Gold mineralization at the syenite-hosted Beattie gold deposit, Duparquet, Neoarchean Abitibi belt, Canada

Economic Geology

Volumn 110, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 315-335

  Bigot, Ludovic ^a,b   Jébrak, Michel ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À MONTRÉAL   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À CHICOUTIMI   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DEPOSITS; GRADING; HEMATITE; LITHOLOGY; MINERALOGY; PYRITES; SILICA; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY; SULFUR COMPOUNDS;

GOLD MINERALIZATION; GOLD REMOBILIZATION; HYDROTHERMAL ACTIVITY; HYDROTHERMAL FLUIDS; METAMORPHIC FLUIDS; MULTISTAGE PROCESS; REDUCING CONDITIONS; SULFIDE PRECIPITATION;

GOLD DEPOSITS;

DEPOSITION; FAULT ZONE; GOLD; LITHOLOGY; MINERALIZATION; PARAGENESIS; SEDIMENT CORE; SYENITE;

ABITIBI BELT; CANADA;

EID: 84922032839     PISSN: 03610128     EISSN: 15540774     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2113/econgeo.110.2.315     Document Type: Article

References (87)

1. Ayer, J., Amelin, Y., Corfu, F., Kamo, S., Ketchum, J., Kwok, K., and Trowell, N., 2002, Evolution of the southern Abitibi greenstone belt based on U-Pb geochronology: Autochthonous volcanic construction followed by plutonism, regional deformation and sedimentation: Precambrian Research, v. 115, p. 63-95.
2. Ayer, J.A., Thurston, P.C., Bateman, R., Dube, B., Gibson, H.L., Hamilton, M.A., Hathway, B., Hocker, S.M., Houle, M.G., Hudak, G., Ispolatov, V.O., Lafrance, B., Lesher, C.M., MacDonald, P.J., Peloquin, A.S., Piercey, S.J., Reed, L.E., and Thompson, P.H., 2005, Overview of results from the greenstone architecture project; Discover Abitibi initiative: Ontario Geological Survey Open File Report 6154, 125 p.
3. Barker, S.L., Hickey, K.A., Cline, J.S., Dipple, G.M., Kilburn, M.R., Vaughan, J.R., and Longo, A.A., 2009, Uncloaking invisible gold: Use of nanoSIMS to evaluate gold, trace elements, and sulfur isotopes in pyrite from Carlin-type gold deposit: Economic Geology, v. 104, p. 897-904.
4. Barton, Jr., P.B., 1969, Thermochemical study of the system Fe-As-S: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 33, p. 841-857.
5. Bedard, J.H., Harris, L.B., and Thurston, P., 2013, The hunting of the snArc: Precambrian Research, v. 229, p. 20-48.
6. Benn, K., and Peschler, A., 2005, A detachment fold model for fault zones in the late Archean Abitibi greenstone belt: Tectonophysics, v. 400, p. 85-104.
7. Bevan, P.A., 2009, Technical report on the Beattie-Donchester gold mine property for Clifton Star Resources Inc., 42 p.
8. Bigot, L., 2012, Gold mineralizations at the syenite-hosted Beattie gold deposit at Duparquet, Neoarchean Abitibi belt, Quebec, Canada: Unpublished M.Sc. thesis, Montreal, Canada, Université du Québec à Montréal, 136 p.
9. Bigot, L., Schumann, D., Nadeau, O., Jébrak., M., and Vali, H., 2014, Characterization of invisible gold at the Beattie gold deposit, Abitibi, Canada: Geological Association of Canada, Mineralogical Association of Canada, Joint Annual Meeting, Fredericton, Canada, 2014, Abstracts, v. 37, p. 29-30.
10. Bleeker, W., and Parrish, R.R., 1996, Stratigraphy and U-Pb zircon geochronology of Kidd Creek: Implications for the formation of giant volcanogenic massive sulphide deposits and the tectonic history of the Abitibi greenstone belt: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 33, p. 1213-1231.
11. Bonnemaison, M., and Marcoux, E., 1990, Auriferous mineralization in some shear-zones: A three-stage model of metallogenesis: Mineralium Deposita, v. 25, p. 96-104.
12. Bourdeau, J.E., 2013, Petrology, mineralogy and geochemistry of the Beattie syenite and country rocks, Abitibi greenstone belt, Québec: Unpublished M.Sc. thesis, Ottawa, Canada, University of Ottawa, 413 p.
13. Brown, S.M., Johnson, C.A., Watling, R.J., and Premo, W.R., 2003, Constraints on the composition of ore fluids and implications for mineralising events at the Cleo gold deposit, Eastern Goldfields Province, Western Australia: Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 50, p. 19-38.
14. Cabri, L.J., Chryssoulis, S.L., Villiers, J.P.R.D., Laflamme, J.H.G., and Buseck, P.R., 1989, The nature of "invisible" gold in arsenopyrite: The Canadian Mineralogist, v. 27, p. 353-362.
15. Cameron, E.M., and Hattori, K., 1987, Archean gold mineralization and oxidized hydrothermal fluids: Economic Geology, v. 82, p. 1177-1191.
16. Candela, P.A., 1986, Generalized mathematical models for the fractional evolution of vapor from magmas in terrestrial planetary crusts, in Saxena, S.K., eds., Advances in physical geochemistry: New York, Springer-Verlag, v. 6, p. 362-398.
17. Cathelineau, M., Boiron, M.C., Holliger, P., Marion, P., and Denis, M., 1989, Gold in arsenopyrites: Crystal chemistry, location and state, physical and chemical conditions of deposition: Economic Geology Monograph 6, p. 328-341.
18. Cepedal, A., Fuertes-Fuente, M., Martin-Izard, A., Gonzalez-Nistal, S., and Barrero, M., 2008, Gold-bearing As-rich pyrite and arsenopyrite from the El Valle gold deposit, Asturias, northwestern Spain: The Canadian Mineralogist, v. 46, p. 233-247.
19. Chown, E.H., Daigneault, R., Mueller, W., and Mortensen, J.K., 1992, Tectonic evolution of the Northern volcanic zone, Abitibi belt, Quebec: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 29, p. 2211-2225.
20. Colvine, A.C., 1989, An empirical model for the formation of Archean gold deposits: Products of final cratonization of the Superior Province, Canada: Economic Geology Monograph 6, p. 37-53.
21. Cook, N.J., and Chryssoulis, S.L., 1990, Concentration of "invisible gold" in the common sulfides: The Canadian Mineralogist, v. 28, p. 1-16.
22. Cook, N.J., Ciobanu, C.L., and Mao, J., 2009, Textural control on gold distribution in As-free pyrite from the Dongping, Huangtuliang and Hougou gold deposits, North China craton (Hebei Province, China): Chemical Geology, v. 264, p. 101-121.
23. Corfu, F., 1993, The evolution of the southern Abitibi greenstone belt in light of precise U-Pb geochronology: Economic Geology, v. 88, p. 1323-1340.
24. Corfu, F., Jackson, S.L., and Sutcliffe, R.H., 1991, U-Pb ages and tectonic significance of late alkali magmatism and non-marine sedimentation: Timiskaming Group, southern Abitibi belt, Ontario: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 28, p. 489-503.
25. Daigneault, R., Mueller, W.U., and Chown, E.H., 2002, Oblique Archean subduction: Accretion and exhumation of an oceanic arc during dextral transpression, Southern volcanic zone, Abitibi subprovince Canada: Precambrian Research, v. 115, p. 261-290.
26. David, J., Dion, C., Goutier, J., Roy, P., Bandyayera, D., Legault, M., and Rhéaume, P., 2006, Datations U-Pb effectuées dans la Sous-province de l'Abitibi à la suite des travaux de 2004-2005: Ministère des Ressources Naturelles et Faune, RP 2006-04, 22 p.
27. Davidson, S., and Banfield, A.F., 1944, Geology of the Beattie gold mine, Duparquet, Quebec: Economic Geology, v. 39, p. 535-556.
28. Davis, D.W., 1992, U-Pb dating of detrital zircon in sediments in the Pontiac and Abitibi subprovinces; preliminary results: Lithoprobe Report 19, p. 33-35.
29. Dimroth, E., Imreh, L., Rocheleau, M., and Goulet, N., 1982, Evolution of the south-central part of the Archean Abitibi belt, Quebec; Part I, Stratigraphy and paleogeographic model: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 19, p. 1729-1758.
30. Dinel, E., Fowler, A.D., Ayer, J., Still, A., Tylee, K., and Barr, E., 2008, Lithogeochemical and stratigraphic controls on gold mineralization within the metavolcanic rocks of the Hoyle Pond mine, Timmins, Ontario: Economic Geology, v. 103, p. 1341-1363.
31. Dolejs, D., and Manning, C.E., 2010, Thermodynamic model for mineral solubility in aqueous fluids; theory, calibration and application to model fluid flow systems: Geofluids, v. 10, p. 20-40.
32. Doucet, P., Goutier, J., Melaçon, M., and Ste-Croix, L., 2000, L'Abitibi: Un centenaire d'exploration et de succès minier: Ministère des Ressources Naturelles, Faune et Parcs, Québec, DV 2000-03, 44 p.
33. Field, C.W., and Fifarek, R.H., 1985, Light stable-isotope systematics in the epithermal environment: Reviews in Economic Geology, v. 2, p. 99-128.
34. Fleet, M.E., Chryssoulis, S.L., Davidson, R., Weisener, C.G., and Maclean, P.J., 1993, Arsenian pyrite from gold deposits: Au and As distribution investigated by SIMS and EMP, and color staining and surface oxidation by XPS and LIMS: The Canadian Mineralogist, v. 31, p. 1-17.
35. Genkin, A.D., Bortnikov, N.S., Cabri, L.J., Wagner, F.E., Stanley, C.J., Safonov, Y.G., McMahon, G., Friedl, J., Kerzin, A.L., and Gamyanin, G.N., 1998, A multidisciplinary study of invisible gold in arsenopyrite from four mesothermal gold deposits in Siberia, Russian Federation: Economic Geology, v. 93, p. 463-487.
36. Goldfarb, R.J., Baker, T., Dubé, B., Groves, D.I., Hart, C.J.R., and Gosselin, P., 2005, Distribution, character, and genesis of gold deposits in metamorphic terranes: Economic Geology 100th Anniversary Volume, p. 407-450.
37. Goutier, J., and Lacroix, S., 1992, Géologie du secteur de la faille de Por-cupine-Destor dans les cantons de Destor et Duparquet : Ministère de l'Énergie et des Ressources, Québec, MB 92-06, 67 p.
38. Graham, R.B., 1954, Parts of Hebecourt, Duparquet and Destor township, Abitibi-West County: Department of Mines, Quebec, RG061, 80 p.
39. Grant, J., 2005, Isocon analysis: A brief review of the method and applications: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, v. 30, p. 997-1004.
40. Groves, D.I., Goldfarb, R.J., Gebre-Mariam, M., Hagemann, S.G., and Robert, F., 1998, Orogenic gold deposits: A proposed classification in the context of their crustal distribution and relationship to other gold deposit types: Ore Geology Reviews, v. 13, p. 7-27.
41. Groves, D.I., Goldfarb, R.J., Robert, F., and Hart, C.J.R., 2003, Gold deposits in metamorphic belts: Overview of current understanding, outstanding problems, future research, and exploration significance: Economic Geology, v. 98, p. 1-29.
42. Hart, C.J.R., 2005, Classifying, distinguishing and exploring for intrusion-related gold systems: Geological Association of Canada, Mineralogical Association of Canada, Joint Annual Meeting, Halifax, Canada, 2005, Abstracts, v. 30, p. 81-81.
43. Hart, C.J.R., 2007, Reduced intrusion-related gold systems: Geological Association of Canada, Mineral Deposits Division, Special Publication, no. 5, p. 95-112.
44. Helt, M.K., Williams-Jones, A.E., Clark, J.R., Boswell, A.W., and Wares, R.P., 2014, Constraints on the genesis of the Archean oxidized, intrusion-related Canadian Malartic gold deposit, Quebec, Canada: Economic Geology, v. 109, p. 713-735.
45. Hronsky, J.M.A., Groves, D.I., Loucks, R.R., and Begg, G.C., 2012, A unified model for gold mineralisation in accretionary orogens and implications for regional-scale exploration targeting methods: Mineralium Deposita, v. 47, p. 339-358.
46. Ispolatov, V., Lafrance, B., Dubé, B., Creaser, R., and Hamilton, M., 2008, Geologic and structural setting of gold mineralization in the Kirkland Lake-Larder Lake gold belt, Ontario: Economic Geology, v. 103, p. 1309-1340.
47. Jébrak, M., 1997, Hydrothermal breccias in vein type ore deposit: A review of mechanisms, morphology and size distribution: Ore Geology Reviews, v. 12, p. 111-134.
48. Kerrich, R., Polat, A., and Xie, Q., 2008, Geochemical systematics of 2.7 Ga Kinojevis Group (Abitibi), and Manitouwadge and Winston Lake (Wawa) Fe-rich basalt-rhyolite associations: Backarc rift oceanic crust?: Lithos, v. 101, p. 1-23.
49. Kovalev, K.R., Kalinin, Y., Naumov, E.A., Kolesnikova, M.K., and Korolyuk, V.N., 2011, Gold-bearing arsenopyrite in eastern Kazakhstan gold-sulfide deposits: Russian Geology and Geophysics, v. 52, p. 178-192.
50. Kretschmar, U., and Scott, S.D., 1976, Phase relations involving arsenopyrite in the system Fe-As-S and their application: The Canadian Mineralogist, v. 14, p. 364-386.
51. Lang, J.R., and Baker, T., 2001, Intrusion-related gold systems: The present level of understanding: Mineralium Deposita, v. 36, p. 477-489.
52. Large, R.R., Maslennikov, V.V., Robert, F., Danyushevsky, L.V., and Chang, Z., 2007, Multistage sedimentary and metamorphic origin of pyrite and gold in the giant Sukhoi Log deposit, Lena gold province, Russia: Economic Geology, v. 102, p. 1233-1267.
53. Large, R.R., Meffre, S., Burnett, R., Guy, B., Bull, S., Gilbert, S., Goemann, K., and Danyushevsky, L., 2013, Evidence for an intrabasinal source and multiple concentration processes in the formation of the Carbon Leader Reef, Witwatersrand Supergroup, South Africa: Economic Geology, v. 108, p. 1215-1241.
54. Legault, M., Goutier, J., Baudoin, G., and Aucoin, M., 2005, Synthese metallogenique de la faille Destor-Porcupine: Ministère des Ressources Naturelles et de la Faune, Québec, ET 2005-01, 37 p.
55. Linnen, R., 2012, Syenite-hosted gold mineralization at the Young-Davidson deposit: Short course intrusion related gold in the Abitibi: Theory and application to exploration: London, Canada, University of Western Ontario, Program, p. 92-98.
56. Mair, J.L., Farmer, G.L., Groves, D.I., Hart, C.J.R., and Goldfarb, R.J., 2011, Petrogenesis of postcollisional magmatism at scheelite dome, Yukon, Canada: Evidence for a lithospheric mantle source for magmas associated with intrusion-related gold systems: Economic Geology, v. 106, p. 451-480.
57. Martin-Izard, A., and Rodríguez-Terente, L., 2009, Invisible gold at the Salave deposit, NW Spain: Society for Geology Applied to Mineral Deposits (SGA), 10th Biennial SGA Meeting, Townsville, Australia, 2009, Proceedings, p. 725-727.
58. McCuaig, T.C., and Kerrich, R., 1998, P-T-t-deformation-fluid characteristics of lode gold deposits: Evidence from alteration systematics: Ore Geology Reviews, v. 12, p. 381-453.
59. Mexias, A.S., Berger, G., Gomes, M.E.B., Formoso, M.L.L., Dani, N., Frantz, J.C., and Bongiolo, E.M., 2005, Geochemical modeling of gold precipitation conditions in the Bloco do Butia mine, Lavras do Sul, Brazil: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, v. 77, p. 717-728.
60. Mikucki, E.J., 1998, Hydrothermal transport and depositional processes in Archean lode-gold systems; a review: Ore Geology Reviews, v. 13, p. 307-321.
61. Mikucki, E.J., and Roberts, F.I., 2004, Metamorphic petrography of the Kalgoorlie region, Eastern Goldfields granite-greenstone terrane: METPET Database: Geological Survey of Western Australia Record, 2003/12, 40 p.
62. Morey, A.A., Tomkins, A.G., Bierlein, F.P., Weinberg, R.F., and Davidson, G.J., 2008, Bimodal distribution of gold in pyrite and arsenopyrite: Examples from the Archean Boorara and Bardoc shear systems, Yilgarn craton, Western Australia: Economic Geology, v. 103, p. 599-614.
63. Mueller, W.U., Daigneault, R., Mortensen, J.K., and Chown, E.H., 1996, Archean terrane docking: Upper crust collision tectonics, Abitibi greenstone belt, Quebec, Canada: Tectonophysics, v. 265, p. 127-150.
64. Mumin, A.H., Fleet, M.E., and Chryssoulis, S., 1994, Gold mineralization in As-rich mesothermal gold ores of the Bogosu-Prestea mining district of the Ashanti gold belt, Ghana; remobilization of invisible gold: Mineralium Deposita, v. 29, p. 445-460.
65. Oliver, N.H.S., 1996, Review and classification of structural controls on fluid flow during regional metamorphism: Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 14, p. 477-492.
66. Palenik, C.S., Utsunomiya, S., Reich, M., Kesler, S.E., Wang, L., and Ewing, R.C., 2004, Invisible gold revealed: Direct imaging of gold nanoparticles in a Carlin-type deposit: American Mineralogist, v. 89, p. 1359-1366.
67. Panina, L.I., and Motorina, I.V., 2008, Liquid immiscibility in deep-seated magmas and the generation of carbonatite melts: Geochemistry International, v. 46, p. 443-464.
68. Peschler, A.P., Benn, K., and Roest, W.R., 2006, Gold-bearing fault zones related to late Archean orogenic folding of upper and middle crust in the Abitibi granite-greenstone belt, Ontario: Precambrian Research, v. 151, p. 143-159.
69. Pokrovski, G.S., Akinfiev, N.N., Borisova, A.Y., Zotov, A.V., and Kouzmanov, K., 2014, Gold speciation and transport in geological fluids: Insights from experiments and physical-chemical modelling: Geological Society, London, Special Publications, v. 402, 62 p.
70. Powell, W.G., Carmichael, D.M., and Hodgson, C.J., 1995, Conditions and timing of metamorphism in the southern Abitibi greenstone belt, Quebec: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 32, p. 787-805.
71. Putnis, A., 2002, Mineral replacement reactions; from macroscopic observations to microscopic mechanisms: Mineralogical Magazine, v. 66, p. 689-708.
72. Reich, M., Kesler, S., Utsunomiya, S., Palenik, C., Chryssoulis, S., and Ewing, R., 2005, Solubility of gold in arsenian pyrite: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 69, p. 2781-2796.
73. Robert, F., 1994, Vein fields in gold districts; the example of Val d'Or, southeastern Abitibi subprovince, Quebec, Canada: Geological Survey of Canada, Current Research 1994-C, Canadian Shield, Ottawa, Canada, p. 295-302.
74. Robert, F., 2001, Syenite associated disseminated gold deposit in the Abitibi greenstone belt, Canada: Mineralium Deposita, v. 36, p. 505-516.
75. Romberger, S.B., 1986, The solution chemistry of gold applied to the origin of hydrothermal deposits: Canadian Institute of Mining Special, v. 38, p. 168-186.
76. Rowins, S.M., Lalonde, A.E., and Cameron, E.M., 1991, Magmatic oxidation in the syenitic Murdock Creek intrusion, Kirkland Lake, Ontario: Evidence from the ferromagnesian silicates: Journal of Geology, v. 99, p. 395-414.
77. Rowins, S.M., Cameron, E.M., Lalonde, A.E., and Ernst, R.E., 1993, Petrogenesis of the late Archean syenitic Murdock Creek pluton, Kirkland Lake, Ontario: Evidence for an extensional tectonic setting: Canadian Mineralogist, v. 31, p. 219-244.
78. Rowins, S.M., Groves, D.I., McNaughton, N.J., Palmer, M.R., and Eldridge, C.S., 1997, A reinterpretation of the role of granitoids in the genesis of Neoproterozoic gold mineralization in the Telfer dome, Western Australia: Economic Geology, v. 92, p. 133-160.
79. Seward, T.M., 2014, The chemistry of metal transport and deposition by ore forming hydrothermal fluids, in Turekian, K., and Scott, S.D., eds., Treatise on geochemistry, 2nd edition: Amsterdam, Elsevier, v. 13, p. 29-57.
80. Sharp, Z.D., Essene, E.J., and Kelly, W.C., 1985, A re-examination of the arsenopyrite geothermometer: Pressure considerations and applications to natural assemblages: Canadian Mineralogist, v. 23, p. 517-534.
81. Su, W., Zhang, H., Hu, R., Ge, X., Xia, B., Chen, Y., and Zhu, C., 2012, Mineralogy and geochemistry of gold-bearing arsenian pyrite from the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit, Guizhou, China: Implications for gold depositional processes: Mineralium Deposita, v. 47, p. 653-662.
82. Sung, Y.H., Brugger, J., Ciobanu, C.L., Pring, A., Skinner, W., and Nugus, M., 2009, Invisible gold in arsenian pyrite and arsenopyrite from a multistage Archaean gold deposit: Sunrise Dam, Eastern Goldfields Province, Western Australia: Mineralium Deposita, v. 44, p. 765-791.
83. Van Hees, E.H.P., Shelton, K.L., McMenamy, T.A., Ross, L.M., Cousens, B.L., Falck, H., Robb, M.E., and Canam, T.W., 1999, Metasedimentary influence on metavolcanic-rock-hosted greenstone gold deposits: Geochemistry of the Giant mine, Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada: Geology, v. 27, p. 71-74.
84. Vaughan, J.P., and Kyin, A., 2004, Refractory gold ores in Archaean greenstones, Western Australia; mineralogy, gold paragenesis, metallurgical characterization and classification: Mineralogical Magazine, v. 68, p. 255-277.
85. Williamson, K., Brousseau, K., Pelletier, C., Roy, L., Poirier, S., Dreisinger, D., and Arpin, M., 2013, Technical report and mineral resource estimate for the Duparquet project for Clifton Star Resources Inc., 220 p.
86. Witt, W.K., 1992, Porphyry intrusions and albitites in the Bardoc-Kalgoorlie area, Western Australia and their role in the Archean epigenetic gold mineralization: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 29, p. 1609-1622.
87. Zhang, P.L., Machado, N., Ludden, J., and Moore, D., 1993, Geotectonic constraints fro U-Pb ages from the Black River Group, the Kinojévis Group and the Normétal mine area, Abitibi, Québec: Geological Association of Canada, Mineralogical Association of Canada, Joint Annual Meeting, Edmonton, Canada, 1993, Program and Abstracts, v. 18, p. A114.