Measuring temperature variability of five major cities of Pakistan

Arabian Journal of Geosciences

Volumn 4, Issue 3-4, 2011, Pages 595-606

  Iqbal, M Jawed ^a   Quamar, J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KARACHI   (Pakistan)

^b Dadabhoy Institute of Higher Education   (Pakistan)

Author keywords

Global warming; Temperature; Trend

Indexed keywords

EID: 84922684625     PISSN: 18667511     EISSN: 18667538     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12517-010-0224-0     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Angell JK (1990) Variation in the cloudiness and sunshine duration between 1950 and the drought year of 1988. J Climate 3:296-308
2. Arseni-Papadiomitriou A, Maheras P (1991) Some statistical characteristics of air temperature variations. Theor Appl Climated 43:105-112
3. Colacino M, Rovelli A (1983) The early averaged air temperature in Rome from 1782 to 1975. Tellus 35:389-397
4. Cooter EJ, LeDuc SK (1995) Recent frost date trends in the NorthEastern USA. Int J Climatol 15:65-75
5. Cruz RV, Harasawa H, Lal M, Wu S, Anokhin Y, Punsalmaa B, Honda Y, Jafari M, Li C, Huu Ninh N (2007) Asia. Climate Change 2007. In: Parry ML, Canziani OF, Palutikof JP, van der Linden PJ, Hanson CE (eds) Impacts, adaptation and vulnerability, Contribution of working group II to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 469-506
6. DeGaetano AT (1996) Recent trends in maximum and minimum temperature threshold exceedences in the north eastern United States. J Climate 9:1646-1660
7. Escourrou G (1978) Climate et types de temps de Normandie. These d’Etat, Atel Reprod Theses, University Lille 3, pp 1081
8. Gan TY (1995) Trend in air temperature and precipitation for Canada and North-Eastern USA. Int J Climatol 15:1115-1134
9. Gelman A et al (1995) Bayesian Data Analysis. Chapman & Hall, New York
10. Hasanean HM (2001) Fluctuation of surface air temperature in the Eastern Mediterranean. Theor Appl Climatol 68:75-87
11. Horton B (1995) Geophysical distribution of changes in maximum and minimum temperature. Atmos Res 37:101-117
12. Hussain A, Ansari A, (2007) Some insights of local and global temperature dynamics. Arab J Sci Eng 35:189-201
13. Huth R (1999) Testing for trend in data unevenly distributed in time. Theor Appl Climatol 64:151-162
14. Iqbal MJ, Quamar J, Yousufzai MAK (2010) Spectral analysis of local climatic fluctuations. Arab J Geosci. doi:10.1007/s12517-010-0154-x
15. Jones PD, Kelly PM (1983) The spatial and temporal characteristics of northern hemisphere surface air temperature variations. J Climate Appl Meteor 3:243-252
16. Karl TR et al (1984) Decreasing diurnal temperature range in the United States and Canada from 1941 through 1980. J Climatol Appl Meteor 26:698-711
17. Lal M, Harasawa H, Murdiyarso D, Adger WN, Adhikary S, Ando M, Anokhin Y, Cruz RV, Co-authors (2001) Asia. Climate change 2001: impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability. In: McCarthy JJ, Canziani OF, Leary NA, Dokken DJ, White KS (eds) Contribution of working group II to the third assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 533-590
18. Leamer EE (1978) Specification searches: Ad Hoc inference with nonexperimental data. Wiley, New York
19. Lee PM (1989) Bayesian statistics. Edward Arnold, London
20. Lettermaier DP et al (1994) Hydroclimatological trends in the continental United States 1949-88. J Climate 7:586-607
21. Maheras P (1989) Principal component analysis of western Mediterranean air Temperaturevariation 1866-1985. Theor Appl Clima-tol 39:137-145
22. Mendenhall W, Sincich T (1991) Statistics for engineering and the sciences. Macmillan, London
23. Onate JJ, Pou A (1996) Temperature variation in Spain since 1901: a preliminary analysis. Int J Climatol 16:805-815
24. Plantico MS et al (1990) Is recent climate changes across the United States related to the rising levels of anthropogenic greenhouse gases. J Geophys Res 95:16617-16637
25. Repapis Ch (1984) Air temperature fluctuation in Athens and in the Northern Hemisphere and their probable processes. Monography, University of Athens
26. Triola MF (1989) Elementary statistics, 4/e. Cummings, New York
27. Turkes MF et al (1996) Observed changed in maximum and minimum temperatures in Turkey. Int J Climatol 16:463-477
28. Walsh JE, Chapman WL (1990) Short-term climatic variability of the Arctic. J Climate 3:237-250
29. Wigley TMI, and Farmer G (1982) Climate of the Eastern Mediterranean and near East. in Paleocl paleoenvir and human communication in Eastern Mediter Reg in later prehistory, Bintliff JL, VanZeist E (eds) Bar Intern Ser 133, pp 37
30. Youn YH (2005) The climate variability of air temperature around the Korean Peninsula. Adv Atmos Sci 22(4):575-584