Definition of choking in sport: Re-conceptualization and debate

International Journal of Sport Psychology

Volumn 44, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 267-277

  Mesagno, Christopher ^a   Hill, Denise M ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BALLARAT   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GLOUCESTERSHIRE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Anxiety; Paradoxical performance; Under performance

Indexed keywords

EID: 84921531101     PISSN: 00470767     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7352/IJSP2013.44.267     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Baumeister, R. F. (1984). Choking under pressure: Self-consciousness and paradoxical effects of incentives on skillful performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 610-620.
2. Baumeister, R. F. & Showers, C. J. (1986). A review of paradoxical performance effects: Choking under pressure in sports and mental tests. European Journal of Social Psychology, 16, 361-383.
3. Beilock, S. L., & Carr, T. H. (2001). On the fragility of skilled performance: What governs choking under pressure? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 130, 701-25.
4. Beilock, S. L., & Gray, R. (2007). Why do athletes "choke" under pressure? In G. Tenenbaum & R. C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology (pp. 425-444). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
5. Clark, T. P., Tofler, I. R., & Lardon, M. T. (2005). The sport psychiatrist and golf. Clinics in Sports Medicine, 24, 959-971.
6. Clarkson, M. (1999). Competitive fire: Insights to developing the warrior mentality of sports champions. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
7. Cooper, C. L., Dewe, P. J., & O'Driscoll, M. (2001). Stress and work organizations: A review and critique of theory, research and applications. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
8. Daniel, M. (1981, December). The choke and what you can do about it. Scholastic Coach, 13, 75-79.
9. Gucciardi, D. E, & Dimmock, J. A. (2008). Choking under pressure in sensorimotor skills: Conscious processing or depleted attentional resources? Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 9, 45-59.
10. Gucciardi, D. R, Longbottom, J., Jackson, B., & Dimmock, J. A. (2010). Experienced golfers' perspectives on choking under pressure, Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 32, 61-83.
11. Hill, D. M., Hanton, S., Fleming, S., & Matthews, N. (2009). A re-examination of choking in sport. European Journal of Sport Science, 9(4), 203-212.
12. Hill, D. M., Hanton, S., Matthews, N., & Fleming, S. (2010a). Choking in sport: A review. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 3(1), 24-39.
13. Hill, D. M., Hanton, S., Matthews, N., & Fleming, S. (2010b). A qualitative exploration of choking in elite golf. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 4, 221-240.
14. Hill, D. M., Hanton, S., Matthews, N., & Fleming, S. (2011). Alleviation of choking under pressure in elite golf: An action research study. The Sport Psychologist, 25, 465-488.
15. Hill, D. M., & Shaw, G. (2013). A qualitative examination of choking under pressure in team sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 14, 103-110.
16. Jordet, G. (2009). Why do English players fail in soccer penalty shootouts? A study of team status, self-regulation, and choking underpressure. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27, 97-106.
17. Jordet, G., Hartman, E., & Vuijk, P. J. (2012). Team history and choking under pressure in major soccer penalty shootouts. British Journal of Psychology, 103, 268-283.
18. Masters, R. S. W. (1992). Knowledge, nerves and know-how. British Journal of Psychology, 83, 343-58.
19. Mesagno, C. (2009, June). Choking under pressure: Toward a self presentation explanation of why athletes use self-monitoring techniques. Paper presented at the 12th World Congress of Sport Psychology, Marrakesh, Morocco.
20. Mesagno, C, Harvey, J. T, & Janelle, C. M. (2011). Self presentation origins of choking: Evidence from separate pressure manipulations. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 33, 441-459.
21. Mesagno, C, Harvey, J. T, & Janelle, C. M. (2012). Choking under pressure: The role of fear ol negative evaluation. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13, 60-68.
22. Mesagno, C, Marchant, D., & Morris, T. (2008). A pre-performance routine to alleviate choking in "choking-susceptible" athletes. The Sport Psychologist, 22, 439-457.
23. Mesagno, C, & Mullane-Grant, T. (2010). A comparison of different pre-perlormance routines as possible choking interventions. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 22, 343-360.
24. Often, M. (2009). Choking vs. clutch: A study of sport performance under pressure. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 31, 583-601.
25. Oudejans, R. R. D., & Pijpers, J. R. (2009). Training with anxiety has a positive effect on expert perceptual-motor performance under pressure. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 62, 1631-1647.
26. Reeves, J. L., Tenenbaum, G., & Lidor, R. (2007). Choking in front of the goal: The effects of self-consciousness training. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 3, 240-254.
27. Vickers, J., & Williams, M. (2007). Performing under pressure: The effects of physiological arousal, cognitive anxiety and gaze control in biathlon. Journal of Motor Behavior, 39, 381-394.
28. Wang, J., Marchant, D. B., Morris, T., & Gibbs, P. (2004). Self-consciousness and trait anxiety as predictors of choking in span, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 7, 174-185.
29. Wilson, M. (2008). From processing efficiency to attentional control: A mechanistic account of the anxiety-performance relationship. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1, 184-201.
30. Wilson, M., Chattington, M., Marple-Horvat, D. E., & Smith, C. N. (2007). A comparison of self-focus versus attentional explanations of choking. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 29, 439-456.
31. Wilson, M., Smith, N. C, & Holmes, P. S. (2007). The role of effort in influencing the effect of anxiety on performance: Testing the conflicting predictions of Processing Efficiency Theory and the Conscious Processing Hypothesis. British Journal of Psychology, 95, 411-428.