The role of small-scale ion injections in the buildup of Earth's ring current pressure: Van Allen Probes observations of the 17 March 2013 storm

Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

Volumn 119, Issue 9, 2014, Pages 7327-7342

  Gkioulidou, Matina ^a   Ukhorskiy, A Y ^a   Mitchell, D G ^a   Sotirelis, T ^a   Mauk, B H ^a   Lanzerotti, L J ^b  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY APPLIED PHYSICS LABORATORY   (United States)

^b NEW JERSEY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

geomagnetic storms; ion injections; ring current

Indexed keywords

EID: 84921801208     PISSN: 21699380     EISSN: 21699402     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/2014JA020096     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Akasofu, S.-I., (1964), IThe development of the auroral substorm, Planet. Space Sci., 12 (4), 273-282, ISSN 0032-0633, doi: 10.1016/0032-0633(64)90151-5.
2. Akasofu, S.-I., S. DeForest, and, C. E. McIlwain, (1974), Auroral displays near the +ACY-quot+ADs-foot+ACY-quot+ADs- of the field line of the ATS-5 satellite, Planet. Space Sci., 22, 25-28.
3. Alexeev, I. I., E. S. Belenkaya, V. V. Kalegaev, Y. I. Feldstein, and, A. Grafe, (1996), Magnetic storms and magnetotail currents, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 7737-7747, doi: 10.1029/95JA03509.
4. Angelopoulos, V., W. Baumjohann, C. F. Kennel, F. V. Coroniti, M. G. Kivelson, R. Pellat, R. J. Walker, and, G. Paschmann, (1992), Bursty bulk flows in the inner central plasma sheet, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 4027-4039, doi: 10.1029/91JA02701.
5. Axford, W. I., (1969), Magnetospheric convection, Rev. Geophys, 7, 421-459, doi: 10.1029/RG007i001p00421.
6. Baumjohann, W., and, R. Treumann, (2004), Basic Space Plasma Physics, Imperial College Press, London, U. K.
7. Baumjohann, W., G. Paschmann, and, H. Lu+ACY-die+ADs-hr, (1990), Characteristics of high-speed ion flows in the plasma sheet, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 3801-3809, doi: 10.1029/JA095iA04p03801.
8. Brandt, P. C., S. Ohtani, D. G. Mitchell, M.-C. Fok, E. C. Roelof, and, R. Demajistre, (2002), Global ENA observations of the storm main phase ring current: Implications for skewed electric fields in the inner magnetosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29 (20), 1954, doi: 10.1029/2002GL015160.
9. Chen, M. W., L. R. Lyons, and, M. Schulz, (1994), Simulations of phase space distributions of storm time proton ring current, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 5745-5759, doi: 10.1029/93JA02771.
10. Daglis, I. A., R. Thorne, W. Baumjohann, and, S. Orsini, (1999), The terrestrial ring current: Origin, formation, and decay, Rev. Geophys., 37, 407-438, doi: 10.1029/1999RG900009.
11. Daglis, I. A., Y. Kamide, C. Monikis, G. D. Reeves, E. T. Sarris, K. Shiokawa, and, B. Wilken, (2000), +ACY-quot+ADs- Fine structure+ACY-quot+ADs- of the storm-substorm relationship: Ion injections during DST decrease, Adv. Space Res., 25 (12), 2369-2372, doi: 10.1016/S0273-1177(99)00525-6.
12. Dessler, A. J., and, E. N. Parker, (1959), Hydromagnetic theory of geomagneticstorms, J. Geophys. Res., 64, 2239-2252, doi: 10.1029/JZ064i012p02239.
13. Dubyagin, S., V. Sergeev, S. Apatenkov, V. Angelopoulos, A. Runov, R. Nakamura, W. Baumjohann, J. McFadden, and, D. Larson, (2011), Can flow bursts penetrate into the inner magnetosphere?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L08102, doi: 10.1029/2011GL047016.
14. Ebihara, Y., and, M. Ejiri, (2000), Simulation study on fundamental properties of the storm-time ring current, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 15,843-15,859, doi: 10.1029/1999JA900493.
15. Fok, M.-C., T. E. Moore, and, D. C. Delcourt, (1999), Modeling of inner plasma sheet and ring current during substorms, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 14,557-14,569, doi: 10.1029/1999JA900014.
16. Fok, M. C., R. A. Wolf, R. W. Spiro, and, T. E. Moore, (2001), Comprehensive computational model of Earth's ring current, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 8417-8424, doi: 10.1029/2000JA000235.
17. Gabrielse, C., V. Angelopoulos, A. Runov, and, D. L. Turner, (2014), Statistical characteristics of particle injections throughout the equatorial magnetotail, J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 119, 2512-2535, doi: 10.1002/2013JA019638.
18. Ganushkina, N. Y., T. I. Pulkkinen, and, T. Fritz, (2005), Role of substorm-associated impulsive electric fields in the ring current development during storms, Ann. Geophys., 23, 579-591.
19. Ganushkina, N., T. I. Pulkkinen, M. Liemohn, and, A. Milillo, (2006), Evolution of the proton ring current energy distribution during April 21-25, 2001 storm, J. Geophys. Res., 111, A11S08, doi: 10.1029/2006JA011609.
20. Henderson, M. G., G. D. Reeves, H. E. Spence, R. B. Sheldon, A. M. Jorgensen, J. B. Blake, and, J. F. Fennell, (1997), First energetic neutral atom images from polar, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 1167-1170, doi: 10.1029/97GL01162.
21. Hoffman, R. A., J. W. Gjerloev, L. A. Frank, and, J. W. Sigwarth, (2010), Are there optical differences between storm-time substorms and isolated substorms?, Ann. Geophys., 28, 1183-1198, doi: 10.5194/angeo-28-1183-2010.
22. Hori, T., A. T. Y. Lui, S. Ohtani, P. C.:s. Brandt, B. H. Mauk, R. W. McEntire, K. Maezawa, T. Mukai, Y. Kasaba, and, H. Hayakawa, (2005), Storm-time convection electric field in the near-Earth plasma sheet, J. Geophys. Res., 110, A04213, doi: 10.1029/2004JA010449.
23. Jordanova, V. K., S. Zaharia, and, D. T. Welling, (2010), Comparative study of ring current development using empirical, dipolar, and self-consistent magnetic field simulations, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A00J11, doi: 10.1029/2010JA015671.
24. Kletzing, C. A., et al. (2013), The Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS) on RBSP, Space Sci. Rev., 179, 127-181, doi: 10.1007/s11214-013-9993-6.
25. Knipp, D. J., and, B. A. Emery, (1997), A report on the community study of the early November 1993 geomagnetic storm, Adv. Space Res., 20 (5), 895.
26. Kozyra, J. U., V. K. Jordanova, J. E. Borovsky, M. F. Thomsen, D. J. Knipp, D. S. Evans, D. J. McComas, and, T. E. Cayton, (1998), Effects of a high-density plasma sheet on ring current development during the November 2-6, 1993, magnetic storm, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 26,285-26,305, doi: 10.1029/98JA01964.
27. Lemon, C., R. A. Wolf, T. W. Hill, S. Sazykin, R. W. Spiro, F. R. Toffoletto, J. Birn, and, M. Hesse, (2004), Magnetic storm ring current injection modeled with the Rice Convection Model and a self-consistent magnetic field, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L21801, doi: 10.1029/2004GL020914.
28. Liemohn, M. W., (2003), Yet another caveat to using the Dessler-Parker-Sckopke relation, J. Geophys. Res., 108 (A6), 1251, doi: 10.1029/2003JA009839.
29. Liemohn, M. W., J. U. Kozyra, V. K. Jordanova, G. V. Khazanov, M. F. Thomsen, and, T. E. Cayton, (1999), Analysis of early phase ring current recovery mechanisms during geomagnetic storms, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 2845-2848, doi: 10.1029/1999GL900611.
30. Lui, A. T. Y., R. W. McEntire, and, S. M. Krimigis, (1987), Evolution of the ring current during two geomagnetic storms, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 7459-7470, doi: 10.1029/JA092iA07p07459.
31. Lyons, L., and, D. Williams, (1980), A source for the geomagnetic storm main phase ring current, J. Geophys. Res., 85, 523-530, doi: 10.1029/JA085iA02p00523.
32. Mauk, B. H., N. J. Fox, S. G. Kanekal, R. L. Kessel, D. G. Sibeck, and, A. Ukhorskiy, (2012), Science Objectives and Rationale for the Radiation Belt Storm Probes Mission, Space Sci. Rev., doi: 10.1007/s11214-012-9908-y.
33. Mitchell, D. G., K. C. Hsieh, C. C. Curtis, D. C. Hamilton, H. D. Voss, E. C. Roelof, and, P. C. son Brandt, (2001), Imaging Two GeomagneticStorms in Energetic Neutral Atoms, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1151-115, doi: 10.1029/2000GL012395.
34. Mitchell, D. G., P. C. Brandt, E. C. Roelof, D. C. Hamilton, K. C. Retterer, and, S. Mende, (2003), Global imaging of O+fro- IMAGE/HENA, Space Sci. Rev., 109, 63-75, doi: 10.1023/B:SPAC.0000007513.55076.00.
35. Mitchell, D., et al. (2013), Radiation Belt Storm Probes Ion Composition Experiment (RBSPICE), Space Sci. Rev., doi: 10.1007/s11214-013-9965-x.
36. H. Koshiishi, H. Matsumoto, P. C. son Brandt, K. Keika, K. Koga, T. Goka, and, T. Obara, (2010), Magnetic field dipolarization in the deep inner magnetosphere and its role in development of O+-rich ring current, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A00J03, doi: 10.1029/2010JA015321.
37. Ohtani, S., M. Nose+ACY-acute+ADs-, G. Rostoker, H. Singer, A. T. Y. Lui, and, M. Nakamura, (2001), Storm-substorm relationship: Contribution of the tail current to Dst, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 21,199-21,209, doi: 10.1029/2000JA000400.
38. Ohtani, S., H. J. Singer, and, T. Mukai, (2006), Effects of the fast plasma sheet flow on the geosynchronous magnetic configuration: Geotail and GOES coordinated study, J. Geophys. Res., 111, A01204, doi: 10.1029/2005JA011383.
39. Parks, G. K., (2004), Physics of Space Plasmas: An introduction, Westview Press, Boulder, Colo.
40. Pembroke, A., F. Toffoletto, S. Sazykin, M. Wiltberger, J. Lyon, V. Merkin, and, P. Schmitt, (2012), Initial results from a dynamic coupled magnetosphere-ionosphere-ring current model, J. Geophys. Res., 117, A02211, doi: 10.1029/2011JA016979.
41. Reeves, G. D., and, M. G. Henderson, (2001), The storm-substorm relation- ship: Ion injections in geosynchronous measurements and composite energetic neutral atom images, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 5833-5844, doi: 10.1029/2000JA003017.
42. Roelof, E. C., D. G. Mitchell, and, D. J. Williams, (1985), Energetic neutral atoms (E+ACY-mu+ADs-50keV) from the ring current-IMP 7/8 and ISEE-1, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 10,991-11,008, doi: 10.1029/JA090iA11p10991.
43. Rowland, D. E., and, J. R. Wygant, (1998), Dependence of the large-scale, inner magnetospheric electric field on geomagnetic activity, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 14,959-14,964, doi: 10.1029/97JA03524.
44. Runov, A., V. Angelopoulos, M. I. Sitnov, V. A. Sergeev, M. Bonnell, J. P. McFadden, D. Larson, K. H. Glassmeier, and, U. Auster, (2009), THEMIS observations of an earthward-propagating dipolarization front. Geophys. Res. Lett. 36, L14106. doi: 10.1029/2009GL038980.
45. Runov, A., V. Angelopoulos, X.-Z. Zhou, X. J. Zhang, S. Li, F. Plaschke, and, J. Bonnell, (2011), A THEMIS multicase study of dipolarization fronts in the magnetotail plasma sheet, J. Geophys. Res., 116. A05216, doi: 10.1029/2010JA016316.
46. Sckopke, N., (1966), A general relation between the energy of trapped particles and the disturbance field near the Earth, J. Geophys. Res., 71, 3125-3130, doi: 10.1029/JZ071i013p03125.
47. Sergeev, V. A., I. A. Chernyaev, S. V. Dubyagin, Y. Miyashita, V. Angelopoulos, P. D. Boakes, R. Nakamura, and, M. G. Henderson, (2012), Energetic particle injections to geostationary orbit: Relationship to flow bursts and magnetospheric state, J. Geophys. Res., 117, A10207, doi: 10.1029/2012JA017773.
48. Thomsen, M. F., J. Birn, J. E. Borovsky, K. Morzinski, D. J. McComas, and, G. D. Reeves, (2001), Two-satellite observations of substorm injectionsat geosynchronous orbit, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 8405-8416, doi: 10.1029/2000JA000080.
49. Toffoletto, F., S. Sazykin, R. Spiro, and, R. Wolf, (2003), Inner magnetospheric modeling with the Rice convection model, Space Sci. Rev., 107, 175-196, doi: 10.1023/A:1025532008047.
50. Tsyganenko, N. A., and, M. I. Sitnov, (2005), Modeling the dynamics of the inner magnetosphere during strong geomagnetic storms, J. Geophys. Res., 110, A03208, doi: 10.1029/2004JA010798.
51. Williams, D. J., and, L. R. Lyons, (1974), Further aspects of the proton ring current interaction with the plasmapause: Main and recovery phases, J. Geophys. Res., 79, 2156-2202.
52. Yang, J., F. R. Toffoletto, X. Xing, and, V. Angelopoulos, (2012), RCM-E simulation of the 13 March 2009 steady magnetospheric convection event, J. Geophys. Res., 117, A03224, doi: 10.1029/2011JA017245.
53. Yu, Y., V. Jordanova, D. Welling, B. Larsen, S. G. Claudepierre, and, C. Kletzing, (2014), The role of ring current particle injections: Global simulations and Van Allen Probes observations during 17 March 2013 storm, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 1126-1132, doi: 10.1002/2014GL059322.
54. Zhou, X.-Z., V. Angelopoulos, V. A. Sergeev, and, A. Runov, (2010), Accelerated ions ahead of earthward propagating dipolarization fronts, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A00I03, doi: 10.1029/2010JA015481.