The changing epidemiology of thyroid cancer: Why is incidence increasing?

Current Opinion in Oncology

Volumn 27, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 1-7

  Vigneri, Riccardo ^a,b   Malandrino, Pasqualino ^a   Vigneri, Paolo ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CATANIA   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CATANIA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Incidence and mortality rates; Risk factors; Thyroid cancer

Indexed keywords

CARCINOGEN; HEAVY METAL; IODINE; NITRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; POLLUTANT;

ARTIFACT; AUTOPSY; CANCER INCIDENCE; CANCER MORTALITY; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER SIZE; HASHIMOTO DISEASE; HEALTH CARE; HUMAN; LIFESTYLE; POLLUTANT; REVIEW; SOCIAL STATUS; THYROID CANCER; THYROID GLAND; ADVERSE EFFECTS; DIET; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; INCIDENCE; RISK FACTOR; SOCIOECONOMICS; THYROID NEOPLASMS; X RAY;

DIET; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; IODINE; LIFE STYLE; RISK FACTORS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; THYROID NEOPLASMS; X-RAYS;

EID: 84916938168     PISSN: 10408746     EISSN: 1531703X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000000148     Document Type: Review

References (29)

1. Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, et al. SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD. http://seer.cancer.- gov/csr/1975-2011/. based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER website, April 2014.
2. Guay B, Johnson-Obaseki S, McDonald JT, et al. Incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer by socioeconomic status and urban residence: Canada 1991-2006. Thyroid 2014; 24: 552-555.
3. Van den Bruel A, Francart J, Dubois C, et al. Regional variation in thyroid cancer incidence in Belgium is associated with variation in thyroid imaging and thyroid disease management. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98: 4063-4071.
4. Ito Y, Nikiforov YE, Schlumberger M, Vigneri R. Increasing incidence of thyroid cancer: Controversies explored. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2013; 9: 178-184.
5. Morris LG, Sikora AG, Tosteson TD, Davies L. The increasing incidence of thyroid cancer: The influence of access to care. Thyroid 2013; 23: 885-891.
6. Davies L, Welch HG. Current thyroid cancer trends in the United States. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2014; 140: 317-322.
7. Lindsey H. Upcoming guidelines for differentiated thyroid cancer expected to stress risk stratification. In: Oncology Times. 25 March 2014.
8. Malone MK, Zagzag J, Ogilvie JB, et al. Thyroid cancers detected by imaging are not necessarily small or early stage. Thyroid 2014; 24: 314-318.
9. Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, et al. SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2010, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD. http://seer.cancer. gov/csr/1975-2010/. based on November 2012 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER website, April 2013
10. Rahib L, Smith BD, Aizenberg R, et al. Projecting cancer incidence and deaths to 2030: The unexpected burden of thyroid, liver, and pancreas cancers in the United States. Cancer Res 2014; 74: 2913-2921.
11. Elisei R. Molecular profiles of papillary thyroid tumors have been changing in the last decades: How could we explain it? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99: 412-414.
12. Jung CK, Little MP, Lubin JH, et al. The increase in thyroid cancer incidence during the last four decades is accompanied by a high frequency of BRAF mutations and a sharp increase in RAS mutations. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99: E276-285.
13. Valle LA, Kloos RT. The prevalence of occult medullary thyroid carcinoma at autopsy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96: E109-E113.
14. Greaves M. Does everyone develop covert cancer? Nat Rev Cancer 2014; 14: 209-210.
15. Komorowski RA, Hanson GA. Occult thyroid pathology in the young adult: An autopsy study of 138 patients without clinical thyroid disease. Hum Pathol 1988; 19: 689-696.
16. Santen RJ, Yue W, Heitjan DF. Occult breast tumor reservoir: Biological properties and clinical significance. Horm Cancer 2013; 4: 195-207.
17. Reitzel LR, Nguyen N, Li N, et al. Trends in thyroid cancer incidence in Texas from 1995 to 2008 by socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity. Thyroid 2014; 24: 556-567.
18. Aschebrook-Kilfoy B, Kaplan EL, Chiu BC, et al. The acceleration in papillary thyroid cancer incidence rates is similar among racial and ethnic groups in the United States. Ann Surg Oncol 2013; 20: 2746-2753.
19. Finlayson A, Barnes I, Sayeed S, et al. Incidence of thyroid cancer in England by ethnic group, 2001-2007. Br J Cancer 2014; 110: 1322-1327.
20. AIRTUM Workgroup. Cancer in children and adolescents. Epidemiol Prev 2013; 37: 1-296.
21. Pellegriti G, Frasca F, Regalbuto C, et al. Worldwide increasing incidence of thyroid cancer: Update on epidemiology and risk factors. J Cancer Epidemiol 2013; 2013: 965212.
22. Dong W, Zhang H, Zhang P, et al. The changing incidence of thyroid carcinoma in Shenyang, China before and after universal salt iodization. Med Sci Monit 2013; 19: 49-53.
23. Rose NR, Bonita R, Burek CL. Iodine: An environmental trigger of thyroiditis. Autoimmun Rev 2002; 1: 97-103.
24. Liu CL, Cheng SP, Lin HW, Lai YL. Risk of thyroid cancer in patients with thyroiditis: A population-based cohort study. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 21: 843-849.
25. Oh CM, Park S, Lee JY, et al. Increased prevalence of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis in Korean patients with papillary thyroid cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9: E99054.
26. Marcello MA, Malandrino P, Almeida JF, et al. The influence of the environment on the development of thyroid tumors: A new appraisal. Endocr Relat Cancer 2014; 21: T235-T254.
27. Aschebrook-Kilfoy B, Shu XO, Gao YT, et al. Thyroid cancer risk and dietary nitrate and nitrite intake in the Shanghai women's health study. Int J Cancer 2013; 132: 897-904.
28. Malandrino P, Scollo C, Marturano I, et al. Descriptive epidemiology of human thyroid cancer: Experience from a regional registry and the 'volcanic factor'. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2013; 4: 65.
29. Aschebrook-Kilfoy B, Schechter RB, Shih YC, et al. The clinical and economic burden of a sustained increase in thyroid cancer incidence. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22: 1252-1259.