Findings from a fleet test on the performance of two engine oil formulations in automotive CNG engines

Lubrication Science

Volumn 27, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 15-28

  Macian V ^a   Tormos, B ^a   Olmeda, P ^a   Gomez Y A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITAT POLITÈCNICA DE VALÈNCIA   (Spain)

Author keywords

CNG engines; Degradation rates; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Mineral oil; Potentiometry; Voltammetry

Indexed keywords

ADDITIVES; AUTOMOBILE MANUFACTURE; COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS; DEGRADATION; ENGINES; FLEET OPERATIONS; FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; GAS ENGINES; LUBRICATING OILS; MAINTENANCE; MINERAL OILS; NATURAL GAS FIELDS; NATURAL GAS VEHICLES; OXIDANTS; SUPPLY CHAINS; TRIBOLOGY; URBAN TRANSPORTATION; VEHICLE PERFORMANCE; VOLTAMMETRY;

CNG ENGINE; COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT; DEGRADATION RATE; LUBRICANT PERFORMANCE; MONITORED PARAMETERS; POTENTIOMETRY; REMAINING USEFUL LIVES; ZINC DIALKYL DITHIOPHOSPHATE;

OIL SHALE;

EID: 84918821526     PISSN: 09540075     EISSN: 15576833     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ls.1248     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Breck P, Hamilton B, Shephered R, Cemensha R, Lautman L,. Performance, engine durability and oil life analysis of pilot ignition natural gas engines. SAE Paper 972664, 1997. DOI: 10.4271/972664.
2. Wilson B,. Automotive lubricants: recent advances and future developments. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 1999; 51 (2): 209-221.
3. Rudnick L,. Lubricant Additives-Chemistry and Applications. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group: Boca Raton 2003.
4. Perez JM,. Oxidative properties of lubricants using thermal analysis. Themochimica acta 2000; 357-358: 47-56. DOI: 10.1016/S0040-6031(00)00367-1.
5. Adhvary A, Erhan SZ, Singh ID,. The effect of molecular composition on the oxidative behaviour of group I base oils in the presence of an antioxidant additive. Lubrication Science 2002; 14: 119-129. DOI: 10.1002/ls.3010140202.
6. Macián V, Tormos B, Salavert JM, Gómez YA,. Comparative study of engine oil performance on CNG/diesel engines on an urban transport fleet. SAE Paper 2010-01-2100, 2010. DOI: 10.4271/2010-01-2100
7. Macián V, Tormos B, Gómez YA, and, Salavert JM,. Proposal of a FTIR methodology to monitor oxidation level in used engine oils: effects of thermal degradation and fuel dilution. Tribology Transactions 2012; 55 (6): 872-882. DOI: 10.7080/10402004.2012.721921
8. Macián V, Tormos B, Gómez Y, Bermúdez V,. Revisión del proceso de la degradación en los aceites lubricantes en motores de gas natural comprimido y diesel. DYNA-Ingeniería e Industria 2013; 88 (1): 49-58. D.O.I: 10.6036/5077.
9. Tormos B, Olmeda P, Gómez YA, and, Galar D,. Monitoring and analysing oil condition to generate maintenance savings: a case study in a CNG engine powered urban transport fleet. Insight 2013; 55 (2): 84-87. D.O.I: 10.1784/insi.2012.55.2.84.
10. Macián V, Tormos B, Redón P, and, Ballester S,. Behavioral study of engine oil lubricants in gas engines used in urban transport fleets. Lubrication, Maintenance and Tribotechnology 2008. ISBN 978-84-932064-5-1
11. Dowson D, Priest M,. Life cycle tribology. 31st Leeds-Lyon Tribology Symposium 2005, Tribology and Interface Engineering. Elsevier.
12. Taylor RI, Mainwaring R, Mortier RM,. Engine lubricant trends since 1990 Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology May 1, 2005; 219: 331-346.
13. Van De Voort FR, Sedman J, Cocciardi RA, Pinchuk D,. FTIR condition monitoring of in-service lubricants: ongoing developments and future perspectives. Tribology Transactions 2006; 49: 410-418.
14. Powell JR, Compton DAC,. Automated FTIR spectrometry for monitoring hydrocarbon-based engine oils. Lubrication Engineering 1993; 49: 233-239.
15. Van de Voort FR, Ismail AA, Sedman J, Emo G,. Monitoring the oxidation of edible oils by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 1994; 3: 243-253.
16. ASTM E2412. Standard Practice for Condition Monitoring of Used Lubricants by Trend Analysis Using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrometry. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2004, DOI: 10.1520/E2412-04.
17. ASTM D7214. Standard Test Method for Determination of the Oxidation of Used Lubricants by FTIR Using Peak Area Increase Calculatio n. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2007, DOI: 10.1520/D7214-07.
18. ASTM D7414. Standard Test Method for Condition Monitoring of Oxidation in In-Service Petroleum and Hydrocarbon Based Lubricants by Trend Analysis Using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrometry. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2004, DOI: 10.1520/D7414-09.
19. ASTM 664. Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2011, DOI: 10.1520/D0664-11A.
20. ASTM D2896. Standard Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2011, DOI: 10.1520/D2896-11.
21. Kauffman RE,. Remaining useful life measurements of diesel engine oils, hydraulic fluids and greases using cyclic voltammetric methods. Lubrication Engineering 1994; 51: 223.
22. Kauffman RE,. Rapid, portable voltammetric techniques for performing antioxidant, total acid number (TAN) and total base number (TBN) measurements. Lubrication Engineering 1998; 54: 39.
23. ASTM D5185. Standard Test Method for Multielement Determination of Used and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2013.DOI: 10.1520/D5185
24. Martin JM,. Antiwear mechanisms of zinc dithiophosphate: a chemical hardness approach. Tribology Letters 1999; 6: 1-8.
25. Ameye J, Sitton A,. The importance of monitoring individual antioxidants in multi-component AO additive packages. Technical Paper of Fluitec. Proceedings Lubricant Excellence 2008.
26. Wooton D,. Trending additive depletion. Technical Paper of Fluitec Proceedings Lubricant Excellence 2003.