Plasma nitriding induced growth of Pt-nanowire arrays as high performance electrocatalysts for fuel cells

Scientific Reports

Volumn 4, Issue , 2014, Pages

  Du, Shangfeng ^a   Lin, Kaijie ^a   Malladi, Sairam K ^b   Lu, Yaxiang ^a   Sun, Shuhui ^c   Xu, Qiang ^b   Steinberger Wilckens, Robert ^a   Dong, Hanshan ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^b DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Netherlands)

^c INRS EMT   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84923377845     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20452322     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/srep06439     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Zhang, J. PEM Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts And Catalyst Layers: Fundamentals and Applications. (Springer, London, 2008
2. Zhang, J. & Liu, H. Electrocatalysis of direct methanol fuel cells: from fundamentals to applications. (Wiley-VCH; Chichester: John Wiley [distributor], Weinheim, 2009
3. Katsounaros, I., Cherevko, S., Zeradjanin, A. R. & Mayrhofer, K. J. J. 2014 Oxygen Electrochemistry as a Cornerstone for Sustainable Energy Conversion. Angew Chem Int Edit 53, 102-121.
4. Li, Y. G. et al. An oxygen reduction electrocatalyst based on carbon nanotubegraphene complexes. Nat Nanotechnol 7, 394-400. 2012
5. Bashyam, R. & Zelenay, P. A class of non-precious metal composite catalysts for fuel cells. Nature 443, 63-66 (2006
6. Gong, K. P., Du, F., Xia, Z. H., Durstock, M. & Dai, L. M. Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotube Arrays with High Electrocatalytic Activity for Oxygen Reduction. Science 323, 760-764 (2009
7. Lefevre, M., Proietti, E., Jaouen, F. & Dodelet, J. P. Iron-Based Catalysts with Improved Oxygen Reduction Activity in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells. Science 324, 71-74 (2009
8. Wu, G., More, K. L., Johnston, C. M. & Zelenay, P. High-Performance Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Derived from Polyaniline, Iron, and Cobalt. Science 2011332, 443-447.
9. Yang,W., Fellinger, T. P. & Antonietti, M. Efficient Metal-Free Oxygen Reduction in Alkaline Medium on High-Surface-Area Mesoporous Nitrogen-Doped Carbons Made from Ionic Liquids and Nucleobases. J AmChem Soc 2011 133, 206-209.
10. Proietti, E. et al. Iron-based cathode catalyst with enhanced power density in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Nat Commun 2011 2.
11. Lee, E. P. et al. Growing Pt nanowires as a densely packed array on metal gauze. J Am Chem Soc 129, 10634-10635 (2007
12. Du, S. F. A Facile Route for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Electrodes with in situ Grown Pt Nanowires. J Power Sources 2010 195, 289-292.
13. Debe, M. K. Nanostructured Thin Film Electrocatalysts for PEM Fuel Cells-A Tutorial on the Fundamental Characteristics and Practical Properties of NSTF Catalysts. Ecs Transactions 2012 45, 47-68.
14. Debe, M. K. Electrocatalyst approaches and challenges for automotive fuel cells. Nature 2012 486, 43-51.
15. Holdcroft, S. Fuel Cell Catalyst Layers: A Polymer Science Perspective. Chem Mater 2013 26, 381-393.
16. Sun, S., Yang, D., Zhang, G., Sacher, E. & Dodelet, J. P. Synthesis and characterization of platinum nanowire-carbon nanotube heterostructures. Chemistry of Materials 19, 6376-6378 (2007
17. Lee, E. P. et al. Electrocatalytic Properties of Pt Nanowires Supported on Pt andW Gauzes. Acs Nano 2, 2167-2173 (2008
18. Du, S. Pt-based nanowires as electrocatalysts in proton exchange fuel cells. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies 2012 7, 44-54.
19. Wang, R. Y. et al. Controlled Growth of Platinum Nanowire Arrays on Sulfur Doped Graphene as High Performance Electrocatalyst. Sci Rep-Uk 2013 3.
20. Xia, B. Y., Bin Wu, H., Yan, Y., Lou, X. W. & Wang, X. Ultrathin and Ultralong Single-Crystal Platinum Nanowire Assemblies with Highly Stable Electrocatalytic Activity. J Am Chem Soc 2013 135, 9480-9485.
21. Sun, S. H., Jaouen, F. & Dodelet, J. P. Controlled Growth of Pt Nanowires on Carbon Nanospheres and Their Enhanced Performance as Electrocatalysts in PEM Fuel Cells. Adv Mater 20, 3900-3904 (2008
22. Sun, S. H. et al. A Highly Durable Platinum Nanocatalyst for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Multiarmed Starlike Nanowire Single Crystal. Angew Chem Int Edit 2011 50, 422-426.
23. Koenigsmann, C. & Wong, S. S. One-dimensional noble metal electrocatalysts: a promising structural paradigm for direct methanol fuel cells. Energy & Environmental Science 4, 1161-1176. 2011
24. Tiwari, J. N., Tiwari, R. N. & Kim, K. S. Zero-dimensional, one-dimensional, twodimensional and three-dimensional nanostructured materials for advanced electrochemical energy devices. Prog Mater Sci 57, 724-803. 2012
25. Alves, C. et al. Use of cathodic cage in plasma nitriding. Surf Coat Tech 201, 2450-2454 (2006
26. Corujeira Gallo, S. Active screen plasma surface engineering of austenitic stainless steel for enhanged tribological and corrosion properties. (University of Birmingham, Birmingham, 2009
27. Li, C. X., Bell, T. & Dong, H. A study of active screen plasma nitriding. Surf Eng 18, 174-181 (2002
28. Arefi, F., Andre, V.,Montazerrahmati, P. & Amouroux, J. Plasma Polymerization and Surface-Treatment of Polymers. Pure Appl Chem 64, 715-723 (1992
29. Gouldstone, A., Van Vliet, K. J. & Suresh, S. Nanoindentation-Simulation of defect nucleation in a crystal. Nature 411, 656-656 (2001
30. Brune, H. Microscopic view of epitaxial metal growth: nucleation and aggregation. Surf Sci Rep 31, 121-229 (1998
31. Antolini, E. Carbon supports for low-Temperature fuel cell catalysts. Appl Catal BEnviron 88, 1-24 (2009
32. Kaklamani, G. et al. Active screen plasma nitriding enhances cell attachment to polymer surfaces. Appl Surf Sci 273, 787-798. 2013
33. Fu, X., Jenkins, M. J., Sun, G. M., Bertoti, I. & Dong, H. S. Characterization of active screen plasma modified polyurethane surfaces. Surf Coat Tech 206, 4799-4807. 2012
34. Sun, S. H. et al. Ultrathin single crystal Pt nanowires grown on N-doped carbon nanotubes. Chemical Communications 7048-7050 (2009
35. Pylypenko, S. et al. Nitrogen: unraveling the secret to stable carbon-supported Ptalloy electrocatalysts. Energy & Environmental Science 6, 2957-2964. 2013
36. Sun, S. H. et al. Template-And surfactant-free room temperature synthesis of selfassembled 3D pt nanoflowers from single-crystal nanowires. Adv Mater 20, 571-574 (2008
37. Schurmann, U., Hartung, W., Takele, H., Zaporojtchenko, V. & Faupel, F. Controlled syntheses of Ag-polytetrafluoroethylene nanocomposite thin films by co-sputtering from two magnetron sources. Nanotechnology 16, 1078-1082 (2005
38. Chen, J. Y., Herricks, T., Geissler, M. & Xia, Y. N. Single-crystal nanowires of platinum can be synthesized by controlling the reaction rate of a polyol process. J Am Chem Soc 126, 10854-10855 (2004
39. Stamenkovic, V. R. et al. Improved oxygen reduction activity on Pt3Ni(111) via increased surface site availability. Science 315, 493-497 (2007
40. Zhang, J. L., Vukmirovic, M. B., Xu, Y.,Mavrikakis, M. & Adzic, R. R. Controlling the catalytic activity of platinum-monolayer electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction with different substrates. Angew Chem Int Edit 44, 2132-2135 (2005
41. Chen, Z. W.,Waje, M., Li, W. Z. & Yan, Y. S. Supportless Pt and PtPd nanotubes as electrocatalysts for oxygen-reduction reactions. Angew Chem Int Edit 46, 4060-4063 (2007
42. Leimin, X., Shijun, L., Lijun, Y. & Zhenxing, L. Investigation of a Novel Catalyst Coated Membrane Method to Prepare Low-Platinum-Loading Membrane Electrode Assemblies for PEMFCs. Fuel Cells 9, 101-105 (2009
43. Du, S. F. & Pollee, B. G. Catalyst loading for Pt-nanowire thin film electrodes in PEFCs. Int J Hydrogen Energ 37, 17892-17898. 2012