Diet, keystone resources and altitudinal movement of dwarf cassowaries in relation to fruiting phenology in a papua new guinean rainforest

Tropical Fruits and Frugivores: The Search for Strong Interactors

Volumn , Issue , 2005, Pages 205-236

  Wright, Debra D ^a  

^a WILDLIFE CONSERVATION SOCIETY   (Papua New Guinea)

Author keywords

cassowary; Casuarius bennetti; diet; phenology; specialist frugivore

Indexed keywords

EID: 84920137341     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-3833-X_11     Document Type: Chapter

References (61)

1. Beehler, B. M., Pratt, T. K., & Zimmerman, D. A. (1986). Birds of New Guinea. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
2. Bell, H. L. (1983). A bird community of lowland rainforest in New Guinea. 6 foraging ecology and community structure of the avifauna. Emu, 84, 142-158.
3. Bentrupperbaumer, J. (1997). Reciprocal ecosystem impact and behavioural interactions between cassowaries, Casuarius casuarius, and humans, Homo sapiens. Unpublished Ph.D., James Cook University, Townsville.
4. Biebach, H. (1996). Energetics of winter and migratory fattening. In C. Carey (Ed.), Avian Energetics and Nutritional Ecology (pp. 280-323). New York, NY: Chapman and Hall.
5. Bosque, C., & Parra, O. (1992). Digestive efficiency and rate of food passage in Oilbird nestlings. Condor, 94, 557-571.
6. Bruno, E., & Lovari, S. (1989). Foraging behviour of adult female Apennine Chamois in relation to seasonal variation in food supply. Acta Theriologica, 34, 513-523.
7. Caraco, T., S. Martindale and T. S. Whittam. (1980). An empirical demonstration of risk-sensitive foraging preferences. Animal Behaviour, 28, 820-830.
8. Carey, C. (1996). Female reproductive energetics. In C. Carey (Ed.), Avian Energetics and Nutritional Ecology (pp. 324-374). New York, NY: Chapman and Hall.
9. Cherel, Y., Charassin, J.-B., & Handrich, Y. (1993). Comparison of body reserve buildup in prefasting chicks and adults of king penguins (Apendytes patagonicus). Physiological Zoology, 66, 750-770.
10. Cherel, Y., Robin, J. P., Heitz, A., Calgari, C., & LeMaho, Y. (1992). Relationship between lipid availability and protein utilization during prolonged fasting. Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 162, 305-313.
11. Churchill, S. K. (1994). Diet, prey selection and foraging behavior of the orange horseshoe-bat, Rhinonycteris aurantius. Wildlife Research, 21, 115-130.
12. Crome, F. H. J. (1975a). Some observations on the biology of the cassowary in northern Queensland. Emu, 76, 8-14.
13. Crome, F. H. J. (1975b). The ecology of fruit pigeons in tropical northern Queensland. Australian Wildlife Research, 2, 155-185.
14. Davies, S. J. J. F. (1974, 1976). The natural history of the emu in comparison with that of other ratites. Paper presented at the 16th International Ornithological Conference, Canberra.
15. Debussche, M., & Isenmann, P. (1992). A Mediterranean bird disperser assemblage: compostion and phenology in relation to fruit availability. Revue Ecologie (Terre et Vie), 47, 411-427.
16. Ekman, J. B., & Hake, M. K. (1990). Monitoring starvation risk: Adjustments of body reserves in Greenfinches (Carduelis chloris L.) during periods of unpredictable foraging success. Behavioral Ecology, 1, 62-67.
17. Feinsinger, P. (1987). Approaches to nectarivore-plant interactions in the New World. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 60, 285-319.
18. Flannery, T. F. (1995). Mammals of New Guinea. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.
19. Fleming, T. H. (1988). The Short-Tailed Fruit Bat: A Study in Plant-Animal Interactions. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
20. Fleming, T. H., Nunez, R. A., & Sternberg, L. S. L. (1993). Seasonal changes in the diets of migrant and non-migrant nectarivorous bats as revealed by carbon isoptope analysis. Oecologia, 94, 72-75.
21. Foster, M. S. (1978). Total frugivory in tropical passerines: A reappraisal. Tropical Ecology, 19, 131-154.
22. Foster, R. B. (1982). Famine on Barro Colorado Island. In E. G. J. Leigh & A. S. Rand & D. W. Windsor (Eds.), The ecology of a tropical forest: Seasonal rhythms and long-term changes (pp. 201-212). Washington: Smithsonian Institute Press.
23. Frith, H. J., Crome, F. H. J., & Wolfe, T. O. (1976). Food of the fruit-pigeons in New Guinea. Emu, 76, 49-58.
24. Garber, P. A. (1993). Seasonal patterns of diet and ranging in two species of tamarin monkeys: Stability versus variability. International Journal of Primatology, 14, 145-166.
25. IUCN. (2002). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN.
26. Johnson, A. (1997). Processes for effecting community participation in the establishment of protected areas: A case study of the Crater Mountain Wildlife management Area. In C. Filer (Ed.), The political economy of forest management in PNG (National Research Institute Monograph Series ed.). Port Moresby: National Research Institute.
27. Kaplin, B. A., Munyaligoga, V., & Moermond, T. C. (1998). The influence of temporal changes in fruit availability on diet composition and seed handling in blue monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis doggetti). Biotropica, 30, 56-71.
28. Leighton, M., & Leighton, D. R. (1983). Vertebrate responses to fruiting seasonality within a Bornean rain forest. In S. L. Sutton & T. C. Whitmore & A. C. Chadwick (Eds.), Tropical Rain forest: ecology and management (pp. 181-196). London: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
29. Loiselle, B. A., & Blake, J. G. (1991). Temporal variation in birds and fruits along an elevational gradient in Costa-Rica. Ecology, 72(1), 180-193.
30. Loiselle, B. A., & Blake, J. G. (1993). Spatial distribution of understory fruit-eating birds and fruiting plants in a Neotropical lowland wet forest. Vegetatio, 108, 177-189.
31. Lucas, P. W., & Corlett, R. T. (1991). Relationship between the diet of Macaca fascicularis and forest phenology. Folia Primatology, 57, 201-215.
32. Mack, A. L. (1995). Distance and non-randomness of seed dispersal by the dwarf cassowary Casuarius bennetti. Ecography, 18, 286-295.
33. Mack, A. L. (1998). An advantage of large seed size: Tolerating rather than succumbing to seed predators. Biotropica, 30, 604-608.
34. Mack, A. L., Ickes, K., Jessen, J. H., Kennedy, B., & Sinclair, J. R. (1999). Ecology of Aglaia mackiana (Meliaceae) seedlings in a New Guinea rain forest. Biotropica, 31, 111-120.
35. Maloney, S. K., & Dawson, T. J. (1993). Sexual dimorphism in basal metabolism and body temperature of a large bird, the Emu. Condor, 95, 1034-1037.
36. McKey, D. (1975). The ecology of coevolved seed dispersal systems. In L. E. Gilbert & P. H. Raven (Eds.), Coevolution in animals and plants (pp. 159-191). Austin: University of Texas Press.
37. Morton, E. S. (1973). On the evolutionary advantages and disadvantages of fruit eating in tropical birds. American Naturalist, 107, 8-22.
38. Newstrom, L. E., Frankie, G. W., & Baker, H. G. (1994). A new classification for plant phenology based on flowering patterns in lowland tropical rain forest trees at La Selva, Costa Rica. Biotropica, 26, 141-159.
39. Noble, J. C. (1991). On ratites and their interaction with plants. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 64, 85-118.
40. Oloo, T. W., Brett, R., & Young, T. P. (1994). Seasonal variation in the feeding ecology of black rhinceros (Diceros bicornis) in Laikipia, Kenya. African Journal of Ecology, 32, 142-157.
41. Peres, C. A. (1994a). Primate responses to phenological changes in an amazonian terra firme forest. Biotropica, 26, 98-112.
42. Peres, C. A. (1994b). Composition, density, an fruiting phenology of arborescent palms in an Amazonian terra firme forest. Biotropica, 26, 285-294.
43. Poulin, B., Lefebvre, G., & McNeil, R. (1994). Effect and efficiency of tartar emetic in determining the diet of tropical land birds. Condor, 96, 98-104.
44. Pratt, T. K. (1983). The diet of the dwarf cassowary, Casuarius bennetti picticollis, at Wau, Papua New Guinea. Emu, 82, 283-285.
45. Pyke, G. H., Pulliam, H. R., & Charnov, E. L. (1977). Optimal foraging: A selective review of theory and tests. Quarterly Review of Biology, 52, 137-154.
46. Real, L. A. (1981). Uncertainty and pollinator-plant interactions: The foraging behavior of bees and wasps on artificial flowers. Ecology, 62, 20-26.
47. Robinson, J. G. (1986). Seasonal variation in use of time and space by the Wedge-capped Capuchin Monkey, Cebus olivaceus: Implications for foraging theory. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 431, 1-60.
48. Snow, B. K. (1970). A field study of the Bearded Bellbird in Trinidad. Ibis, 112, 299-329.
49. Snow, D. W. (1962). The natural history of the Oilbird, Steatornis caripensis, in Trinidad, W. I.II. Population, breeding ecology and food. Zoologica, 47, 199-221.
50. Sokal, R. R., & Rohlf, F. J. (1981). Biometry (2nd ed.). New York: W.H. Freeman and Co.
51. Stocker, G. C., & Irvine, A. K. (1983). Seed dispersal by cassowaries (Casuarius casuarius) in North Queensland's rainforests. Biotropica, 15, 170-176.
52. Sun, C., & Moermond, T. C. (1997). Foraging ecology of three sympatric turacos in a montane forest in Rwanda. Auk, 114, 396-404.
53. Terborgh, J. (1986). Community aspects of frugivory in tropical forests. In A. Estrada & T. H. Fleming (Eds.), Frugivores and seed dispersal (pp. 371-384). Dordrecht: Dr W Junk Publishers.
54. Thomas, D. W., Bosque, C., & Arends, A. (1993). Development of thermoregulation and the energetics of nesting Oilbirds (Steatornis caripensis). Physiological Zoology, 66, 322-348.
55. van Roosmalen, M. G. M. (1985). Habitat preferences, diet, feeding strategy and social organization of the black spider monkey (Ateles paniscus paniscus Linnaeus 1758) in Surinam. Acta Amazonica, 15 (Supplement), 1-238.
56. van Schaik, C. P., Terborgh, J. W., & Wright, S. J. (1993). The phenology of tropical forests: Adaptive significance and consequences for primary consumers. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 24, 353-377.
57. Westcott, D. (1999). Counting cassowaries: What does cassowary sign reveal about their abundance? Wildlife Research, 26, 61-67.
58. Wheelwright, N. T. (1983). Fruits and the ecology of resplendent quetzals. Auk, 100, 286-301.
59. Wheelwright, N. T., & Orians, G. H. (1982). Seed dispersal by animals: contrasts with pollen dispersal, problems of terminology, and constraints on coeveolution. American Naturalist, 119, 402-413.
60. Wright, D. D. (1998). Fruit choice by the dwarf cassowary, Casuarius bennetti, over a three year period in Papua New Guinea. Unpublished dissertation, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL.
61. Wright, D. D., Jessen, J. H., Burke, P. B., & Garza, H. G. S. (1997). Tree and liana enumeration and diversity on a one-hectare plot in Papua New Guinea. Biotropica, 29, 250-260.