Presentation attack detection for face recognition using light field camera

IEEE Transactions on Image Processing

Volumn 24, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 1060-1075

  Raghavendra, R ^a   Raja, Kiran B ^a   Busch, Christoph ^a  

^a NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Norway)

Author keywords

Biometrics; countermeasure; Face Recognition; light field camera; presentation attack detection; security; spoofing

Indexed keywords

BIOMETRICS; CAMERAS; RENDERING (COMPUTER GRAPHICS);

ATTACK DETECTION; COUNTERMEASURE; LIGHT FIELDS; SECURITY; SPOOFING;

FACE RECOGNITION;

ALGORITHM; ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY; BIOMETRY; FACE; FACTUAL DATABASE; HUMAN; ILLUMINATION; IMAGE PROCESSING; PROCEDURES;

ALGORITHMS; BIOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION; DATABASES, FACTUAL; FACE; HUMANS; IMAGE PROCESSING, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; LIGHTING;

EID: 84923170047     PISSN: 10577149     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TIP.2015.2395951     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. A. Anjos and S. Marcel, "Counter-measures to photo attacks in face recognition: A public database and a baseline," in Proc. Int. Joint Conf. Biometrics (IJCB), Oct. 2011, pp. 1-7.
2. J. Li, Y. Wang, T. Tan, and A. K. Jain, "Live face detection based on the analysis of Fourier spectra," Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5404, pp. 296-303, Apr. 2004.
3. Z. Zhang, J. Yan, S. Liu, Z. Lei, D. Yi, and S. Z. Li, "A face antispoofing database with diverse attacks," in Proc. 5th IAPR Int. Conf. Biometrics (ICB), Mar./Apr. 2012, pp. 26-31.
4. J. Galbally, S. Marcel, and J. Fierrez, "Image quality assessment for fake biometric detection: Application to iris, fingerprint, and face recognition," IEEE Trans. Image Process., Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 710-724, Feb. 2014.
5. I. Chingovska, A. Anjos, and S. Marcel, "On the effectiveness of local binary patterns in face anti-spoofing," in Proc. Int. Conf. Biometrics Special Interest Group (BIOSIG), Sep. 2012, pp. 1-7.
6. N. Erdogmus and S. Marcel, "Spoofing in 2D face recognition with 3D masks and anti-spoofing with Kinect," in Proc. IEEE 6th Int. Conf. Biometrics, Theory, Appl. Syst. (BTAS), Sep./Oct. 2013, pp. 1-6.
7. A. Anjos, M. M. Chakka, and S. Marcel, "Motion-based countermeasures to photo attacks in face recognition," IET Biometrics, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 147-158, Sep. 2013.
8. J. Maatta, A. Hadid, and J. Pietikainen, "Face spoofing detection from single images using micro-texture analysis," in Proc. Int. Joint Conf. Biometrics (IJCB), Oct. 2011, pp. 1-7.
9. J. Yan, Z. Zhang, Z. Lei, D. Yi, and S. Z. Li, "Face liveness detection by exploring multiple scenic clues," in Proc. 12th Int. Conf. Control Autom. Robot. Vis. (ICARCV), Dec. 2012, pp. 188-193.
10. N. Kose and J. Dugelay, "Classification of captured and recaptured images to detect photograph spoofing," in Proc. Int. Conf. Informat., Electron. Vis. (ICIEV), May 2012, pp. 1027-1032.
11. R. Raghavendra and C. Busch, "Presentation attack detection algorithm for face and iris biometrics," in Proc. 22nd Eur. Signal Process. Conf. (EUSIPCO), Sep. 2014, pp. 1387-1391.
12. S. Bharadwaj, T. I. Dhamecha, M. Vatsa, and R. Singh, "Computationally efficient face spoofing detection with motion magnification," in Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit. Workshops (CVPRW), Jun. 2013, pp. 105-110.
13. K. Kollreider, H. Fronthaler, and J. Bigun, "Non-intrusive liveness detection by face images," Image Vis. Comput., Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 233-244, Feb. 2009.
14. M. M. Chakka et al., "Competition on counter measures to 2D facial spoofing attacks," in Proc. Int. Joint Conf. Biometrics (IJCB), Oct. 2011, pp. 1-6.
15. M.-A. Waris et al., "The 2nd competition on counter measures to 2D face spoofing attacks," in Proc. Int. Conf. Biometrics, Jun. 2013, pp. 1-6.
16. Information Technology-Presentation Attack Detection-Part 3: Testing, Reporting and Classification of Attacks, ISO/IEC JTC1 SC37 Biometrics, ISO/IEC Standard WD 30107-3, 2014.
17. H.-Y. Wu, M. Rubinstein, E. Shih, J. V. Guttag, F. Durand, and W. T. Freeman, "Eulerian video magnification for revealing subtle changes in the world," ACM Trans. Graph., Vol. 31, No. 4, p. 65, 2012.
18. R. Raghavendra, B. Yang, Kiran B. Raja, and C. Busch, "A new perspective-Face recognition with light-field camera," in Proc. Int. Conf. Biometrics (ICB), Jun. 2013, pp. 1-8.
19. R. Raghavendra, Kiran B. Raja, B. Yang, and C. Busch, "Combining iris and periocular recognition using light field camera," in Proc. 2nd IAPR Asian Conf. Pattern Recognit. (ACPR), Nov. 2013, pp. 155-159.
20. Kiran B. Raja, R. Raghavendra, F. A. Cheikh, B. Yang, and C. Busch, "Robust iris recognition using light-field camera," in Proc. Colour Vis. Comput. Symp., Sep. 2013, pp. 1-6.
21. R. Raghavendra and C. Busch, "Presentation attack detection on visible spectrum iris recognition by exploring inherent characteristics of light field camera," in Proc. IEEE Int. Joint Conf. Biometrics (IJCB), Sep./Oct. 2014, pp. 1-5.
22. E. H. Adelson and J. R. Bergen, "The plenoptic function and the elements of early vision," in Computational Models of Visual Processing. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, 1991, pp. 3-20.
23. Lytro. [Online]. Available: http://www.lytro.com, accessed Aug. 26, 2014.
24. Y. Cui and D. Stricker, "3D shape scanning with a Kinect," in Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Posters, 2011, p. 57.
25. P. Viola and M. J. Jones, "Robust real-time face detection," Int. J. Comput. Vis., Vol. 57, No. 2, pp. 137-154, 2004.
26. R. Raghavendra, B. Yang, and C. Busch, "Accurate face detection in video based on likelihood assessment," in Proc. Norsk Inf. Sikkerhets Konferanse (NISK), pp. 1-8, 2012.
27. A. Santos, C. O. de Solórzano, J. J. Vaquero, J. Peña, N. Malpica, and F. D. Pozo, "Evaluation of autofocus functions in molecular cytogenetic analysis," J. Microscopy, Vol. 188, No. 3, pp. 264-272, Dec. 1997.
28. A. M. Eskicioglu and P. S. Fisher, "Image quality measures and their performance," IEEE Trans. Commun., Vol. 43, No. 12, pp. 2959-2965, Dec. 1995.
29. E. Krotkov and J.-P. Martin, "Range from focus," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Robot. Autom., Vol. 3. Apr. 1986, pp. 1093-1098.
30. J. L. Pech-Pacheco, G. Cristóbal, J. Chamorro-Martinez, and J. Fernández-Valdivia, "Diatom autofocusing in brightfield microscopy: A comparative study," in Proc. 15th Int. Conf. Pattern Recognit., Vol. 3. Sep. 2000, pp. 314-317.
31. L. Firestone, K. Cook, K. Culp, N. Talsania, and K. Preston, Jr., "Comparison of autofocus methods for automated microscopy," Cytometry, Vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 195-206, 1991.
32. M. Subbarao, T.-S. Choi, and A. Nikzad, "Focusing techniques," Opt. Eng., Vol. 32, No. 11, pp. 2824-2836, Nov. 1993.
33. S. K. Nayar and Y. Nakagawa, "Shape from focus," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., Vol. 16, No. 8, pp. 824-831, Aug. 1994.
34. A. Thelen, S. Frey, S. Hirsch, and P. Hering, "Improvements in shapefrom-focus for holographic reconstructions with regard to focus operators, neighborhood-size, and height value interpolation," IEEE Trans. Image Process., Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 151-157, Jan. 2009.
35. G. Yang and B. J. Nelson, "Wavelet-based autofocusing and unsupervised segmentation of microscopic images," in Proc. IEEE/RSJ Int. Conf. Intell. Robots Syst. (IROS), Vol. 3. Oct. 2003, pp. 2143-2148.
36. H. Xie, W. Rong, and L. Sun, "Wavelet-based focus measure and 3D surface reconstruction method for microscopy images," in Proc. IEEE/RSJ Int. Conf. Intell. Robots Syst., Oct. 2006, pp. 229-234.
37. M. V. Shirvaikar, "An optimal measure for camera focus and exposure," in Proc. 36th Southeastern Symp. Syst. Theory, 2004, pp. 472-475.
38. H. Nanda and R. Cutler, "Practical calibrations for a real-time digital omnidirectional camera," in Proc. CVPR Tech. Sketch, Vol. 20. 2001.
39. F. S. Helmli and S. Scherer, "Adaptive shape from focus with an error estimation in light microscopy," in Proc. 2nd Int. Symp. Image Signal Process. Anal. (ISPA), Jun. 2001, pp. 188-193.
40. R. Minhas, A. A. Mohammed, Q. M. J. Wu, and M. A. Sid-Ahmed, "3D shape from focus and depth map computation using steerable filters," in Image Analysis and Recognition. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 2009, pp. 573-583.
41. J. Wright, A. Y. Yang, A. Ganesh, S. S. Sastry, and Y. Ma, "Robust face recognition via sparse representation," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 210-227, Feb. 2009.
42. E. van den Berg and M. P. Friedlander. (Jun. 2007). SPGL1: A Solver for Large-Scale Sparse Reconstruction. [Online]. Available: http://www.cs.ubc.ca/labs/scl/spgl1
43. R. Raghavendra, B. Yang, and C. Busch, "Robust 'on-the-fly' person identification using sparse representation," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Multimedia Expo Workshops (ICMEW), Jul. 2013, pp. 1-4.
44. Z. Guo, D. Zhang, and D. Zhang, "A completed modeling of local binary pattern operator for texture classification," IEEE Trans. Image Process., Vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 1657-1663, Jun. 2010.
45. M. Heikkilä, M. Pietikäinen, and C. Schmid, "Description of interest regions with center-symmetric local binary patterns," in Proc. Indian Conf. Comput. Vis., Graph. Image Process. (ICVGIP), 2006, pp. 58-69.