12. Barham, Lawrence S. 2007 'Modern is as modern does? Technological trends and thresholds in the south-central African record,' in Mellars et al., pp. 165-76
13. Barham, Lawrence and Peter Mitchell. 2008 The first Africans: African archaeology from the earliest toolmakers to most recent foragers. Cambridge University Press 173
14. Barnard, Alan. 1978 'Universal systems of kin categorization,' African Studies 37: 69-81
15. Barnard, Alan. 1988 'Structure and fluidity in Khoisan religious ideas,' Journal of Religion in Africa 18: 216-36
16. Barnard, Alan. 1992 Hunters and herders of southern Africa: a comparative ethnography of the Khoisan peoples. Cambridge University Press
17. Barnard, Alan. 1999 'Modern hunter-gatherers and early symbolic culture,' in Dunbar et al., pp. 50-68
18. Barnard, Alan. 2000 History and theory in anthropology. Cambridge University Press
19. Barnard, Alan. 2002 'The foraging mode of thought,' Senri Ethnological Studies 60: 5-24
20. Barnard, Alan. 2004 'Hunting-and-gathering society: an eighteenth-century Scottish invention,' in Alan Barnard (ed.), Hunter-gatherers in history, archaeology and anthropology. Oxford: Berg, pp. 31-43
21. Barnard, Alan. 2007a Anthropology and the Bushman. Oxford: Berg
22. Barnard, Alan. 2007b 'From Mesolithic to Neolithic modes of thought,' in Whittle and Cummings, pp. 5-19
23. Barnard, Alan. 2008 'The co-evolution of language and kinship,' in Allen et al., pp. 232-43
24. Barnard, Alan. 2009 'Social origins: sharing, exchange, kinship,' in Botha and Knight, pp. 219-35
25. Barnard, Alan. 2010a 'Mythology and the evolution of language,' in Andrew D. M. Smith, Marieke Schouwstra, Bart de Boer and Kenny Smith (eds.), The Evolution of Language: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference (EVOLANG8). Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific, pp. 11-18
26. Barnard, Alan. 2010b 'When individuals do not stop at the skin,' in Robin Dunbar, Clive Gamble and John Gowlett (eds.), Social brain, distributed mind (Proceedings of the British Academy 158). Oxford University Press for the British Academy, pp. 249-67
27. Barnard, Alan. 2011 Social anthropology and human origins. Cambridge University Press
28. Barnes, J. A. 1973 'Genetrix: genitor: nature: culture?,' in Jack Goody (ed.), The character of kinship. Cambridge University Press, pp. 61-73
29. Bastian, Adolf. 2005 [1893-4]. 'Elementary ideas, folk ideas and geographical provinces,' in Koepping, pp. 170-8
30. Bateson, Gregory. 1936 Naven: survey of the problems suggested by a composite picture of the culture of a New Guinea tribe drawn from three points of view. Cambridge University Press
31. Bateson, Gregory. 1973 Steps to an ecology of mind: collected essays in anthropology, psychiatry, evolution and epistemology. London: Paladin
32. Beaune, Sophie de, Frederick L. Coolidge and Thomas Wynn (eds.). 2009 Cognitive archaeology and human evolution. Cambridge University Press
33. Bednarik, Robert G. 1996 'The cupules on Chief's Rock, Auditorium Cave, Bhimbetka,' The Artefact 19: 63-72
34. Beaune, Sophie de, Frederick L. Coolidge and Thomas Wynn (eds.). 1998 'The "australopithecine" cobble from Makapansgat, South Africa,' South African Archaeological Bulletin 53: 4-8
35. Beaune, Sophie de, Frederick L. Coolidge and Thomas Wynn (eds.). 2003 'The earliest evidence of palaeoart,' Rock Art Research 20 (2): 89-135
36. Behar, Doron M., Richard Villems, Himla Soodyall, Jason Blue-Smith, Luisa Pereira, Ene Metspalu, Rosaria Scozzari, Heeran Makkan, Shay Tzur, David Comas, Jaume Bertranpetit, Lluis Quintana-Murci, Chris Tyler-Smith, R. Spencer Wells, Saharon Rosset and the Genographic Consortium. 2008 'The dawn of human matrilineal diversity,' American Journal of Human Genetics 82: 1-11.
37. Berger, Lee R., Darryl J. de Ruiter, Steven E. Churchill, Peter Schmidt, Kristian J. Carlson, Paul H. G. M. Dirks and Job M. Kibil. 2010 'Australopithecus sediba: a new species of Homo-like australopith from South Africa,' Science 328: 195-204
38. Bermúdez de Castro, J. M., M. Martinón-Torrez, E. Carbonell, S. Sarmiento, A. Rosas, J. van der Made and M. Lozano. 2004 'The Atapuerca sites and their contribution to the knowledge of human evolution in Europe,' Evolutionary Anthropology 13: 25-41
39. Bicchieri, M. G. (ed.). 1972 Hunter-gatherers today: a socioeconomic study of eleven such cultures in the twentieth century. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston
40. Bickerton, Derek. 2003 'Symbol and structure: a comprehensive framework for language evolution,' in Christiansen and Kirby, pp. 77-93
41. Biesele, Megan. 1976 'Aspects of !Kung folklore,' in Lee and DeVore, pp. 302-24
42. Binford, Lewis R. 2002 [1983]. In pursuit of the past: decoding the archaeological record. Berkeley: University of California Press
43. Bird-David, Nurit. 1990 'The giving environment: another perspective on the economic system of hunter-gatherers,' Current Anthropology 31: 183-96
44. Bird-David, Nurit. 1999 '"Animism" revisited: personhood, environment, and relational epistemology,' Current Anthropology 40 (Supplement): S67-S91
45. Blacking, John. 1976 How musical is man? London: Faber and Faber Bleek.
46. Dorothea F. 1928/9. 'Bushman grammar: a grammatical sketch of the language of the /xam-ka-!k'e,' Zeitschrift für Eingeborenen-Sprachen 19: 81-98
47. Blacking, John. 1929/30. 'Bushman grammar: a grammatical sketch of the language of the /xam-ka-!k'e (continuation),' Zeitschrift für Eingeborenen-Sprachen 20: 161-74
48. Bleek, W. H. I. and L. C. Lloyd. 1911 Specimens of Bushman folklore. London: George Allen and Company
49. Bloch, Maurice. 1971 Placing the dead: tombs, ancestral villages, and kinship organisation in Madagascar. London: Seminar Press
50. Bloch, R. Howard. 1991 Medieval misogyny and the invention of Western romantic love. University of Chicago Press
51. Blurton Jones, Nicolas and Melvin Konner. 1976 '!Kung knowledge of animal behaviour or: the proper study of mankind is animals,' in Lee and DeVore, pp. 325-48
52. Botha, Rudolf. 2009 'Theoretical underpinnings of inferences about language evolution: the syntax used at Blombos Cave,' in Botha and Knight, pp. 93-111
53. Botha, Rudolf and Chris Knight (eds.). 2009 The cradle of language. Oxford University Press
54. Bowern, Claire and Harold Koch (eds.). 2004 Australian languages: classification and the comparative method. Amsterdam: John Benjamins References 175
55. Bowler, J. M. Rhys Jones, Harry Allen and A. G. Thorne. 1970 'Pleistocene human remains from Australia: a living site and human cremation from Lake Mungo, western New South Wales,' World Archaeology 2: 39-60
56. Brody, Hugh. 2000 The other side of Eden: hunter-gatherers, farmers and the shaping of the world. Vancouver: Douglas and McIntyre
57. Brumm, Adam and Mark W. Moore. 2005 'Symbolic revolutions and the Australian archaeological record,' Cambridge Archaeological Journal 15 (2): 157-75
58. Cann, Rebecca L., Mark Stoneking and Allan C. Wilson. 1987 'Mitochondrial DNA and human evolution,' Nature 329 (6099): 31-6
59. Carsten, Janet. 2000 'Introduction: cultures of relatedness,' in Janet Carsten (ed.), Cultures of relatedness: new approaches to the study of kinship. Cambridge University Press, pp. 1-10
60. Childe, V. Gordon. 1936 Man makes himself. London: Watts and Co.
61. Chomsky, Noam. 1965 Aspects of a theory of syntax. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
62. Chomsky, Noam. 1986 Knowledge of language: its nature, origin, and use. New York: Praeger
63. Chomsky, Noam. 2006 Language and mind (3rd edn). Cambridge University Press
64. Christiansen, Morten H. and Simon Kirby (eds.). 2003 Language evolution. Oxford University Press
65. Clark, J. G. D. 1969 World prehistory: a new outline (2nd edn). Cambridge University Press
66. Cochran, Gregory and Henry Harpending. 2009 The 10,000 year explosion: how civilization accelerated human evolution. New York: Basic Books
67. Conkey, Margaret W. 1999 'A history of the interpretation of European "palaeolithic art": magic, mythogram, and metaphors for modernity,' in Lock and Peters, pp. 288-349
68. Coolidge, Frederick L. and Thomas Wynn. 2009 The rise of Homo sapiens: the evolution of modern thinking. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell
69. Coolidge, Frederick L. and Thomas Wynn. 2011 'Comment,' in Henshilwood and Dubreuil, pp. 380-2
70. Coon, Carlton S. 1962 The origin of races. New York: Alfred A. Knopf
71. Corballis, Michael C. 2002 From hand to mouth: the origins of language. Princeton University Press
72. Corballis, Michael C. 2003 'From hand to mouth: the gestural origins of language,' in Christiansen and Kirby, pp. 201-18
73. Corballis, Michael C. 2011 The recursive mind: the origins of human language, thought, and civilization. Princeton University Press
74. Cowan, James G. 1992 The elements of the Aboriginal tradition. Shaftesbury: Element
75. Curnoe, D. 2010 'A review of early Homo in southern Africa focusing on cranial, mandibular and dental remains, with the description of a new species (Homo gautengensis sp. nov.),' Homo: Journal of Comparative Human Biology 61 (3): 151-77
76. Damas, David (ed.). 1969 Contributions to anthropology: band societies (National Museums of Canada Bulletin 228). Ottawa: NationalMuseums of Canada
77. Damas, David (ed.). 1972 'The Copper Eskimo,' in Bicchieri, pp. 3-50
78. Davidson, Iain. 2003 'The archaeological evidence of language origins: states of art,' in Christiansen and Kirby, pp. 140-57
79. Deacon, Jeanette. 1990 'Weaving the fabric of Stone Age research in southern Africa,' in Peter Robertshaw (ed.), A history of African archaeology. London: James Currey, pp. 39-58
80. Deacon, Terrence W. 1997 The symbolic species: the coevolution of language and the brain. New York: W. W. Norton & Co.
81. Derevianko, A., M. Shunkov and P. Volkov. 2008 'A Paleolithic bracelet from Denisova Cave,' Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia 34 (2): 13-25
82. d'Errico, Francesco and Lucinda Backwell (eds.). 2005. From tools to symbols: from early hominids to modern humans. Johannesburg: Witwatersrand University Press
83. d'Errico, Francesco, Christopher Henshilwood, Graeme Lawson, Marian Vanhaeren, Anne-Marie Tillier, Marie Soressi, Frédérique Bresson, Bruno Maureille, April Nowell, Joseba Lakarra, Lucinda Backwell and Michèle Julien. 2003 'Archaeological evidence for the emergence of language, symbolism, and music - an alternative multidisciplinary perspective,' Journal of World Prehistory 17: 1-70
84. d'Errico, Francesco, Christopher Henshilwood, Marian Vanhaeren and Karen Van Niekerk. 2005 'Nassarius kraussianus shell beads from Blombos Cave: evidence for symbolic behaviour in the Middle Stone Age,' Journal of Human Evolution 48: 3-24
85. Descola, Philippe. 1994 In the society of nature: a native ecology in Amazonia (translated by Nora Scott). Cambridge University Press
86. Descola, Philippe. 2005 Par-delánature et culture. Paris: Gallimard
87. Dixon, R. M. W. 2002 Australian languages: their nature and development. Cambridge University Press
88. Doniger, Wendy. 2009 'Claude Lévi-Strauss's theoretical and actual approaches to myth,' in Boris Wiseman (ed.), The Cambridge companion to Lévi-Strauss. Cambridge University Press, pp. 196-215
89. Dorais, Louis-Jacques. 1990 'The Canadian Inuit and their language,' in Dirmid R. F. Collis (ed.), Arctic languages: an awakening. Paris: UNESCO, pp. 185-289
90. Douglas, Mary. 1969 Natural symbols: exploration in cosmology. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul
91. Douglas, Mary. 1982 'Introduction to grid/group analysis,' in Mary Douglas (ed.), Essays in the sociology of perception. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, pp. 1-8
92. Dunbar, Robin I. M. 1996 Grooming, gossip and the evolution of language. London: Faber and Faber
93. Dunbar, Robin I. M. 2003 'The social brain: mind, language and society in evolutionary perspective,' Annual Review of Anthropology 32: 163-81
94. Dunbar, Robin I. M. 2004 The human story: a new history of mankind's evolution. London: Faber and Faber
95. Dunbar, Robin I. M. 2007 'Why are humans not just great apes?,' in Pasternak, pp. 37-48
96. Dunbar, Robin, Chris Knight and Camilla Power (eds.). 1999 The evolution of culture: an interdisciplinary view. Edinburgh University Press Durkheim, Émile.
97. Dunbar, Robin, Chris Knight and Camilla Power (eds.). 1915 [1912]. The elementary forms of the religious life. London: George Allen and Unwin
98. Dunbar, Robin, Chris Knight and Camilla Power (eds.). 1963 [1898]. Incest: the nature and origin of the taboo (translated by Edward Sagarin). New York: Stuart Durkheim, Émile and Marcel Mauss.
99. Dunbar, Robin, Chris Knight and Camilla Power (eds.). 1963 [1903]. Primitive classification (translated and edited by Rodney Needham). London: Cohen and West
100. Dziebel, German Valentinovich. 2007 The genius of kinship: the phenomenon of human kinship and the global diversity of kinship terminologies. Youngstown, NY: Cambria Press
101. Edwardes, Martin. 2010 The origins of grammar: an anthropological perspective. London: Continuum
102. Eibl-Eibesfeldt, Irenäus. 1979 The biology of peace and war: men, animals, and aggression. London: Thames and Hudson
103. Enard, Wolfgang, Molly Przeworski, Simon E. Fisher, Cecilia S. L. Lai, Victor Wiebe, Takashi Kitano, Anthony P. Monaco and Svante Pääbo. 2002 'Molecular evolution of FOXP2, a gene involved in speech and language,' Nature 418 (6900): 869-72
104. Evans-Pritchard, E. E. 1956 Nuer religion. Oxford: Clarendon Press
105. Evans-Pritchard, E. E. 1973 'Genesis of a social anthropologist: an autobiographical note,' New Diffusionist 3 (10): 17-23
106. Everett, Daniel L. 2005 'Cultural constraints on grammar and cognition in Pirahã: another look at the design features of human language,' Current Anthropology 46: 621-46
107. Foley, Robert. 2004 'The evolutionary ecology of linguistic diversity in human populations,' in Martin Jones (ed.), Traces of ancestry: studies in honour of Colin Renfrew. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, pp. 61-71
108. Foster, Mary LeCron. 1999 'The reconstruction of the evolution of human spoken language,' in Lock and Peters, pp. 747-75
109. Fox, Robin. 1967 Kinship and marriage: an anthropological perspective. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books
110. Frazer, James George. 1910 Totemism and exogamy: a treatise on certain early forms of superstition and society (4 vols.). London: Macmillan and Co.
111. Frazer, James George. 1919 Folk-lore in the Old Testament: studies in comparative religion, legend and law (3 vols.). London: Macmillan and Co.
112. Frazer, James George. 1922 The Golden Bough: a study in magic and religion (abridged edition). London: Macmillan and Co.
113. Freud, Sigmund. 1960 [1913]. Totem and taboo: some points of agreement between the mental lives of savages and neurotics. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul
114. Fukuyama, Francis. 2011 The origins of political order, from prehuman times to the French Revolution. London: Profile Books
115. Fuller, C. J. 1976 The Nayars today. Cambridge University Press
116. Gamble, Clive. 2007 Origins and revolutions: human identity in earliest prehistory. Cambridge University Press
117. Geertz, Clifford. 1966 'Religion as a cultural system,' in Michael Banton (ed.), Anthropological approaches to the study of religion (ASA Monographs 3). London: Tavistock Publications, pp. 1-46
118. Geertz, Clifford. 1973 The interpretation of cultures: selected essays. New York: Basic Books
119. Geertz, Clifford. 1983 Local knowledge: further essays in interpretive anthropology. New York: Basic Books
120. Gibbons, Ann. 2011 'Aboriginal genome shows two-wave settlement of Asia,' Science 333: 1689-91
121. Giddens, Anthony. 1993 The transformation of intimacy: sexuality, love and eroticism in modern society. Cambridge: Polity Press
122. Goody, Jack. 1977 The domestication of the savage mind. Cambridge University Press Goren-Inbar, Naama, Nira Alperson, Mordechai E. Kislev, Orit Simchoni, Yoel
123. Melamed, Adi Ben-Nun and Ella Werker. 2004 'Evidence of hominin control of fire at Gesher Benot Ya'aqov, Israel,' Science 304: 725-7
124. Graebner, Fritz. 1911 Die Methode der Ethnologie. Heidelberg: Carl Winters Universitäts Buchhandlung
125. Guenther, Mathias. 1979 'Bushman religion and the (non)sense of anthropological theory of religion,' Sociologus 29: 102-32
126. Guenther, Mathias. 1999 Tricksters and trancers: Bushman religion and society. Bloomington: Indiana University Press
127. Güldemann, Tom. 1998 'The Kalahari Basin as an object of areal typology - a first approach,' in Mathias Schladt (ed.), Language, identity, and conceptualization among the Khoisan. Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe, pp. 137-96
128. Harris, D. R. 1989 'An evolutionary continuum of people-plant interaction,' in D. R. Harris and C. G. Hillman (eds.), Foraging and farming: the evolution of plant exploitation. London: Unwin Hyman, pp. 11-24
129. Harvati, Katerina, Chris Stringer, Rainer Grün, Maxime Aubert, Philip Allsworth-Jones and Caleb Adebayo Folorunso. 2011 'The Later Stone Age calvaria from Iwo Eleru, Nigeria: morphology and chronology,' PLoS ONE 6 (9): e24024. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024024
130. Hauser, Marc, Noam Chomsky and W. Tecumseh Fitch. 2002 'The faculty of language: what is it, who has it, and how did it evolve?,' Science 298: 1569-79
131. Helm, June. 1972 'The Dogrib Indians,' in Bicchieri, pp. 51-89
132. Henn, Brenna M., Christopher R. Gignoux, Matthew Jobin, Julie M. Granka, J. M. Macpherson, Jeffrey M. Kidd, Laura Rodríguez-Botigué, Sohini Ramachandran, Lawrence Hon, Abra Brisbin, Alice A. Lin, Peter A. Underhill, David Comas, Kenneth K. Kidd, Paul J. Norman, Peter Parham, Carlos D. Bustamante, Joanna L. Mountain and Marcus W. Feldman. 2011 'Hunter-gatherer genomic diversity suggests a southern African origin for modern humans,' Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) 108 (13): 5154-62
133. Henshilwood, Christopher. 2009 'The origins of symbolism, spirituality, and shamans: exploring Middle Stone Age material culture in South Africa,' in Renfrew and Morley, pp. 29-49
134. Henshilwood, Christopher S., Francesco d'Errico, Curtis W. Marean, Richard G. Milo and Royden Yates. 2001 'An early bone tool industry from the Middle Stone Age at Blombos Cave, South Africa: implications for the origins of modern human behaviour, symbolism and language,' Journal of Human Evolution 41: 631-78
135. Henshilwood, Christopher S., Francesco d'Errico and Ian Watts. 2009 'Engraved ochres from the Middle Stone Age levels at Blombos Cave, South Africa,' Journal of Human Evolution 57: 27-47
136. Henshilwood, Christopher Stuart and Benoît Dubreuil. 2011 'The Still Bay and Howiesons Poort, 77-59 ka: symbolic material culture and the evolution of the mind during the African Middle Stone Age,' Current Anthropology 52: 361-400
137. Henshilwood, Christopher S. and Curtis W. Marean. 2003 'The origin of modern human behaviour: critique of the models and their test implications,' Current Anthropology 44: 627-51
138. Henshilwood, Christopher S. and Curtis W. Marean. 2006 'Remodelling the origins of modern human behaviour,' in Soodyall, pp. 31-48
139. Hewlett, Barry S. 1991 Intimate fathers: the nature and context of Aka Pygmy paternal infant care. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press
140. Hiatt, L. R. 1996 Arguments about Aborigines: Australia and the evolution of social anthropology. Cambridge University Press Hobbes, Thomas.
141. Hiatt, L. R. 1991 [1651]. Leviathan. Cambridge University Press
142. Hockett, Charles F. and Robert Ascher. 1964 'The human revolution,' Current Anthropology 5: 135-68
143. Hodder, Ian and Scott Hutson. 2003 Reading the past: current approaches to interpretation in archaeology. Cambridge University Press
144. Ingold, 1999 'On the social relations of the hunter-gatherer band,' in Richard Lee and Richard Daly (eds.), The Cambridge encyclopedia of hunters and gatherers. Cambridge University Press, pp. 399-410
145. Ingold, 2000 The perception of the environment: essays in livelihood, dwelling and skill. London: Routledge
146. Isac, Daniela and Charles Reiss. 2008 I-language: an introduction to linguistics as cognitive science. Oxford University Press
147. James, Steven R. 1989 'Hominid use of fire in the Lower and Middle Pleistocene,' Current Anthropology 30: 1-26
148. Johnson, Matthew. 2010 Archaeological theory: an introduction (2nd edn). Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell
149. Jordan, Fiona M., Russell D. Gray, Simon J. Greenhill and Ruth Mace. 2009 'Matrilocal residence is ancestral in Austronesian societies,' Proceedings of the Royal Society B 276: 1957-64
150. Kaplan, Joanna Overing. 1975 The Piaroa: a people of the Orinoco Basin. Oxford: Clarendon Press
151. Kaufman, Daniel. 2002 'Mind the gap: questions of continuity in the evolution of anatomically modern humans as seen from the Levant,' Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia 4 (12): 53-61
152. Keinan, Alon, James C. Mullikin, Nick Patterson and David Reich. 2008 'Accelerated genetic drift on chromosome X during the human dispersal out of Africa,' Nature Genetics 41 (1): 66-70
153. Kelly, Robert L. 1995 The foraging spectrum: diversity in hunter-gatherer lifeways. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press
154. Kirby, Simon. 2011 'The language organism in evolution, culture and what it means to be human,' Inaugural Lecture as Professor of Language Evolution, University of Edinburgh, 22 Mar. 2011
155. Klein, Richard G. 2008 'Out of Africa and the evolution of human behavior,' Evolutionary Anthropology 17: 267-81
156. Klein, Richard G. (with Blake Edgar). 2002 The dawn of human culture. New York: John Wiley and Sons
157. Knight, Chris. 1991 Blood relations: menstruation and the origins of culture. New Haven: Yale University Press
158. Knight, Chris. 1997 'The wives of the sun and the moon,' Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 3: 133-53
159. Knight, Chris, Camilla Power and Ian Watts. 1995 'The human symbolic revolution: a Darwinian account,' Cambridge Archaeological Journal 5 (1): 75-114
160. Koepping, Klaus-Peter. 2005 [1983]. Adolf Bastian and the psychic unity of mankind: the foundations of anthropology in nineteenth century Germany. Münster: LIT Verlag
161. Krause, Johannes, Qiaomei Fu, Jeffrey M. Good, Bence Viola, Michael V. Shunkov, Anatoli P. Derevianko and Svante Pääbo. 2010 'The complete mitochondrial DNA genome of an unknown hominin from southern Siberia,' Nature 464 (7290): 894-7
162. Krause, Johannes, Carles Lalueza-Fox, Ludovic Orlando, Wolfgang Enard, Richard E. Green, Hernán A. Burbano, Jean-Jacques Hublin, Catherine Hänni, Javier Fortea, Marco de la Rasilla, Jaume Bertranpetit, Antonio Rosas and Svante Pääbo. 2007 'The derived FOXP2 variant of modern humans was shared with Neandertals,' Current Biology 17 (21): 1908-12
163. Kroeber, A. L. 1931 'The culture-area and age-area concepts of Clark Wissler,' in Stuart A. Rice (ed.), Methods in social science: a case book. University of Chicago Press, pp. 248-65
164. Kuper, Adam. 1996 Anthropology and anthropologists: the modern British school (3rd edn). London: Routledge
165. Kuper, Adam. 1999 Culture: the anthropologists' account. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
166. Kuper, Adam. 2005 The reinvention of primitive society: transformations of a myth. Oxford: Routledge
167. Kuper, Adam and Jonathan Marks. 2011 'Anthropologists unite!,' Nature 470 (7333): 166-8 References 181
168. Kusimba, Sibul Barut. 2003 African foragers: environment, technology, interactions. Walnut Creek: AltaMira Press
169. Lakoff, George and Mark Johnson. 1980 Metaphors we live by. University of Chicago Press
170. Lang, Andrew. 1898 The making of religion. London: Longmans, Green and Co.
171. Lang, Andrew. 1905 The secret of the totem. London: Longmans, Green and Co.
172. Latham, R. G. 1851 Man and his migrations. London: Jan van Voorst
173. Latour, Bruno. 1993 We have never been modern (translated by Catherine Porter). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
174. Layton, Robert. 2008 'What can ethnography tell us about human social evolution?,' in Allen et al., pp. 113-27
175. Leach, E. R. 1967 'Virgin birth,' Proceedings of the Royal Anthropological Institute for 1966, pp. 39-50
176. Lee, Richard B. 1969 '!Kung Bushman subsistence: an input-output analysis,' in Andrew P. Vayda (ed.), Environment and cultural behavior: ecological studies in cultural anthropology. New York: Natural History Press, pp. 47-79
177. Lee, Richard B. 1976 'Introduction,' in Lee and DeVore, pp. 1-24
178. Lee, Richard B. 1979 The !Kung San: men, women, and work in a foraging society. Cambridge University Press
179. Lee, Richard B. and Richard Daly (eds.). 1999 The Cambridge encyclopedia of hunters and gatherers. Cambridge University Press
180. Lee, Richard B. and Irven DeVore. 1968a 'Preface,' in Lee and DeVore (1968b), pp. vii-ix
181. Lee, Richard B. and Irven DeVore. 1968b. Man the Hunter. Chicago: Aldine Publishing Co. (eds.).
182. Lee, Richard B. and Irven DeVore. 1976. Kalahari hunter-gatherers: studies of the !Kung San and their neighbours. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
183. Lévi-Strauss, Claude. 1945 'French sociology,' in Georges Gurvitch and Wilbert E. Moore (eds.), Twentieth century sociology. New York: The Philosophical Library, pp. 503-37
184. Lévi-Strauss, Claude. 1963 Structural anthropology (translated by Clare Jacobson and Brook Grundfest Schoepf). New York: Basic Books
185. Lévi-Strauss, Claude. 1966 [1962]. The savage mind. University of Chicago Press
186. Lévi-Strauss, Claude. 1968 'The concept of primitiveness,' in Lee and DeVore (1968b), pp. 349-52
187. Lévi-Strauss, Claude. 1969a [1964]. The raw and the cooked: introduction to a science of mythology, volume I (translated by John and Doreen Weightman). New York: Harper and Row
188. Lévi-Strauss, Claude. 1969b [1962]. Totemism. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books
189. Lévi-Strauss, Claude. 1969c [1949]. The elementary structures of kinship (rev. edn, translated by James Harle Bell, John Richard von Sturmer and Rodney Needham). Boston: Beacon Press
190. Lévi-Strauss, Claude. 1978 Structural anthropology 2 (translated by Monique Layton). Harmondsworth: Penguin Books
191. Lévy-Bruhl, Lucien. 1975 [1949]. The notebooks on primitive mentality (translated by Peter Rivière). Oxford: Basil Blackwell
192. Lewis-Williams, J. David. 1981 Believing and seeing: symbolic meanings in southern San rock paintings. London: Academic Press
193. Lewis-Williams, J. David. 2002 The mind in the cave: consciousness and the origins of art. New York: Thames and Hudson
194. Lewis-Williams, J. David. 2010 Conceiving God: the cognitive origin and evolution of religion. London: Thames and Hudson
195. Lewis-Williams, David and Sam Challis. 2011 Deciphering ancient minds: the mystery of San Bushman rock art. London: Thames and Hudson
196. Lewis-Williams, David and David Pearce. 2005 Inside the Neolithic mind: consciousness, cosmos and the realm of the gods. London: Thames and Hudson
197. Li, Heng and Richard Durbin. 2011 'Inference of human population history from individual whole-genome sequences,' Nature 475 (7357): 493-6
198. Lock, Andrew and Charles R. Peters (eds.). 1999 Handbook of symbolic evolution. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers
199. Locke, John. 1988 [1690]. Two treatises of government. Cambridge University Press
200. Lombard, Marlize and Laurel Phillipson. 2010 'Indications of bow and stonetipped arrow use 64,000 years ago in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa,' Antiquity 84: 635-48 London, Jack. Before Adam. London: T. Werner Laurie.
201. Lubbock, John. 1865 Pre-historic times, as illustrated by ancient remains, and the manners and customs of modern savages. London: Williams and Norgate
202. Lyotard, Jean-François. 1984 [1979]. The postmodern condition: a report on knowledge (translated by Geoff Bennington and Brian Massumi). Manchester University Press
203. Macaulay, Vincent, Catherine Hill, Alessandro Achilli, Chiara Rengo, Douglas Clarke, William Meehan, James Blackburn, Ornella Semino, Rosaria Scozzari, Fulvio Cruciani, Adi Taha, Norazila Kassim Shaari, Joseph Maripa Raja, Patimah Ismail, Zafarina Zainuddin, William Goodwin, David Bulbeck, Hans-Jürgen Bandelt, Stephen Oppenheimer, Antonio Torroni and Martin Richards. 2005 'Single, rapid coastal settlement of Asia revealed by analysis of complete mitochondrial genomes,' Science 308: 1034-6
204. Maddock, Kenneth. 1972 The Australian Aborigines: a portrait of their society. London: Allen Lane
205. Malinowski, B. 1916 'Baloma: the spirits of the dead in the Trobriand Islands,' Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 46: 353-430
206. Malinowski, B. 1930 'Kinship,' Man 30: 19-29
207. McBrearty, Sally and Alison Brooks. 2000 'The revolution that wasn't: a new interpretation of the origin of modern human behavior,' Journal of Human Evolution 39: 453-563
208. McPherron, Shannon P., Zeresenay Alemseged, Curtis W. Marean, Jonathan G. Wynn, Denne Reed, Denis Geraads, Rene Bobe and Hamdallah A. Bearat. 2010. 'Evidence for stone-tool-assisted consumption of animal tissues before 3.39 million years ago at Dikika, Ethiopia,' Nature 466 (7308): 857-60
209. Marcus, Joyce and Kent Flanneery. 2004 'The coevolution of ritual and society: new 14C dates from ancient Mexico,' Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) 101 (52): 18257-61
210. Marshall, Lorna. 1999 Nyae Nyae !Kung beliefs and rites. Cambridge, MA: Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology
211. Masson, John. 2006 'Apollo 11 Cave in southwest Namibia: some observations on the site and its rock art,' South African Archaeological Bulletin 61: 76-89
212. Maybury-Lewis, Davd. 1967 Akwê-Shavante society: social organization of a Brazilian tribe. Oxford: Clarendon Press
213. Mellars, Paul. 2002 'Archaeology and the origins of modern humans: European and African perspectives,' in Tim J. Crow (ed.), The speciation of modern Homo sapiens (Proceedings of the British Academy 106). Oxford University Press for the British Academy, pp. 31-47
214. Mellars, Paul. 2006 'Why did modern human populations disperse from Africa ca. 60,000 years ago? A new model,' Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) 103 (25): 9381-6
215. Mellars, Paul, Katie Boyle, Ofer Bar-Yosef and Chris Stringer (eds.). 2007 Rethinking the human revolution: new behavioural and biological perspectives on the origin and dispersal of modern humans. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research
216. Mellars, Paul and Chris Stringer (eds.). 1989 The human revolution: behavioural and biological perspectives in the origins of modern humans. Edinburgh University Press
217. Miller, Geoffrey. 2000 The mating mind: how sexual choice shaped the evolution of human nature. New York: Anchor Books
218. Miller, G. H., P. B. Beaumont, H. J. Deacon, A. S. Brooks, P. E. Hare and A. J. T. Jull. 1999 'Earliestmodern humans in South Africa dated by isoleucine epimerization in ostrich eggshell,' Quaternary Science Reviews 18: 1537-48
219. Mitchell, Peter. 2002 The archaeology of southern Africa. Cambridge University Press
220. Miller, G. H., P. B. Beaumont, H. J. Deacon, A. S. Brooks, P. E. Hare and A. J. T. Jull. 2010 'Making history at Sehonghong: Soai and the last Bushman occupants of his shelter,' Southern African Humanities 22: 149-70
221. Mithen, Steven. 2005 The singing Neanderthals: the origins of music, language, mind and body. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson
222. Morgan, Lewis Henry. 1877 Ancient society, or researches in the lines of human progress from savagery through barbarism to civilization. New York: Henry Holt
223. Morris, Job. 2011 'Indigenous leadership: value driven development: a San perspective'. Paper presented at the one-day seminar 'Responsible Leadership: Lessons Learned,' University of Pretoria, 15 Sept. 2011
224. Murdock, George Peter. 1949 Social structure. New York: Macmillan
225. Newmeyer, Frederick J. 1983 Grammatical theory: its limits and its possibilities. University of Chicago Press
226. Noble, William and Iain Davidson. 1996 Human evolution, language and mind: a psychological and archaeological enquiry. Cambridge University Press
227. O'Connell, J. F. and J. Allen. 2004 'Dating the colonization of Sahul (Pleistocene Australia - New Guinea): a review of recent research,' Journal of Archaeological Research 31: 835-53
228. Oppenheimer, Stephen. 2004 The real Eve: modern man's journey out of Africa. New York: Carroll and Graf
229. Oppenheimer, Stephen. 2007 'What makes us human? Our ancestors and the weather,' in Pasternak, pp. 93-113
230. Oppenheimer, Stephen. 2009 'The great arc of dispersal of modern humans: Africa to Australia,' Quaternary International 202: 2-13
231. Pasternak, Charles (ed.). 2007 What makes us human? Oxford: Oneworld
232. Peterson, Nicolas. 1999 'Introduction: Australia,' in Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly (eds.), The Cambridge encyclopedia of hunters and gatherers. Cambridge University Press, pp. 317-23
233. Pettitt, Paul. 2011 The Palaeolithic origins of human burial. London: Routledge.
234. Phillipson, David W. 2005 African archaeology (3rd edn). Cambridge University Press
235. Pickering, Robyn, Paul H. G. M. Dirks, Zubair Jinnah, Darryl J. de Ruiter, Steven E. Churchill, Andy I. R. Herries, Jon D. Woodhead, John C. Hellstrom and Lee R. Berger. 2011 'Australopithecus sediba at 1.977 Ma and implications for the origin of the genus Homo,' Science 333: 1421-3
236. Pinhasi, Ron and Jay T. Stock (eds.). 2011 Human bioarchaeology of the transition to agriculture. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell
237. Price, T. Douglas (ed.). 2000 Europe's first farmers. Cambridge University Press
238. Ptak, Susan E., Wolfgang Enard, Victor Wiebe, Ines Hellmann, Johannes Krause, Michael Lachmann and Svante Pääbo. 2009 'Linkage disequilibrium extends across putative selected sites in FOXP2,' Molecular Biology and Evolution 26: 2181-4
239. Pufendorf, Samuel von. 1927 [1682]. De officio hominis et civis juxta legem naturalem libri duo. Volume I: the photographic reproduction. Concord, NH: Rumford Press
240. Quiatt, Duane and Vernon Reynolds. 1993 Primate behaviour: information, social knowledge, and the evolution of culture. Cambridge University Press
241. Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. 1951 'The comparative method in social anthropology,' Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 81: 15-22
242. Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. 1952 Structure and function in primitive society: essays and addresses. London: Cohen and West Lévi-Strauss, Claude.
243. Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. 1964 [1922]. The Andaman Islanders. New York: Free Press of Glencoe
244. Rappaport, Roy A. 1971 'The sacred in human evolution,' Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 2: 23-44
245. Rappaport, Roy A. 1999 Ritual and religion in the making of humanity. Cambridge University Press
246. Ratzel, Friedrich. 1896-8 [1885-8]. The history of mankind (translated by A. J. Butler) (3 vols.). London: Macmillan
247. Reich, David, Richard E. Green, Martin Kircher, Johannes Krause, Nick Patterson, Eric Y. Durand, Bence Viola, Adrian W. Briggs, Udo Stenzel, Philip L. F. Johnson, Tomislav Maricic, Jeffrey M. Good, Tomas Marques- Bonet, Can Alkan, Qiaomei Fu, Swapan Mallick, Heng Li, Matthias Meyer, Evan E. Eichler, Mark Stoneking, Michael Richards, Sahra Talamo, Michael V. Shunkov, Anatoli P. Derevianko, Jean-Jacques Hublin, Janet Kelso Montgomery Slatkin and Svante Pääbo. 2010 'Genetic history of an archaic hominin group from Denisova Cave in Siberia,' Nature 468 (7327): 1053-60
248. Renfrew, Colin and Paul Bahn (eds.). 2008 Archaeology: theories, methods and practice (5th edn). London: Thames and Hudson
249. Renfrew, Colin and Iain Morley (eds.). 2009 Becoming human: innovation and prehistoric material and spiritual culture. Cambridge University Press
250. Renfrew, Jane M. 2009 'Neanderthal symbolic behaviour?,' in Renfrew and Morley, pp. 50-60
251. Ride, W. D. L., H. G. Cogger, C. Dupuis, O. Kraus, A. Minelli, F. C. Thompson and P. K. Tubbs. 2000. International code of zoological nomenclature (4th edn). London: Natural History Museum
252. Rivière, Peter. 1969 Marriage among the Trio: a principle of social organization. Oxford: Clarendon Press
253. Rivière, Peter. 1984 Individual and society in Guiana: a comparative study of Amerindian social organization. Cambridge University Press
254. Rogers, Edward S. 1972 'The Mistassini Cree,' in Bicchieri, pp. 90-137
255. Rohde, Douglas L. T., Steve Olsen and Joseph T. Chang. 2004 'Modelling the recent common ancestry of all living humans,' Nature 431 (7008): 562-6
256. Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. 1997a The Discourses and other early political writings. Cambridge University Press
257. Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. 1997b The social contract and other later political writings. Cambridge University Press
258. Rowley-Conwy, Peter. 2007 From Genesis to prehistory: the archaeological Three Age System and its contested reception in Denmark, Britain, and Ireland. Oxford University Press
259. Sadr, Karim. 2003 'The Neolithic of southern Africa,' Journal of African History 44: 195-209
260. Sahlins, Marshall. 1974 Stone age economics. London: Tavistock Publications
261. Salzman, Philip Carl. 2008 Culture and conflict in the Middle East. Amherst, NY: Humanity Books
262. Sarmiento, Esteban. 2007 'Twenty-two species of extinct human ancestors,' in G. J. Sawyer and Viktor Deak (creators), The last human: a guide to twentytwo species of extinct humans. New Haven: Yale University Press, pp. 24-229
263. Saussure, Ferdinand de. 1974 [1916]. Course in general linguistics (edited by Charles Bally and Albert Sechehaye, translated by Wade Baskin). Glasgow: Fontana/Collins
264. Schmidt, Wilhelm. 1931 The origin and growth of religion: facts and theories (translated by H. J. Rose). London: Methuen.
265. Schmidt, Wilhelm. 1931. 1939 Primitive revelation (translated by Joseph J. Baierl). St Louis: B. Herder Book Co. Schneider, David M.
266. Schmidt, Wilhelm. 1980 [1968]. American kinship: a cultural account (2nd edn). University of Chicago Press
267. Schneider, David M. 1984 A critique of the study of kinship. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press
268. Scholz, Christopher A., Thomas C. Johnson, Andrew S. Cohen, John W. King, John A. Peck, Jonathan T. Overpeck, Michael R. Talbot, Erik T. Brown, Leonard Kalindekafe, Philip Y. O. Amoako, Robert P. Lyons, Timothy M. Shanahan, Isla S. Castañeda, Clifford W. Heil, Steven L. Forman, Lanny R. McHargue, Kristina R. Beuning, Jeanette Gomez and James Pierson. 2007 'East African megadroughts between 135 and 75 thousand years ago and bearing on early-modern human origins,' Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) 104 (42): 16416-21
269. Shea, John J. 2011 'Homo sapiens is as Homo sapiens was: behavioral variability versus "behavioral modernity" in Palaeolithic archaeology,' Current Anthropology 52: 1-35
270. Silberbauer, George B. 1981 Hunter and habitat in the central Kalahari Desert. Cambridge University Press
271. Smith, William Robertson. 2002 [1894]. Religion of the Semites. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers
272. Soodyall, Himla (ed.). 2006 The prehistory of Africa: tracing the lineage of modern man. Johannesburg: Jonathan Ball
273. Spencer, Baldwin and F. J. Gillen. 1899 The native tribes of central Australia. London: Macmillan and Co.
274. Sperber, Dan. 1975 Rethinking symbolism. Cambridge University Press
275. Sperber, Dan. 1985 On anthropological knowledge: three essays. Cambridge University Press
276. Spiro, Melford. 1968 'Virgin birth, parthenogenesis and physiological paternity: an essay in cultural interpretation,' Man 3: 242-61
277. Stix, Gary. 2008 'The migration history of humans: DNA study traces human origins across the continents,' Scientific American 299 (1): 56-63
278. Stoneking, Mark. 2006 'Genetic evidence for our recent African ancestry,' in Soodyall, pp. 21-30
279. Stringer, Chris. 2011 The origin of our species. London: Allen Lane
280. Stutley, Margaret. 2003 Shamanism: an introduction. London: Routledge
281. Tanaka, Jiro and Kazuyoshi Sugawara (eds.). 2010 An encyclopedia of /Gui and //Gana culture and society. Kyoto: Laboratory of Cultural Anthropology, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University
282. Testart, Alain. 1982a Les Chasseur-cueilleurs, ou l'origine des inégalités. Paris: Sociétéd'Ethnographie
283. Testart, Alain. 1982b'The significance of food storage among hunter-gatherers: residence patterns, population densities, and social inequalities,' Current Anthropology 23: 523-37
284. Tomasello, Michael. 2008 Origins of human communication. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
285. Tonkinson, Robert. 1978 The Mardudjara Aborigines: living the Dreamtime in Australia's desert. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston
286. Towner, Sarah. 2010 'Concept of mind in non-human primates,' Bioscience Horizons 3 (1): 1-9
287. Traill, A. 1994 A !Xóõdictionary. Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag
288. Turnbull, Colin. 1968 Wayward servants: the two worlds of the African Pygmies. London Eyre and Spottiswoode
289. Turnbull, Colin. 1985 The human cycle. London: Triad/Paladin Books References 187
290. Turner, David H. 1985 Life before Genesis: a conclusion. An understanding of the significance of Australian Aboriginal culture. New York: Peter Lang
291. Turner, Victor. 1967 The forest of symbols: aspects of Ndembu ritual. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press
292. Tylor, Edward Burnett. 1871 Primitive culture: researches into the development of mythology, philosophy, religion, language, art, and custom (2 vols.). London: John Murray
293. Underhill, David. 2011 'A history of Stone Age archaeological study in South Africa,' South African Archaeological Bulletin 66: 3-14
294. Valiente Noailles, Carlos. 1988 El circulo y el fuego: sociedad y derecho de los kúa. Buenos Aires: Ediar
295. Vaz, Ruth Manimekalai. 2010 'The Hill Madia of central India: early human kinship?,' Journal of the Anthropological Society of Oxford (n.s.) 2 (1-2): 9-30
296. Vaz, Ruth Manimekalai. 2011 'The 'Big Bang' of Dravidian kinship,' Journal of the Anthropological Society of Oxford (n.s.) 3 (1): 38-66
297. Vico, Giambattista. 1982 Vico: selected writings (edited and translated by Leon Pompa). Cambridge University Press
298. Vinnicombe, Patricia. 1972 'Myth, motive and selection in southern African rock art,' Africa 42: 192-204 von Brandenstein, C. G. 1970. 'The meaning of section and section names,' Oceania 41: 39-49
299. von Brandenstein, C. G. 1982. Names and substance of the Australian section system. University of Chicago Press
300. Wadley, Lyn. 2001 'What is cultural modernity? A general view and a South African perspective from Rose Cottage Cave,' Cambridge Archaeological Journal 11: 201-21
301. Wadley, Lyn. 2006 'Revisiting cultural modernity and the role of ochre in the Middle Stone Age,' in Soodyall, pp. 49-63
302. Wagner, Roy. 1986 Symbols that stand for themselves. University of Chicago Press
303. Warren, William W. 1885 'History of the Ojibway people, based upon tradition and oral statements,' Collections of the Minnesota Historical Society 5: 21-394
304. Watts, Ian. 1999 'The origin of symbolic culture,' in Dunbar et al., pp. 113-46
305. Weidenreich, Franz. 1947 'Facts and speculations concerning the origin of Homo sapiens,' American Anthropologist 49: 187-203
306. Wells, J. C. 1982 Accents of English I: an introduction. Cambridge University Press
307. Wells, Spencer. 2007 Deep ancestry: inside the genographic project. Washington, DC: National Geographic
308. Wells, Spencer. 2011 Pandora's seed: why the hunter-gatherer holds the key to our survival. London: Penguin Books
309. Wendt, W. E. 1976 '"Art mobilier" from the Apollo 11 Cave, South West Africa's oldest dated works of art,' South African Archaeological Bulletin 31: 5-11
310. Whittle, Alasdair. 2003 The archaeology of people: dimensions of Neolithic life. London: Routledge
311. Whittle, Alasdair and Vicki Cummings (eds.). 2007 Going over: the Mesolithic- Neolithic transition in north-west Europe (Proceedings of the British Academy 144). Oxford University Press for the British Academy
312. Wikipedia contributors. 2011 'Lunar deity'. Wikipedia: the free encyclopedia. San Francisco: Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Lunar_deity (accessed 2 Oct. 2011)
313. Willoughby, Pamela R. 2007 The evolution of modern humans in Africa: a comprehensive guide. Lanham, MD: AltaMira Press
314. Wissler, Clark. 1923 Man and culture. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell
315. Wissler, Clark. 1927 'The culture-area concept in American anthropology,' American Journal of Sociology 32: 881-91
316. Woodburn, James. 1982 'Egalitarian societies,' Man (n.s.) 17: 431-51
317. Wrangham, Richard. 2009 Catching fire: how cooking made us human. London: Profile Books
318. Wynn, Thomas and Frederick L. Coolidge. 2009 'Implications of a strict standard for recognizing modern cognition in prehistory,' in Beaune et al. 2009, pp. 117-27
319. Zhivotovsky, Lev A., Noah A. Rosenberg and Marcus W. Feldman. 2003 'Features of evolution and expansion of modern humans, inferred from genomewide microsatellite markers,' American Journal of Human Genetics 72 (5): 1171-86
320. Zilhão, João. 2007 'The emergence of ornaments and art: an archaeological perspective on the origins of "behavioral modernity",' Journal of Archaeological Research 15: 1-54