Critical care bed growth in the United States: A comparison of regional and national trends

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Volumn 191, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 410-416

  Wallace, David J ^a   Angus, Derek C ^a,b   Seymour, Christopher W ^a   Barnato, Amber E ^a,b   Kahn, Jeremy M ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

Bed supply; Critical care; Infrastructure; Intensive care unit

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; HOSPITAL BED CAPACITY; HOSPITAL BED UTILIZATION; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MEDICAID; MEDICARE; PATIENT REFERRAL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; UNITED STATES; ADULT; AGED; MIDDLE AGED; POPULATION GROWTH; POPULATION RESEARCH; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; TRENDS; VERY ELDERLY;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BED OCCUPANCY; CENSUSES; HOSPITAL BED CAPACITY; HUMANS; INTENSIVE CARE UNITS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MEDICAID; MEDICARE; MIDDLE AGED; POPULATION GROWTH; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84922880112     PISSN: 1073449X     EISSN: 15354970     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201409-1746OC     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. The World Bank. Data [accessed 2014 Sept 1]. Available from: http:// data.worldbank.org
2. Halpern NA, Pastores SM. Critical care medicine in the United States 2000-2005: an analysis of bed numbers, occupancy rates, payer mix, and costs. Crit Care Med 2010;38:65-71.
3. Gooch RA, Kahn JM. ICU bed supply, utilization, and health care spending: an example of demand elasticity. JAMA 2014;311:567-568.
4. Singer DE, Carr PL, Mulley AG, Thibault GE. Rationing intensive care- physician responses to a resource shortage. N Engl J Med 1983;309: 1155-1160.
5. Stelfox HT, Hemmelgarn BR, Bagshaw SM, Gao S, Doig CJ, Nijssen- Jordan C, Manns B. Intensive care unit bed availability and outcomes for hospitalized patients with sudden clinical deterioration. Arch Intern Med 2012;172:467-474.
6. Strauss MJ, LoGerfo JP, Yeltatzie JA, Temkin N, Hudson LD. Rationing of intensive care unit services. An everyday occurrence. JAMA 1986; 255:1143-1146.
7. Halpern NA, Pastores SM, Greenstein RJ. Critical care medicine in the United States 1985-2000: an analysis of bed numbers, use, and costs. Crit Care Med 2004;32:1254-1259.
8. Carr BG, Addyson DK, Kahn JM. Variation in critical care beds per capita in the United States: implications for pandemic and disaster planning. JAMA 2010;303:1371-1372.
9. Seferian EG, Afessa B. Demographic and clinical variation of adult intensive care unit utilization from a geographically defined population. Crit Care Med 2006;34:2113-2119.
10. GeoLytics Inc. CensusCD 2000-2009. Somerville, NJ; GeoLytics Inc.
11. The Center for the Evaluative Clinical Sciences. The Dartmouth atlas of health care. Chicago: American Hospital Publishing; 1998.
12. Angus DC, Linde-Zwirble WT, Lidicker J, Clermont G, Carcillo J, Pinsky MR. Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care. Crit Care Med 2001;29:1303-1310.
13. Rubenfeld GD, Caldwell E, Peabody E, Weaver J, Martin DP, Neff M, Stern EJ, Hudson LD. Incidence and outcomes of acute lung injury. N Engl J Med 2005;353:1685-1693.
14. Angus DC, Kelley MA, Schmitz RJ, White A, Popovich J Jr; Committee on Manpower for Pulmonary and Critical Care Societies (COMPACCS). Caring for the critically ill patient. Current and projected workforce requirements for care of the critically ill and patients with pulmonary disease: can we meet the requirements of an aging population? JAMA 2000;284:2762-2770.
15. Zellner A. An efficient method of estimating seemingly unrelated regressions and tests for aggregation bias. J Am Stat Assoc 1962; 57:348-368.
16. Halpern NA, Pastores SM, Thaler HT, Greenstein RJ. Changes in critical care beds and occupancy in the United States 1985-2000: differences attributable to hospital size. Crit Care Med 2006;34: 2105-2112.
17. Cullen KA, Hall MJ, Golosinskiy A. Ambulatory surgery in the United States, 2006. Natl Health Stat Rep 2009;11:1-25.
18. Casas A, Troosters T, Garcia-Aymerich J, Roca J, Hernández C, Alonso A, del Pozo F, de Toledo P, AntóJM, Rodríguez-Roisín R, et al.; members of the CHRONIC Project. Integrated care prevents hospitalisations for exacerbations in COPD patients. Eur Respir J 2006;28:123-130.
19. Naylor MD, Brooten DA, Campbell RL, Maislin G, McCauley KM, Schwartz JS. Transitional care of older adults hospitalized with heart failure: a randomized, controlled trial. J Am Geriatr Soc 2004;52: 675-684.
20. MPA Commission. A data book: health care spending and the Medicare program. Washington, DC: MedPAC; 2013.
21. Luce JM, Rubenfeld GD. Can health care costs be reduced by limiting intensive care at the end of life? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 165:750-754.
22. Prin M, Wunsch H. The role of stepdown beds in hospital care. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014;190:1210-1216.
23. Kahn JM, Benson NM, Appleby D, Carson SS, Iwashyna TJ. Long-term acute care hospital utilization after critical illness. JAMA 2010;303: 2253-2259.
24. Kahn JM. Matching supply and demand in critical care. Curr Opin Crit Care 2011;17:618-619.
25. Cutler DM, Scott Morton F. Hospitals, market share, and consolidation. JAMA 2013;310:1964-1970.
26. Seymour CW, Iwashyna TJ, Ehlenbach WJ, Wunsch H, Cooke CR. Hospital-level variation in the use of intensive care. Health Serv Res 2012;47:2060-2080.
27. Chen LM, Render M, Sales A, Kennedy EH, Wiitala W, Hofer TP. Intensive care unit admitting patterns in the Veterans Affairs health care system. Arch Intern Med 2012;172:1220-1226.
28. Lorch SA, Maheshwari P, Even-Shoshan O. The impact of certificate of need programs on neonatal intensive care units. J Perinatol 2012;32: 39-44.
29. Green LV. How many hospital beds? Inquiry 2002-2003;39:400-412.
30. Williams SV. How many intensive care beds are enough? Crit Care Med 1983;11:412-416.
31. Iwashyna TJT, Christie JDJ, Moody J, Kahn JMJ, Asch DAD. The structure of critical care transfer networks. Med Care 2009;47: 787-793.
32. Olafson K, Ramsey C, Yogendran M, Fransoo R, Chrusch C, Forget E, Garland A. Surge capacity: analysis of census fluctuations to estimate the number of intensive care unit beds needed. Health Serv Res [online ahead of print] Jul 15 2014; DOI: 10.1111/1475- 6773.12209.
33. Chalfin DB, Trzeciak S, Likourezos A, Baumann BM, Dellinger RP; DELAY-ED study group. Impact of delayed transfer of critically ill patients from the emergency department to the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2007;35:1477-1483.
34. Halpern NA, Pastores SM, Thaler HT, Greenstein RJ. Critical care medicine use and cost among Medicare beneficiaries 1995-2000: major discrepancies between two United States federal Medicare databases. Crit Care Med 2007;35: 692-699.
35. National Quality Forum. Regionalized emergency medical care services: emergency department crowding and boarding, healthcare system preparedness and surge capacity - performance measurement gap analysis and topic prioritization. Washington, DC: National Quality Forum; 2013.