Autobiographical Disorders

The Lost Self: Pathologies of the Brain and Identity

Volumn , Issue , 2005, Pages

  Fujiwara, Esther ^a   Markowitsch, Hans J ^b  

^a ROTMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Canada)

^b BIELEFELD UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Autobiographical memory; Memory systems; Neurological disease; Psychiatric disease; Psychogenic amnesia

Indexed keywords

EID: 84920752819     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195173413.003.0006     Document Type: Chapter

References (99)

1. Aggleton, J.P. (2000). The Amygdala: A Functional Analysis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
2. Aggleton J.P. & Pearce, J.M. (2001). Neural systems underlying episodic memory:insights from animal research. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London-Series B: Biological Sciences, 356, 1467-1482.
3. American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association.
4. Baddeley, A. (2000). Short-term and working memory. In: E. Tulving & F.I.M. Craik (Eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Memory (pp. 77-92). New York: Oxford University Press.
5. Barnhofer, T., de Jong-Meyer, R., Kleinpass, A., & Nikesch, S. (2002). Specificity of autobiographical memories in depression: An analysis of retrieval processes in a thinkaloud task. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 41, 411-416.
6. Baron-Cohen, S. (1995). Mindblindness. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
7. Birmes, P., Brunet, A., Carreras, D., Ducasse, J.L., Charlet, J.P., Lauque, D., Sztulman, H., & Schmitt, L. (2003). The predictive power of peritraumatic dissociation and acute stress symptoms for posttraumatic stress symptoms: A three-month prospective study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 1337-1339.
8. Braak, H. & Braak E., (1997). Frequency of stages of Alzheimer-related lesions in different age categories. Neurobiology of Aging, 18, 351-357.
9. Brand M. & Markowitsch H.J., (2003). The principle of bottleneck structures. In: R.H. Kluwe, G. Lüer & F. Rösier (Eds.) Principles of Learning and Memory (pp. 172-184). Basel: Birkhäuser.
10. Breslau, N., Davis, G.C., Peterson, E.L., & Schultz, L.R. (2000). A second look at comorbidity in victims of trauma: The posttraumatic stress disorder-major depression connection. Biological Psychiatry, 48, 902-909.
11. Brittlebank, A.D., Scott, J., Williams, J.M., & Ferrier, I.N. (1993). Autobiographical memory in depression: State or trait marker? British Journal of Psychiatry, 162, 118-121.
12. Broadbelt, K., Byne, W., & Jones, L.B. (2002). Evidence for a decrease in basilar dendrites of pyramidal cells in schizophrenic medial prefrontal cortex. Schizophrenia Research, 58, 75-81.
13. Buchanan, T.W. & Lovallo, W.R. (2001). Enhanced memory for emotional material following stress-level Cortisol treatment in humans. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 26, 307-317.
14. Byne W. & Davis, K.L. (1999). The role of prefrontal cortex in the dopaminergic dysregulation of schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry, 45, 657-659.
15. Caine, D. & Watson, J.D. (2000). Neuropsychological and neuropathological sequelae of cerebral anoxia: A critical review. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 6, 86-99.
16. Carlesimo, G.A., Sabbadini, M., Loasses, A., & Caltagirone, C. (1998). Analysis of the memory impairment in a post-encephalitic patient with focal retrograde amnesia. Cortex, 34, 449-460.
17. Clayton, N.S., Bussey, T.J., & Dickinson, A. (2003). Can animals recall the past and plan for the future? Nature Neuroscience Reviews, 4, 685-691.
18. Conway, M.A. (2001). Sensory-perceptual episodic memory and its context:Autobiographical memory. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London-Series B: Biological Sciences, 356, 1375-1384.
19. Conway, M.A. & Pleydell-Pearce, C.W. (2000). The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107, 261-288.
20. Corcoran, R. & Frith, C.D. (2003). Autobiographical memory and theory of mind:Evidence of a relationship in schizophrenia. Psychological Medicine, 33, 897-905.
21. Corkin, S., Amaral, D.G., Gonzalez, R.G., Johnson, K.A., & Hyman, B.T. (1997). H.M.'s medial temporal lobe lesion: Findings from magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of Neuroscience, 17, 3964-3979.
22. Costello, A., Fletcher, P.C., Dolan, R.J., Frith, C.D., & Shallice, T. (1998). The origins of forgetting in a case of isolated retrograde amnesia following a hemorrhage: Evidence from functional imaging. Neurocase, 4, 437-446.
23. Cowan, N. (1984). On short and long auditory stores. Psychological Bulletin, 96, 341-370.
24. Dalla Barba, G.F., Cappelletti, J.Y., Signorini, M., & Denes, G. (1997). Confabulation:Remembering 'another' past, planning 'another' future. Neurocase, 3, 425-436.
25. Davidson, R.J. & Irwin W. (1999). The functional neuroanatomy of emotion and affective style. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 3, 11-21.
26. de Decker, A., Hermans, D., Raes, F., & Eelen, P. (2003). Autobiographical memory specificity and trauma in inpatient adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 32, 22-31.
27. Dolan, R.J., Lane, R., Chua, P., & Fletcher, R (2000). Dissociable temporal lobe activations during emotional episodic memory retrieval. Neuroimage, 11, 203-209.
28. Dudai, Y. (2004). The neurobiology of consolidations, or, how stable is the engram? Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 51-86.
29. Elvevåg, B., Kerbs, K.M., Malley, J.D., Seeley, E., & Goldberg, T.E. (2003). Autobiographical memory in schizophrenia: An examination of the distribution of memories. Neuropsychology, 17, 402-409.
30. Fink, G.R., Markowitsch, H.J., Reinkemeier, M., Bruckbauer, T., Kessler, J., & W.-D. (1996). Cerebral representation of one's own past: Neural networks involved in autobiographical memory. Journal of Neuroscience, 16, 4275-4282.
31. Fletcher, P.C. & Henson, R.N.A. (2001). Frontal lobes and human memory: Insights from functional imaging. Brain, 124, 849-881.
32. Franklin, C.L. & Zimmerman, M. (2001). Posttraumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder: Investigating the role of overlapping symptoms in diagnostic comorbidity. Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, 189, 548-551.
33. Fujii, T., Yamadori, A., Endo, K., Suzuki, K., & Fukatsu, R. (1999). Disproportionate retrograde amnesia in a patient with herpes simplex encephalitis. Cortex, 35, 599-614.
34. Ganser, S.J. (1898). Ueber einen eigenartigen hysterischen Dammerzustand. Archiv für Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, 30, 633-640.
35. Graham, K.S., Kropelnicki, A., Goldman, W.P., & Hodges, J.R. (2003). Two further investigations of autobiographical memory in semantic dementia. Cortex, 39, 729-750.
36. Greenberg, D.L. & Rubin, D.C. (2003). The neuropsychology of autobiographical memory. Cortex, 39, 687-728.
37. Greene, J.D. & Hodges, J.R. (1996). The fractionation of remote memory. Evidence from a longitudinal study of dementia of Alzheimer type. Brain, 119, 129-142.
38. Harvey, A.G., Bryant, R.A., & Dang, S.T. (1998). Autobiographical memory in acute stress disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66, 500-506.
39. Hermans, D., Van Den Broeck, K., Belis, G., Raes, R, Pieters, G., & Eelen, P. (2004). Trauma and autobiographical memory specificity in depressed inpatients. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 42, 775-789.
40. Hodges, J.R. & Graham, K.S. (2001). Episodic memory: Insights from semantic dementia. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London-Series B: Biological Sciences, 356, 1423-1434.
41. Holsboer, R (2001). Stress, hypercortisolism and corticosteroid receptors in depression:Implications for therapy. Journal of Affective Disorders, 62, 77-91.
42. Johnson, M.K. & Raye, C.L. (1998). False memories and confabulation. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4, 137-145.
43. Johnson, S.C., Baxter, L.C., Wilder, L.S., Pipe, J.G., Heiserman, J.E., & Prigatano, G.P. (2002). Neural correlates of self-reflection. Brain, 125, (1808-1814).
44. Kapur, N. (1999). Syndromes of retrograde amnesia: A conceptual and empirical synthesis. Psychological Bulletin, 6, 800-825.
45. Kapur, N. (2000). Focal retrograde amnesia and the attribution of causality: An exceptionally benign commentary. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 17, 623-637.
46. Karney, B.R. & Frye, N.E. (2002). "But we've been getting better lately": Comparing prospective and retrospective views of relationship development. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 222-238.
47. Kim, J.J. & Yoon, K.S. (1998). Stress: Metaplastic effects in the hippocampus. Trends in Neurosciences, 21, 505-509.
48. Köhler, S., Paus, T., Buckner, R.L., & Milner, B. (2004). Effects of left inferior prefrontal stimulation on episodic memory formation: A two-stage fMRI-rTMS study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 16, 178-188.
49. Kopelman, M.D. (2002). Disorders of memory. Brain, 125, 2152-2190.
50. Kopelman, M.D. & Kapur, N. (2001). The loss of episodic memories in retrograde amnesia: Single-case and group studies. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London-Series B: Biological Sciences, 356, 1409-1421.
51. Kroll, N.E., Markowitsch, H.J., Knight, R.T., & von Cramon, D.Y. (1997). Retrieval of old memories: The temporofrontal hypothesis. Brain, 120, 1377-1399.
52. Larsen, S.F., Thompson, C.P., & Hansen, T. (1996). Time in autobiographical memory. In:D.C. Rubin (Ed.) Remembering Our Past (pp. 129-156). New York: Cambridge University Press.
53. Levine, B., Black, S.E., Cabeza, R., Sinden, M., Mcintosh, A.R., Toth, J.P., Tulving, E., & Stuss, D.T. (1998). Episodic memory and the self in a case of isolated retrograde amnesia. Brain, 121, 1951-1973.
54. Lucchelli, F., Muggia, S., & Spinnler, H. (1995). The "Petites Madeleines" phenomenon in two amnesic patients: Sudden recovery of forgotten memories. Brain, 118, 167-183.
55. Maddock, R.J., Garrett, A.S., & Buonocore, M.H. (2003). Posterior cingulate cortex activation by emotional words: fMRI evidence from a valence decision task. Human Brain Mapping, 18, 30-41.
56. Maguire, E.A. (2001). Neuroimaging studies of autobiographical event memory. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Biological Sciences, 356, 1441-1451.
57. Maguire, E.A. & Frith, C.D. (2004). The brain network associated with acquiring semantic knowledge. Neuroimage, 22, 171-178.
58. Markowitsch, H.J. (1996). Organic and psychogenic retrograde amnesia: Two sides of the same coin? Neurocase, 2, 357-371.
59. Markowitsch, H.J. (1999). Functional neuroimaging correlates of functional amnesia. Memory, 5/6, 561-583.
60. Markowitsch, H.J. (2003). Psychogenic amnesia. Neuroimage, 20, S132-S138.
61. Markowitsch, H.J. (in press). The neuroanatomy of memory. In: P.W. Halligan & D.T. Wade (Eds.) The Effectiveness of Rehabilitation for Cognitive Deficits. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
62. Markowitsch, H.J., Calabrese, P., Fink, G.R., Durwen, H.F., Kessler, J., Härting, C, König, M., Mirzaian, E.B., W.-D., Heiss, Heuser, L., & Gehlen, W. (1997). Impaired episodic memory retrieval in a case of probable psychogenic amnesia. Psychiatry Research:Neuroimaging, 74, 119-126.
63. Markowitsch, H.J., Calabrese, P., Liess, J., Haupts, M., Durwen, H.R, & Gehlen, W. (1993). Retrograde amnesia after traumatic injury of the fronto-temporal cortex. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 56, 988-992.
64. Markowitsch, H.J., Fink, G.R., Thöne, A., Kessler, J., & Heiss, W.-D. (1997). A PET study of persistent psychogenic amnesia covering the whole life span. Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, 2, 135-158.
65. Markowitsch, H.J., Kessler, J., Van der Ven, C., Weber-Luxenburger, G., Albers, M., & Heiss, W.D. (1998). Psychic trauma causing grossly reduced brain metabolism and cognitive deterioration. Neuropsychologia, 36, 77-82.
66. Markowitsch, H.J., Kessler, J., Weber-Luxenburger, G., Van der Ven, C., Albers, M., & Heiss, W.D. (2000). Neuroimaging and behavioral correlates of recovery from mnestic block syndrome and other cognitive deteriorations. Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology & Behavioral Neurology, 13, 60-66.
67. Marshall, G.N. & Schell, T.L. (2002). Reappraising the link between peritraumatic dissociation and PTSD symptom severity: Evidence from a longitudinal study of community violence survivors. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 111, 626-636.
68. McGaugh, J.L. & Roozendaal, B. (2002). Role of adrenal stress hormones in forming lasting memories in the brain. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 12, 205-210.
69. Meguro, K., LeMestric, C., Landeau, B., Desgranges, B., Eustache, F., & Baron, J.C. (2001). Relations between hypometabolism in the posterior association neocortex and hippocampal atrophy in Alzheimer's disease: A PET/MRI correlative study. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, & Psychiatry, 71, 315-321.
70. Miller, G.A. (1956). The magical number seven plus minus two. Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review, 63, 244-257.
71. Miller, L.A., Caine, D., Harding, A., Thompson, E.J., Large, M., & Watson, J.D. (2001). Right medial thalamic lesion causes isolated retrograde amnesia. Neuropsychologia, 39, 1037-1046.
72. Nakamura, H., Kunori, Y., Mori, K., Nakaaki, S., Yoshida, S., & Hamanaka, T. (2002). Two cases of functional focal retrograde amnesia with impairment of object use. Cortex, 38, 613-622.
73. Ochsner, K.N. & Schacter, D.L. (2000). A social cognitive neuroscience approach to emotion and memory. In: J.C. Borod (Ed.) The Neuropsychology of Emotion. Series in Affective Science (pp. 163-193). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
74. Ogden, J.A. (1993). Visual object agnosia, prosopagnosia, achromatopsia, loss of visual imagery, and autobiographical amnesia following recovery from cortical blindness: Case M.H. Neuropsychologia, 31, 571-589.
75. Pick, A. (1884). Vom Bewusstsein in Zuständen sogenannter Bewusstlosigkeit. Archiv für Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, 15, 202-223.
76. Pihan, H., Gutbrod, K., Baas, U., & Schnider, A. (2004). Dopamine inhibition and the adaptation of behavior to ongoing reality. Neuroreport, 15, 709-712.
77. Piolino, P., Desgranges, B., Belliard, S., Matuszewski, V, Lalevee, C, De la Sayette, V, & Eustache, F. (2003). Autobiographical memory and autonoetic consciousness: Triple dissociation in neurodegenerative diseases. Brain, 126, 2203-2219.
78. Raison, C.L. & Miller, A.H. (2003). When not enough is too much: The role of insufficient glucocorticoid signaling in the pathophysiology of stress-related disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 1554-1565.
79. Reese, E. (2002). Social factors in the development of autobiographical memory: The state of the art. Social Development, 11,124-142.
80. Ribot, T. (1881). Les maladies de la memoire. Paris: Baillière.
81. Riutort, M., Cuervo, C., Danion, J.M., Peretti, C.S., & Salame, P. (2003). Reduced levels of specific autobiographical memories in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 117, 35-45.
82. Ross, M. & Wilson, A. E. (2002). It feels like yesterday: Self-esteem, valence of personal past experiences, and judgments of subjective distance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 792-803.
83. Schacter, D.L., Norman, K.A., & Koutstaal, W. (1998). The cognitive neuroscience of constructive memory. Annual Review of Psychology, 49, 289-318.
84. Schnider, A. (2003). Spontaneous confabulation and the adaptation of thought to ongoing reality. Nature Neuroscience Reviews, 4, 662-671.
85. Schnider, A., Ptak, R., von Daniken, C., & Remonda, L. (2000). Recovery from spontaneous confabulations parallels recovery of temporal confusion in memory. Neurology, 55, 74-83.
86. Scoville, W.B. & Milner, B. (1957). Loss of recent memory after bilateral hippocampal lesions. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 20, 11-21.
87. Sellal, F., Manning, L., Seegmuller, C., Scheiber, C., & Schoenfelder, F. (2002). Pure retrograde amnesia following mild head trauma: A neuropsychological and metabolic study. Cortex, 38, 499-509.
88. Sonntag, P., Gokalsing, E., Olivier, C., Robert, P., Burglen, F., Kauffmann-Muller, F., Huron, C., Salame, P., & Danion, J.M. (2003). Impaired strategic regulation of contents of conscious awareness in schizophrenia. Consciousness and Cognition, 12, 190-200.
89. Suddendorf, T. Busby, J. (2003). Mental time travel in animals? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7, 391-396.
90. Tulving, E. (2001). Episodic memory and common sense: How far apart? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Biological Sciences, 356, 1505-1515.
91. Tulving, E. (2002). Episodic memory: From mind to brain. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 1-25.
92. van der Kolk, B.A. (1994). The body keeps the score: Memory and the evolving psychobiology of posttraumatic stress. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 1, 253-265.
93. Vargha-Khadem, F., Gadian, D.G., & Mishkin, M. (2001). Dissociations in cognitive memory: The syndrome of developmental amnesia. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London-Series B: Biological Sciences, 356, 1435-1440.
94. von Cramon, D.Y., Markowitsch, H.J., & Schuri, U. (1993). The possible contribution of the septal region to memory. Neuropsychologia, 31, 159-180.
95. Wessel, I., Meeren, M., Peeters, F., Arntz, A., & Merckelbach, H. (2001). Correlates of autobiographical memory specificity: The role of depression, anxiety and childhood trauma. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 39, 409-421.
96. Williams, J.M.G. (1996). Depression and the specificity of autobiographcial memory. In:D.C. Rubin (Ed.) Remembering Our Past (pp. 244-267). New York: Cambridge University Press.
97. Wilson, A.E. & Ross, M. (2003). The identity function of autobiographical memory: Time is on our side. Memory, 11, 137-149.
98. Yasuno, F., Nishikawa, T., Nakagawa, Y, Ikejiri, Y., Tokunaga, H., Mizuta, I., Shinozaki, K., Hashikawa, K., Sugita, Y., Nishimura, T., & Takeda, M. (2000). Functional anatomical study of psychogenic amnesia. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 99, 43-57.
99. Yoshino, R. (1993). Magical numbers of human short-term memory: Efficient designs of biological memory systems? Behaviormetrika, 20, 171-186.