Effect of single and double stage chemically treated kenaf fibers on mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol film

BioResources

Volumn 10, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 822-838

  Ali, Md Ershad ^a   Yong, Ching Kuan ^a,b   Ching, Yern Chee ^a   Chuah, Cheng Hock ^a   Liou, Nai Shang ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA   (Malaysia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON   (United Kingdom)

^c SOUTHERN TAIWAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Biocomposite film; Chromium treatment; Kenaf fiber; Mechanical properties; PVA

Indexed keywords

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CHROMIUM; COMPOSITE MATERIALS; ELASTIC MODULI; FIBERS; HEMP; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; POLYVINYL ALCOHOLS; REINFORCEMENT; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; TENSILE STRENGTH; CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS; CHROMIUM METALLOGRAPHY; SODIUM BICARBONATE;

BIOCOMPOSITE FILMS; CHEMICAL TREATMENTS; MICROSTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS; PHYSICOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES; POLY (VINYL ALCOHOL) (PVA); PVA; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC; SOLUTION-CASTING TECHNIQUE; FLEXURAL MODULUS;

KENAF FIBERS;

CHROMIUM; ELASTIC STRENGTH; KENAF; LIGNOCELLULOSE; MECHANICAL TESTS; POLYVINYL ALCOHOL; REINFORCED PLASTIC; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS; COMPOSITES; HEMP; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SODIUM BICARBONATE;

HIBISCUS CANNABINUS;

EID: 84923646692     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19302126     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. ASTM D882-91. (1995). "Standard test methods for tensile properties for thin plastic sheeting". in: Annual Book of ASTM Standards, vol. 08.01, USA.
2. ASTM 790M-93. (1995). "Standard test methods for flexural properties of unreinforced and reinforced plastics and electrical insulating materials". in: Annual Book of ASTM Standards, vol. 08.01, USA.
3. Bisanda, E. T. N., and Ansell, M. P. (1991). "The effect of silane treatment on the mechanical and physical properties of sisal-epoxy composites". Compos. Sci. Technol. 41, 165-178.
4. Brännvall, E. (2007). Aspect on Strength Delivery and Higher Utilisation of Strength Potential of Soft Wood Kraft pulp Fibres, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden.
5. Cao, Y., Shibata, S., and Fukumoto, I. (2006). "Mechanical properties of biodegradable composites reinforced with bagasse fibre before and after alkali treatments". Compos. A 37, 423-429.
6. Ching, Y. C. and Ng, T. S. (2014). "Effect of preparation conditions on cellulose from oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber". BioResources 9(4), 6373-6385.
7. Ching, Y. C., Goh, K. Y., Luqman, C. A., Kalyani, N. (2013). "Effect of nanosilica and titania on thermal stability of polypropylene/oil palm empty fruit fibre composite". J. Biobased Mater. Bioenergy, 7, 169-174.
8. Choi, N. W., Mori, I., and Ohama, Y. (2006). "Development of rice husks-plastics composites for building materials." Waste Manag. 26, 189-194.
9. Demirbas, A. (2008). "Heavy metal adsorption onto agro-based waste materials: A review". J. Hazard. Mater. 157, 220-229.
10. Davoodi, M.M. (2010). "Mechanical properties of hybrid kenaf/glass reinforced epoxy composite for passenger car bumper beam". Materials & Design, 31, 4927-4932.
11. Ei-Saied, H., Basta, A. H., Hassanen, M. E., Korte, H., and Helal, A. (2012). "Behaviour of rice-byproducts and optimizing the conditions for production of high performance natural fiber polymer composites". J. Polym. Environ. 20, 838-847.
12. Elanthikkal, S., Gopalakrishnapanicker, U., Varghese, S., and Guthrie, J. T. (2010). "Cellulose microfibres produced from banana plant wastes: Isolation and characterization". Carbohydrate Polymers 80(3), 852-859.
13. Garg, U. K., Kaur, M. P., Garg, V. K., and Sud, D. (2007). "Removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution by agricultural waste biomass". J. Hazard. Mater. 140, 60-68.
14. Gassan, J., and Bledzki, A. K., (1997). "Effect of moisture content on the properties of silanized jute-epoxy composites". Polym. Compos. 18(2), 179-184.
15. Gu, J., Dang, J., Geng, W., and Zhang, Q. (2012). "Surface modification of HMPBO fibers by silane coupling agent of KH-560 treatment assisted by ultrasonic vibration". Fiber Polym. 13, 979-984.
16. Gunti, R., and Alturi, R.P. (2014). "Tensile properties of successive alkali treated short jute fiber reinforced PLA composites". Procedia Mater. Sci. 5, 2188-2196.
17. Haque, M. M., Rahman, R., Islam, M. N., Huque, M. M., and Hasan, M. (2010). "Mechanical properties of polypropylene composites reinforced with chemically treated coir and abaca fiber". J. Rein. Plast. Compos. 29, 2253-2261.
18. Hetzer, M., and De Kee, D. (2008). "Wood/polymer/nanoclay composites, environmentally friendly sustainable technology: A review". Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 86, 1083-1093.
19. Hossain, S. I., Hasan, M., Hasan, M. N., and Hassan, A. (2013). "Effect of chemical treatment on physical, mechanical and thermal properties of ladies finger natural fiber". Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2013, 1-6.
20. Ishak, M., Leman, Z., Sapuan, S., Rahman, M., and Anwar, U. (2013). "Impregnation modification of sugar palm fibres with phenol formaldehyde and unsaturated polyester". Fiber Polym. 14, 250-257.
21. Ishak, M. R, Sapuan S. M., Leman, Z., Rahman, M. Z. A, and Anwar, U. M. K and Siregar J. P. (2013). "Suger pulm (Arenga pinnata): Its fibres, polymers and composites". Carbohydr. Polym. 91, 699-710.
22. Jamil, M., Ahmad, I., and Abdullah, I. (2006). "Effects of rice husk filler on the mechanical and thermal properties of liquid natural rubber compatibilized high-density polyethylene/natural rubber blends". J. Polym. Res. 13, 315-321.
23. Jonoobi, M., Oksman N. K., Harun, J., and Misra, M. (2009). "Chemical composition, crystallinity, and thermal degradation of bleached and unbleached kenaf bast (Hibiscus cannabinus) pulp and nanofibers". BioResources 4, 626-639.
24. Joseph, P., Joseph, K., Thomas, S. (2003). "The thermal and crystallisation studies of short sisal fibre reinforced polypropylene composites". Composites A, 34, 3, 253-266.
25. Joseph, S., Sreekala, M. S., Oommen, Z., Koshy, P., and Thomas, S. (2002). "A comparison of the mechanical properties of phenol formaldehyde composites reinforced with banana fibres and glass fibres". Compos. Sci. Technol. 62, 1857-1868.
26. Kaewkuk, S., Sutapun, W., and Jarukumjorn, K. (2013). "Effects of interfacial modification and fiber content on physical properties of sisal fiber/polypropylene composites". Compos. B 45, 544-549.
27. Khalil, A., Hanida S., Kang, C. W., and Nik F. N. A. (2009). "Agro-hybrid composite: The effects on mechanical and physical properties of oil palm fiber (efb)/glass hybrid reinforced polyester composites". J. Rein. Plas. and Comp. 26, 203-218.
28. Khan, M. A., Ashraf, S. M., and Malhotra, V. P. (2004). "Development and characterization of a wood adhesive using bagasse lignin". Int. J. Adhes. Adhes. 24, 485-493.
29. Kumar, A. S. K., Kalidhasan, S., Rajesh, V., and Rajesh, N. (2011). "Application of cellulose-clay composite biosorbent toward the effective adsorption and removal of chromium from industrial wastewater". Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 51, 58-69.
30. Laxmeshwar, S. S., Kumar, D. J. M., Viveka, S., and Nagaraja, G. K. (2012) "Preparation and properties of biodegradable film composites using modified cellulose fibre reinforced with PVA". Int. Scholary Res. Network 2012, 1-8.
31. Lei, Y., Wu, Q., Yao, F., and Xu, Y. (2007). "Preparation and properties of recycled HDPE/natural fiber composites". Compos. A 38, 1664-1674.
32. Lewin, M., and Pearce, E. M. (1985). Handbook of Fiber Science and Technology, Vol. 4. Marcel Dekker. Inc., New York.
33. Li, R., Chang, C., Zhou, J., Zhang, L., Gu, W., Li, C., Liu, S., and Kuga, S. (2010). "Primarily industrialized trial of novel fibers spun from cellulose dope in NaOH/urea aqueous solution". Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 49, 11380-11384.
34. Lin, C. K., Chen, J. N., and Lin, C. C. (1997). "An NMR, XRD and EDS study of solidification/stabilization of chromium with Portland cement and C3S". J. Hazard. Mater. 56, 21-34.
35. Liu, C. F., Sun, R. C., Qin, M. H., Zhang, A. P., Ren, J. L., Xu, F., Ye, J., and Wu, S. B. (2007). "Chemical modification of ultrasound-pretreated sugarcane bagasse with maleic anhydride". Ind. Crop. Prod. 26, 212-219.
36. Liu, L., Cheng, L., Huang, L., and Yu, J. (2012). "Enzymatic treatment of mechanochemical modified natural bamboo fibers". Fiber Polym. 13, 600-605.
37. Mir, S. S., Nafsin, N., Hasan, M., Hasan, N., and Hassan, A. (2013). "Improvement of physico-mechanical properties of coir-polypropylene biocomposites by fiber chemical treatment". Mater. Design 52, 251-257.
38. Mirbagheri, J., Tajvidi, M., Hermanson, J. C., and Ghasemi, I. (2007). "Tensile properties of wood flour/kenaf fiber polypropylene hybrid composites". J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 105, 3054-3059.
39. Miretzky, P., and Cirelli F. A. (2010). "Cr(VI) and Cr(III) removal from aqueous solution by raw and modified lignocellulosic materials: A review". J. Hazard. Mater. 180, 1-19.
40. Mishra, S., Misra, M., Tripathy, S. S., Nayak, S. and Mohanty, A. K. (2001). "Potentiality of pineapple leaf fibre as reinforcement in palf-polyester composite: Surface modification and mechanical performance". J. Rein. Plas. and Comp. 20, 321-334.
41. Nurfatimah, B., Ching, Y. C., Luqman, C. A., Chantara, T. R., and Nor, A. (2015). "Thermal and dynamic mechanical properties of grafted kenaf filled poly(vinyl chloride)/ethylene vinyl acetate composites". Materials and Design, 65, 204-211.
42. Nurfatimah, B., Ching, Y. C., Luqman, C. A., Chantara, T. R., and Nor, A. (2014). "Effect of methyl methacrylate grafted kenaf on mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride/ethylene vinyl acetate composites". Composites Part A, 63, 45-50.
43. Novák, I., Krupa, I., and Chodák, I. (2002). "Investigation of the correlation between electrical conductivity and elongation at break in polyurethane-based adhesives". Synth. Met. 131, 93-98.
44. Ochi, S. (2008). "Mechanical properties of kenaf fibers and kenaf/PLA composites". Mech. Mater. 40, 446-452.
45. Rana, A. K., Mandal, A., and Bandyopadhyay, S. (2003). "Short jute fiber reinforced polypropylene composites: Effect of compatibiliser, impact modifier and fiber loading". Compos. Sci. Technol. 63, 801-806.
46. Ray, D., Sarkar, B. K., and Bose, N. R. (2002). "Impact fatigue behaviour of vinylester resin matrix composites reinforced with alkali treated jute fibres". Compos. A 33, 233-241.
47. Ray, D., Sarkar, B. K., Rana, A. K., and Bose, N. R. (2001). "The mechanical properties of vinylester resin matrix composites reinforced with alkali-treated jute fibres". Compos. A 32, 119-127.
48. Segal, L., Creely, J. J., Martin, A. E., Jr., and Canrad, C. M. (1959). "An empirical method for estimating the degree of crystallinity of native cellulose using the X-ray diffractometer'" Textile Res. J. 29, 786-794.
49. Sgriccia, N., Hawley, M. C., and Misra, M. (2008). "Characterization of natural fiber surfaces and natural fiber composites". Compos. A 39, 1632-1637.
50. Sharma, S., Pathania, D., and Singh, P. (2013). "Preparation, characterization and Cr(VI) adsorption behavior study of poly(acrylic acid) grafted Ficus carica bast fiber". Adv. Mat. Lett. 4, 271-276.
51. Singh, V., Sharma, A. K., Kumari, P., and Tiwari, S. (2008). "Efficient chromium(VI) adsorption by Cassia marginata seed gum functionalized with poly(methyl-methacrylate) using microwave irradiation". Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 47, 5267-5276.
52. 3 films grown by laser-CVD". Appl. Surface Sci. 247, 423-428.
53. Suksabye, P., Thiravetyan, P., Nakbanpote, W., and Chayabutra, S. (2007). "Chromium removal from electroplating wastewater by coir pith". J. Hazard. Mater. 141, 637-644.
54. Thwe, M. M., and Liao, K. (2002). "Effects of environmental aging on the mechanical properties of bamboo-glass fiber reinforced polymer matrix hybrid composites". Compos. A 33, 43-52.
55. Vink, E. T. H., Rábago, K. R., Glassner, D. A., and Gruber, P. R. (2003). "Applications of life cycle assessment to NatureWorks™ polylactide (PLA) production". Polym. Degrad. Stab. 80, 403-419.
56. Yang, H. S., Kim, H. J., Park, H. J., Lee, B. J., and Hwang, T. S. (2006). "Water absorption behavior and mechanical properties of lignocellulosic filler-polyolefin bio-composites". Compos. Struct. 72, 429-437.
57. Yang, H. S., Kim, H. J., Park, H. J., Lee, B. J., and Hwang, T. S. (2007). "Effect of compatibilizing agents on rice-husk flour reinforced polypropylene composites". Compos. Struct. 77, 45-55.
58. Zhang, Y., Tong, D., and Song, K.Y. (2013). "A comparative analysis on the longitudinal compression characterizatics of jurvenile and nature northeast Chinese ash (Fraxinus mandshuria Rupr.) subjected to alkaline treatment". BioResources 8(2), 1963-1975.