African Kaposi’s Sarcoma in the Light of Global AIDS: Antiblackness and Viral Visibility

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry

Volumn 11, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 467-478

  Singh, Pawan ^a   Cartwright, Lisa ^a   Visperas, Cristina ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Africa; Antiblackness; HIV; Kaposi s sarcoma; Viral intersectionality; Viral visibility

Indexed keywords

AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS; ETHNOLOGY; EUROPE; HEALTH; HISTORY; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMAN; NORTH AMERICA; POLITICAL SYSTEM; PREVALENCE; RACISM; RESEARCH; RESEARCH ETHICS; SARCOMA, KAPOSI;

AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS; COLONIALISM; ETHICS, RESEARCH; EUROPE; GLOBAL HEALTH; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 21ST CENTURY; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; NORTH AMERICA; PREVALENCE; RACISM; RESEARCH; SARCOMA, KAPOSI;

EID: 84917673682     PISSN: 11767529     EISSN: 18724353     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11673-014-9577-5     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Alsop, Z. 2009. Ugandan bill could hamper progress on HIV/AIDS—World Report. The Lancet 374(9707): 2043–2044.
2. Altman, L.K. 1981. Rare cancer seen in 41 homosexuals. The New York Times, July 3. http://www.nytimes.com/1981/07/03/us/rare-cancer-seen-in-41-homosexuals.html. Accessed June 3, 2014.
3. Altman, L.K. 1994. Apparent virus may be a cause of fatal cancer in AIDS patients. The New York Times, December 16. http://www.nytimes.com/1994/12/16/us/apparent-virus-may-be-a-cause-of-fatal-cancer-in-aids-patients.html. Accessed June 3, 2014.
4. Antman, K.M.D., and Y.M.D. Chang. 2000. Kaposi’s sarcoma. The New England Journal of Medicine 342(14): 1027–1038.
5. Bayer, R., and G.M. Oppenheimer. 2001. AIDS doctors: Voices from the epidemic. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
6. Bayley, A. 1983. Aggressive KS in Zambia. The Lancet 323(8390): 1318–1320.
7. Body Positive. 2001. People dying from a disease they didn’t have: The CDC revises the case definition of AIDS, January 1, 1993. Body Positive, January. http://www.thebody.com/content/art30995.html. Accessed June 3, 2014.
8. Cartwright, L. 1995. Screening the body: Tracing medicine’s visual culture. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
9. Cartwright, L. 2013. How to have social media in an invisible pandemic: Hepatitis C in the time of H1N1. In The international encyclopedia of media studies: Media studies futures, vol. 6, edited by A. Valdivia and K.A. Gates, 215–240. Boston: Wiley Blackwell.
10. Cartwright, L. Forthcoming. Learning from Philadelphia: Retroviral invisibility and the tracing of HIV networks. Journal of Homosexuality.
11. Chang, Y., E. Cesarman, M.S. Pessin, et al. 1994. Identification of herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in AIDS-associated Kaposi’s sarcoma. Science 266(5192): 1865–1869.
12. Cheney, K. 2012. Locating neocolonialism, “tradition,” and human rights in Uganda’s “gay death penalty.” African Studies Review 55(2): 77–95.
13. Crane, J.T. 2013. Scrambling for Africa: AIDS, expertise, and the rise of American global health science. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
14. Crenshaw, K. 1991. Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Review 43(6): 1241–1299.
15. Davies, J.N.P. 1962. Kaposi’s sarcoma: A re-evaluation based on the disease in Africans. Acta: Unio Internationalis Contra Cancrum 18: 372–375.
16. Edelman, L. 2004. No future: Queer theory and the death drive. Durham: Duke University Press.
17. Ellis, F.A. 1934. Multiple idiopathic hemorrhagic sarcoma of Kaposi: Report of a case in an American Negro. Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology 30(5): 706–708.
18. Fannin, S. 1982. A cluster of Kaposi’s sarcoma and Pneumocytis carinii pneumonia among homosexual male residents of Los Angeles and Orange counties, California. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 31(23): 305–307. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001114.htm. Accessed September 2, 2014.
19. Fanon, F. 1967. Black skins, white masks. New York: Grove.
20. Goffman, E. 1974. Stigma: Notes on the management of spoiled identity. New York: Aronson.
21. Gordon, L. 1999. Bad faith and antiblack racism. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanity Books.
22. Hartman, S.V. 1997. Scenes of subjection: Terror, slavery and self-making in nineteenth century America. New York: Oxford University Press.
23. Hartman, S.V. 2003. The position of the unthought. An interview with Saidiya Hartman conducted by Frank B. Wilderson, III. Qui Parle 13(2): 183–201.
24. Kyomya, M., K.W. Todyrs, and J.J. Amon. 2012. Laws against sodomy and the HIV epidemic in African prisons. The Lancet 380(9839): 310–312.
25. Lee, C.T.T. 2006. Deviant cosmopolitanism: Transgressive globalization and traveling citizenship. Ann Arbor, MI: ProQuest.
26. Loewenthal, L.J.A. 1938. Multiple idiopathic hemorrhagic sarcoma of Kaposi: Report of a fourth case in a full-blooded Negro. Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology 37(6): 972–974.
27. Manalansan, M. 1995. In the shadows of stonewall: Examining gay transnational politics and the diasporic dilemma. GLQ: Journal of Gay and Lesbian Studies 2(4): 425–438.
28. Mayer, K., and M. Mimiaga. 2011. Past as prologue: The refractory and evolving HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men. Clinical Infectious Diseases 52(11): 1371–1373.
29. Mbembé, J.A. 2001. On the postcolony. Berkeley: University of California Press.
30. Mosam, A., J. Aboobaker, and F. Shaik. 2010. Kaposi’s sarcoma in sub-Saharan Africa: A current perspective. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 23(2): 119–123.
31. Oettle, A.G. 1962. Geographical and racial differences in the frequency of Kaposi’s sarcoma as evidence of environmental or genetic causes. Acta: Unio Internationalis Contra Cancrum 18: 330–363.
32. Ostherr, K. 2005. Cinematic prophylaxis: Globalization and contagion in the discourse of world health. Durham: Duke University Press.
33. Ostherr, K. 2013. Medical visions: Producing the patient through film, television, and imaging technologies. New York: Oxford University Press.
34. Palmer, P.E.S., and M.M. Reeder. 2001. The imaging of tropical diseases: With epidemiological, pathological, and clinical correlation: Volume 2. Berlin: Springer.
35. Patterson, O. 1982. Slavery and social death. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
36. Patton, C. 2002. Globalizing AIDS. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
37. Patton, C., and H.J. Kim. 2012. The cost of science: Knowledge and ethics in the HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis trials. Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 9(3): 295–310.
38. Persky, B., and J. Lisa. 1944. Multiple idiopathic hemorrhagic sarcoma of Kaposi in a full-blooded negro. Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology 49(4): 270–272.
39. Pinching, A.J. 1986. AIDS and Africa: Lessons for us all. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 79(9): 501–503.
40. Preda, A. 2005. AIDS, rhetoric, and medical knowledge. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
41. Rothman, S. 1962. Remarks on sex, age and racial distribution of Kaposi’s sarcoma and on possible pathogenetic factors. Acta: Unio Internationalis Contra Cancrum 18: 326–329.
42. Sasco, A.J., A. Jaquet, E. Boidin, et al. 2010. The challenge of AIDS-related malignancies in sub-Saharan Africa. PLoS ONE 5(1): e8621.
43. Serlin, D., ed. 2010. Imagining illness: Analyzing the visual culture of public health from the nineteenth century to the present. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
44. Serwadda, D., W. Carswell, W.O. Ayuko, W. Wamukota, P. Madda, and R.G. Downing. 1986. Further experience with Kaposi’s sarcoma in Uganda. British Journal of Cancer 53(4): 497–500.
45. Shiels, R.A. 1986. A history of Kaposi’s sarcoma. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 79(9): 532–534.
46. Tamale, S. 2009. A human rights impact assessment of the Ugandan anti-homosexuality bill 2009. Speech delivered at the Makerere University in Kampala. The Equal Rights Review 4: 49–57. http://www.equalrightstrust.org/ertdocumentbank/Sylvia.pdf.
47. Taylor, J.F., A.C. Templeton, C.L. Vogel, J.L. Ziegler, and S.K. Kyalwazi. 1971. Kaposi’s sarcoma in Uganda. International Journal of Cancer 8(1): 122–135.
48. Tschachler, E. 2011. Kaposi’s sarcoma. In Sexually transmitted infections and sexually transmitted diseases, edited by G. Gross and S.K. Tyring, 405–410. Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer.
49. Wahman, A., S.L. Melnick, F.S. Rhame, and J.D. Potter. 1991. The epidemiology of classic, African, and immunosuppressed Kaposi’s sarcoma. Epidemiologic Reviews 13: 178–199.
50. Walker, M.B. 2002. Philosophy and the maternal body: Reading silence. London and New York: Routledge.
51. Weber, J. 1984. Is AIDS an epidemic form of African Kaposi’s sarcoma? Discussion paper. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 77(7): 572–576.
52. Wilderson III, F.B. 2003. Gramsci’s black Marx: Whither the slave in civil society? Social Identities 9(2): 225–240.