Matchmaker, matchmaker, make me a match: Migration of populations via marriages in the past

Physical Review X

Volumn 4, Issue 4, 2014, Pages

  Lee, Sang Hoon ^a,b   Ffrancon, Robyn ^c   Abrams, Daniel M ^d   Kim, Beom Jun ^a   Porter, Mason A ^b  

^a Sungkyunkwan University   (South Korea)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG   (Sweden)

^d Northwestern University   (United States)

Author keywords

Complex systems; Interdisciplinary physics; Statistical physics

Indexed keywords

LARGE SCALE SYSTEMS; STATISTICAL PHYSICS;

CONVECTIVE EFFECTS; GENERATIVE MODEL; GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION; INTERDISCIPLINARY PHYSICS; MIGRATION PATTERNS; POPULATION FLOW; POTENTIAL VALUES; PREVENTION STRATEGIES;

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION;

EID: 84921491021     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21603308     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevX.4.041009     Document Type: Article

References (84)

1. A. Quetelet, Sur l'homme et le développement de ses facultés: Ou essai de physique sociale (Paris, Bachelier, imprimeur-libraire, quai des Augustins, No. 55, 1835).
2. E. Ravenstein, The Laws of Migration, J. Stat. Soc. 46, 167 (1885).
3. S. A. Stouffer, Intervening Opportunities: A Theory Relating Mobility and Distance, Am. Sociol. Rev. 5, 845 (1940).
4. J. Q. Stewart and W. Warntz, Physics of Population Distribution, J. Reg. Sci. 1, 99 (1958).
5. A. G. Wilson, A Statistical Theory of Spatial Distribution Models, Transpn. Res. 1, 253 (1967).
6. C.W. Thornthwaite [with assistance from H. I. Slentz], Internal Migration in the United States (University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, 1934).
7. R. Lucas, in Global Trends in Migration, edited by M. Kritz, C. Keely, and S. Tomasai (Center for Migration Studies, New York, 1981), p. 85.
8. G. Dorigo andW. Tobler, Push-Pull Migration Laws, Annals of the Association of American Geographers 73, 1 (1983).
9. M. J. Greenwood and G. L. Hunt, The Early History of Migration Research, Int. Reg. Sci. Rev. 26, 3 (2003).
10. J. Q. Stewart, The Development of Social Physics, Am. J. Phys. 18, 239 (1950).
11. J. E. Cohen, M. Roig, D. C. Reuman, and C. GoGwilt, International Migration beyond Gravity: A Statistical Model for Use in Population Projections, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105, 15269 (2008).
12. M. C. González, C. A. Hidalgo, and A.-L. Barabási, Understanding Individual Human Mobility Patterns, Nature (London) 453, 779 (2008).
13. D. Brockmann, L. Hufnagel, and T. Geisel, The Scaling Laws of Human Travel, Nature (London) 439, 462 (2006).
14. M. Szell, R. Sinatra, G. Petri, S. Thurner, and V. Latora, Understanding Mobility in a Social Petri Dish, Sci. Rep. 2, 457 (2012).
15. T. P. Davies, H. M. Fry, A. G. Wilson, and S. R. Bishop, A Mathematical Model of the London Riots and Their Policing, Sci. Rep. 3, 1303 (2013).
16. F. Asgari, V. Gauthier, and M. Becker, A Survey on Human Mobility and Its Applications, arXiv:1307.0814.
17. R. E. Park, Human Migration and the Marginal Man, Am. J. Sociology 33, 881 (1928).
18. L. A. Sjaastad, The Costs and Returns of Human Migration, J. Polit. Econ. 70, 80 (1962).
19. Jokbo, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genealogy_book#Korea.
20. S.-G. Lee, Korean Family Names and Genealogies (in Korean; the original Korean title is '??? ??? ??') (Seoul National University Press, Seoul, South Korea, 2003).
21. H. A. T. Kiet, S. K. Baek, H. Jeong, and B. J. Kim, Korean Family Name Distribution in the Past, J. Korean Phys. Soc. 51, 1812 (2007).
22. S. K. Baek, H. A. T. Kiet, and B. J. Kim, Family Name Distributions: Master Equation Approach, Phys. Rev. E 76, 046113 (2007).
23. S. K. Baek, P. Minnhagen, and B. J. Kim, The Ten Thousand Kims, New J. Phys. 13, 073036 (2011).
24. P. A. Longley, J. A. Cheshire, and P. Mateos, Creating a Regional Geography of Britain through the Spatial Analysis of Surnames, Geoforum 42, 506 (2011).
25. J. Novotnỳ and J. A. Cheshire, The Surname Space of the Czech Republic: Examining Population Structure by Network Analysis of Spatial Co-Occurrence of Surnames, PLoS One 7, e48568 (2012).
26. World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision (Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations), http://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/Highlights/WUP2014-Highlights.pdf (2014).
27. M. Batty, The Size, Scale, and Shape of Cities, Science 319, 769 (2008).
28. M. P. Todaro, A Model of Labor Migration and Urban Unemployment in Less Developed Countries, Am. Econ. Rev. 59, 138 (1969).
29. D. Hoerder, Cultures in Contact: World Migrations in the Second Millennium (Comparative and International Working-Class History) (Duke University Press Books, Durham, North Carolina, 2002).
30. M. J. Greenwood, Internal Migration in Developed Countries, in Handbook of Population and Family Economics, edited by M. R. Rosenzweig and O. Stark (North Holland, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 1997), pp. 647-720.
31. R. Lucas, Internal Migration in Developing Countries, in Handbook of Population and Family Economics, edited by M. R. Rosenzweig and O. Stark (North Holland, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 1997), pp. 721-798.
32. E. S. Lee, A Theory of Migration, Demography 3, 47 (1966).
33. B. Cushing and J. Poot, Crossing Boundaries and Borders: Regional Science Advances in Migration Modelling, Pap. Reg. Sci. 83, 317 (2003).
34. An original jokbo usually also includes other details about clans, but we only use information that we mention explicitly.
35. Optimization and root finding (SCIPY.OPTIMIZE), http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/optimize.html.
36. Google Maps, https://developers.google.com/maps.
37. In fact, it is known that clans that originated in the southern part of Korea have been more abundant in recent Korean history (including the period that is spanned by our data set) than clans that originated in the area that corresponds to modern-day North Korea [20].
38. Korean Statistical Information Service, http://kosis.kr (Korean version) and http://kosis.kr/eng (English version).
39. Statistical Geographic Information Service (in Korean), http://sgis.kostat.go.kr (Korean version; no English version is available).
40. J. P. Sethna, Statistical Mechanics: Entropy, Order Parameters and Complexity (Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2006).
41. J. van Lith, Ergodic Theory, Interpretations of Probability and the Foundations of Statistical Mechanics, Stud. Hist. Philos. Sci. B 32, 581 (2001).
42. Because we only have ten family books, our data allow only ten distinct possibilities for "clan j" (the family into which a woman marries).
43. S. Cho, Traditional Korean Culture, in Cultural and Ethnic Diversity: A Guide for Genetics Professionals, edited by N. L. Fisher (The Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland, 1996), Chap. 8.
44. F. Simini, M. C. González, A. Maritan, and A.-L. Barabási, A Universal Model for Mobility and Migration Patterns, Nature (London) 484, 96 (2012).
45. A. P. Masucci, J. Serras, A. Johansson, and M. Batty, Gravity versus Radiation Models: On the Importance of Scale and Heterogeneity in Commuting Flows, Phys. Rev. E 88, 022812 (2013).
46. E. C. Young, The Movement of Farm Population, in Cornell Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin No. 426 (Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 1924).
47. W.-S. Jung, F. Wang, and H. E. Stanley, Gravity Model in the Korean Highway, Europhys. Lett. 81, 48005 (2008).
48. S. Goh, K. Lee, J. S. Park, and M. Y. Choi, Modification of the Gravity Model and Application to the Metropolitan Seoul Subway System, Phys. Rev. E 86, 026102 (2012).
49. D. Balcan, V. Colizza, B. Gonçalves, H. Hu, J. J. Ramasco, and A. Vespignani, Multiscale Mobility Networks and the Spatial Spreading of Infectious Diseases, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106, 21484 (2009).
50. We did attempt to determine clan origin locations; see Fig. 11.
51. S. Noh, S. Yang, and H. Kang, Donggukyeojiseungram (in Korean) (Joseon Dynasty, 1481).
52. One might call this "Thornthwaite's law" of human diffusion.
53. A. J. Ammerman and L. L. Cavalli-Sforza, Measuring the Rate of Spread of Early Farming in Europe, Man 6, 674 (1971).
54. J. Fort, Synthesis between Demic and Cultural Diffusion in the Neolithic Transition in Europe, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 109, 18669 (2012).
55. In practice, we manipulate the anomaly data before computing radii of gyration. See Appendix G for details.
56. M. Nei and J. Imaizumi, Genetic Structure of Human Population. I. Local Differentiation of Blood Group Gene Frequencies in Japan, Heredity 21, 9 (1966); Genetic Structure of Human Population. II. Differentiation of Blood Group Gene Frequencies among Isolated Populations, Heredity 21, 183 (1966).
57. C. Scapoli, E. Mamolini, A. Carrieri, A. Rodriguez-Larralde, and I. Barrai, Surnames in Western Europe: A Comparison of the Subcontinental Populations through Isonymy, Theor. Popul. Biol. 71, 37 (2007).
58. P. Rossi, Surname Distribution in Population Genetics and in Statistical Physics, Phys. Life Rev. 10, 395 (2013).
59. P. Ralph and G. Coop, The Geography of Recent Genetic Ancestry across Europe, PLoS Biol. 11, e1001555 (2013).
60. Article 809 of the Korean Civil Code, in The First Ten Years of the Korean Constitutional Court (Constitutional Court of Korea, 2001), p. 242 [http://www.ccourt.go.kr/home/english/download/decision_10years.pdf].
61. D. H. Ko et al., How People Lived in the Joseon Era (in Korean; the original Korean title is) (Cheongnyeonsa, Paju, South Korea, 2005).
62. Seoul Population 2013; http://www.worldpopulationstatistics.com/seoul-population-2013/.
63. M. T. Gastner and M. E. J. Newman, Diffusion-Based Method for Producing Density Equalizing Maps, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101, 7499 (2004).
64. R. G. Morris and M. Barthelemy, Transport on Coupled Spatial Networks, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 128703 (2012).
65. H. S. Heaps, Information Retrieval: Computational and Theoretical Aspects (Academic Press, New York, 1978), pp. 206-208.
66. Municipal-level divisions in Administrative divisions of South Korea, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_South_Korea#Municipal_level_divisions.
67. See the Supplemental Material at http://link.aps.org/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevX.4.041009 for our complete list of the standardized regions in Korea. (We also indicate a few of their basic properties.)
68. UTF-16 (16-bit Unicode Transformation Format), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-16.
69. Google Maps API licensing, https://developers.google.com/maps/licensing.
70. The Google Geocoding API, https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/geocoding.
71. PYGEOCODER 1.2.0.3: PYTHON interface for Google Geocoding API V3. This can be used to easily geocode, reverse geocode, validate, and format addresses. See https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pygeocoder.
72. J. McCurry, Google Adds Detail to North Korea Map (The Guardian, January 29, 2013), http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2013/jan/29/google-detail-north-korea-map.
73. Administrative divisions of South Korea, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_South_Korea.
74. PYGEOCODER, https://bitbucket.org/xster/pygeocoder/wiki/Home.
75. Usage Limits for Google Maps API Web Services, https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/business/articles/usage_limits.
76. Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Transverse_Mercator_coordinate_system.
77. UTM 0.3.0: Bidirectional UTM-WGS84 converter for python, https://pypi.python.org/pypi/utm.
78. How WGS 84 defines Earth, http://home.online.no/~sigurdhu/WGS84_Eng.html.
79. S. Dutch, Converting UTM to Latitude and Longitude (or Vice Versa), http://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/UsefulData/UTMFormulas.htm.
80. A. Morton, UTM Grid Zones of the World, http://www.dmap.co.uk/utmworld.htm.
81. Department of Army Universal Transverse Mercator Grid, (U.S. Army Technical Manual, 5-241-8, 1973), p. 64.
82. FMINBND: Find Minimum of Single-Variable Function on Fixed Interval, http://www.mathworks.co.uk/help/matlab/ref/fminbnd.html.
83. M. E. J. Newman, Networks: An Introduction (Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2010).
84. S. H. Lee, P.-J. Kim, Y.-Y. Ahn, and H. Jeong, Googling Social Interactions: Web Search Engine Based Social Network Construction, PLoS One 5, e11233 (2010).