Foliar trait contrasts between African forest and savanna trees: Genetic versus environmental effects

Functional Plant Biology

Volumn 42, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 63-83

  Schrodt, Franziska ^a,n,o   Domingues, Tomas F ^b,p   Feldpausch, Ted R ^a,q   Saiz, Gustavo ^c   Quesada, Carlos Alberto ^d   Schwarz, Michael ^e   Ishida, F Yoko ^d,f   Compaore, Halidou ^g   Diallo, Adamo ^h   Djagbletey, Gloria ⁱ   Hien, Fidele ^j   Sonké, Bonaventure ^k   Toedoumg, Herman ^k   Zapfack, Loius ^k   Hiernaux, Pierre ^f   Mougin, Eric ^l   Bird, Michael I ^b   Grace, John ^a,l   Lewis, Simon L ^m   Veenendaal, Elmar M ^g   Lloyd, Jon ^g,r   more..

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^c KARLSRUHE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

^d INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA   (Brazil)

^e Fieldwork Assistance   (Germany)

^f JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^g INSTITUT DE L'ENVIRONNEMENT ET DE RECHERCHES AGRICOLES   (Burkina Faso)

^h Centre National des Semences Forestieres   (Burkina Faso)

ⁱ FORESTRY RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF GHANA   (Ghana)

^j OBSERVATOIRE MIDI PYRÉNÉES   (France)

^k UNIVERSITY OF YAOUNDÉ I   (Cameroon)

^l UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^m WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

ⁿ MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY   (Germany)

^o GERMAN CENTRE FOR INTEGRATIVE BIODIVERSITY RESEARCH IDIV HALLE JENA LEIPZIG   (Germany)

^p UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO   (Brazil)

^q UNIVERSITY OF EXETER   (United Kingdom)

^r IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

more..

Author keywords

foliar cations; leaf mass per unit area; leaf physiology; nitrogen; phenology; phosphorus; plant functional traits; potassium; tropical; West Africa; zone of transition.

Indexed keywords

CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT; GENETICS; LEAF AREA INDEX; LIMITING FACTOR; PHENOLOGY; SAVANNA; SOIL CHEMISTRY; SOIL NUTRIENT; TRANSITION ZONE; WATER AVAILABILITY;

WEST AFRICA;

EID: 84916898132     PISSN: 14454408     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1071/FP14040     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Anderson MJ (2001) A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance. Austral Ecology 26, 32-46.
2. Anderson MJ (2006) Distance-based tests for homogeneity of multivariate dispersions. Biometrics 62, 245-253. doi:10.1111/j.1541-0420.2005. 00440.x
3. Aranibar JN, Otter L, Macko SA, Feral CJ, Epstein HE, Dowty PR, Eckardt F, Shugart HH, Swap RJ (2004) Nitrogen cycling in the soil-plant system along a precipitation gradient in the Kalahari sands. Global Change Biology 10, 359-373. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2003.00698.x
4. Arbonnier M (2004) Trees, shrubs and lianas of West African dry zones. (Editions Quae: Paris)
5. Bartlett MK, Scoffoni C, Sack L (2012) The determinants of leaf turgor loss point and prediction of drought tolerance of species and biomes: A global meta-Analysis. Ecology Letters 15, 393-405. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248. 2012.01751.x
6. Battie-Laclau P, Laclau J-P, Beri C, Mietton L, MunizMRA, Arenque BC, De Cassia Piccolo M, Jordan-Meille L, Bouillet J-P, Nouvellon Y (2014) Photosynthetic and anatomical responses of Eucalyptus grandis leaves to potassium and sodium supply in a field experiment. Plant, Cell &Environment 37, 70-81. doi:10.1111/pce.12131
7. Brodribb TJ, Holbrook NM, Gutiérrez MV (2002) Hydraulic and photosynthetic co-ordination in seasonally dry tropical forest trees. Plant, Cell &Environment 25, 1435-1444. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3040. 2002.00919.x
8. Buckley R, Wasson R, Gubb A (1987) Phosphorus and potassium status of arid timefield soils in central Australia and Southern Africa, and biogeographic implications. Journal of Arid Environments 13, 211-216.
9. Buckley TN, Miller JD, Farquhar GD (2002) The mathematics of linked optimisation for water and nitrogen use in a canopy. Silva Fennica 36, 639-669.
10. Cernusak LA, Hutley LB, Beringer J, Holtum JA, Turner BL (2011) Photosynthetic physiology of eucalypts along a sub-continental rainfall gradient in northern Australia. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 151, 1462-1470. doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.01.006
11. Chabot BF, Hicks DJ (1982) The ecology of leaf life spans. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 13, 229-259. doi:10.1146/annurev.es.13. 110182.001305
12. Chave J, Navarrete D, Almeida S, Alvarez E, Aragão LEOC, Bonal D, Châtelet P, Silva-Espejo JE, Goret JY, von Hildebrand P, Jiménez E, Patiño S, Peñuela MC, Phillips OL, Stevenson P, Malhi Y (2010) Regional and seasonal patterns of litterfall in tropical South America. Biogeosciences 7, 43-55. doi:10.5194/bg-7-43-2010
13. Cochrane TT (1989) Chemical properties of native savanna and forest soils in central Brazil. Soil Science Society of America Journal 53, 139-141. doi:10.2136/sssaj1989.03615995005300010026x
14. Cunningham SA, Summerhayes B, Westoby M (1999) Evolutionary divergences in leaf structure and chemistry, comparing rainfall and soil nutrient gradients. Ecological Monographs 69, 569-588. doi:10.1890/ 0012-9615(1999)069[0569:EDILSA]2.0.CO;2
15. De Bie S, Ketner P, Paasse M, Geerling C (1998) Woody plant phenology in the West Africa savanna. Journal of Biogeography 25, 883-900. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2699.1998.00229.x
16. Devineau J-L (1999) Seasonal rhythms and phenological plasticity of savanna woody species in a fallow farming system (south-west Burkina Faso). Journal of Tropical Ecology 15, 497-513. doi:10.1017/S02664674990 00978
17. Domingues TF, Meir P, Feldpausch TR, Saiz G, Veenendaal EM, Schrodt F, Bird M, Djagbletey G, Hien F, Compaore H, Diallo A, Grace J, Lloyd J (2010) Co-limitation of photosynthetic capacity by nitrogen and phosphorus in West Africa woodlands. Plant, Cell &Environment 33, 959-980. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02119.x
18. Flury B (1988) Common principal components and related multivariate models. (Wiley: New York)
19. Fonseca CR, Overton JMC, Collins B, Westoby M (2000) Shifts in traitcombinations along rainfall and phosphorus gradients. Journal of Ecology 88, 964-977. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2745.2000.00506.x
20. Fyllas NM, Patiño S, Baker TR, Bielefeld Nardoto G, Martinelli LA, Quesada CA, Paiva R, Schwarz M, Horna V, Mercado LM, Santos A, Arroyo L, Jiménez EM, Luizão FJ, Neill DA, Silva N, Prieto A, Rudas A, Silviera M, Vieira ICG, Lopez-Gonzalez G, Malhi Y, Phillips OL, Lloyd J (2009) Basin-wide variations in foliar properties of Amazonian forest: phylogeny, soils and climate. Biogeosciences 6, 2677-2708. doi:10.5194/bg-6-2677-2009
21. Fyllas NM, Quesada CA, Lloyd J (2012) Deriving plant functional types for Amazonian forests for use in vegetation dynamics models. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 14, 97-110. doi:10.1016/ j.ppees.2011.11.001
22. Galwey NW (2006) Introduction to mixed modelling: beyond regression and analysis of variance. (Wiley: Chichester, UK) Gee GS
23. BauderJW(1986) Particle-size analysis. In Methods in soil analysis. Part 1. Physical and mineralogical methods. (Ed. A Kluite) pp. 383-409. (SSSA and ASA: Madison, WI, USA)
24. Gotsch S, Geiger E, Franco A, Goldstein G, Meinzer F, HoffmannW(2010) Allocation to leaf area and sapwood area affects water relations of co-occurring savanna and forest trees. Oecologia 163, 291-301. doi:10.1007/s00442-009-1543-2
25. Gower JC (1971) A general coefficient of similarity and some of its properties. Biometrics 27, 857-871. doi:10.2307/2528823
26. Hall NM, Peyrillé P (2006) Dynamics of the West African monsoon. Journal de Physique. IV 139, 81-99. doi:10.1051/jp4:2006139007
27. Hao G-Y, HoffmannWA, Scholz FG, Bucci SJ, Meinzer FC, Franco AC, Cao K-F, Goldstein G (2008) Stem and leaf hydraulics of congeneric tree species from adjacent tropical savanna and forest ecosystems. Oecologia 155, 405-415. doi:10.1007/s00442-007-0918-5
28. Hijmans RJ, Cameron SE, Parra JL, Jones PG, Jarvis A (2005) Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25, 1965-1978. doi:10.1002/ joc.1276
29. Hoffmann WA, Franco AC (2003) Comparative growth analysis of tropical forest and savanna woody plants using phylogenetically independent contrasts. Journal of Ecology 91, 475-484. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2745. 2003.00777.x
30. Hoffmann W, Franco A, Moreira M, HaridasanM(2005a) Specific leaf area explains differences in leaf traits between congeneric savanna and forest trees. Functional Ecology 19, 932-940. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2435.2005. 01045.x
31. Hoffmann WA, Franco AC, Moreira MZ, Haridasan M (2005b) Specific leaf area explains differences in leaf traits between congeneric savanna and forest trees. Functional Ecology 19, 932-940. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2435.2005.01045.x
32. Hoffmann WA, Adasme R, Haridasan M, de Carvalho MT, Geiger EL, Pereira MAB, Gotsch SG, Franco AC (2009) Tree topkill, not mortality, governs the dynamics of savanna-forest boundaries under frequent fire in central Brazil. Ecology 90, 1326-1337. doi:10.1890/ 08-0741.1
33. Hoffmann WA, Geiger EL, Gotsch SG, Rossatto DR, Silva LC, Lau OL, Haridasan M, Franco AC (2012) Ecological thresholds at the savannaforest boundary:howplant traits, resources andfire govern the distribution of tropical biomes. Ecology Letters 15, 759-768. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01789.x
34. Ishida A, Nakano T, Yazaki K, Matsuki S, Koike N, Lauenstein DL, Shimizu M, Yamashita N (2008) Coordination between leaf and stem traits related to leaf carbon gain and hydraulics across 32 droughttolerant angiosperms. Oecologia 156, 193-202. doi:10.1007/s00442-008-0965-6
35. Legendre P, Legendre L (2012) Numerical ecology. (Elsevier: Amsterdam)
36. Lehmann CER, Archibald SA, Hoffmann WA, Bond WJ (2011) Deciphering the distribution of the savanna biome. New Phytologist 191, 197-209. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03689.x
37. Leigh RA, Wyn Jones RG (1984) A hypothesis relating critical potassium concentrations for growth to the distribution and function of this ion in the plant cell. New Phytologist 97, 1-13. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1984. Tb04103.x
38. Lloyd J, Goulden M, Ometto JP, Fyllas NM, Quesada CA, Patino S (2009) Ecophysiology of forest and savanna vegetation. In Amazonia and climate change. (Eds M Keller, J Gash, P Silva Dias.) pp. 463-484. (American Geophysical Union: Washington DC)
39. Lloyd J, Patiño S, Paiva RQ, Nardoto GB, Quesada CA, Santos AJB, Baker TR, Brand WA, Hilke I, Gielmann H, Raessler M, Luizão FJ, Martinelli LA, Mercado LM (2010) Optimisation of photosynthetic carbon gain and within-canopy gradients of associated foliar traits for Amazon forest trees. Biogeosciences 7, 1833-1859. doi:10.5194/bg-7-1833-2010
40. Lloyd J, Bloomfield K, Domingues TF, Farquhar GD (2013) Photosynthetically relevant foliar traits correlating better on a mass vs an area basis: of ecophysiological relevance or just a case of mathematical imperatives and statistical quicksand? New Phytologist 199, 311-321. doi:10.1111/nph.12281
41. Midgley GF, Aranibar JN, Mantlana KB, Macko S (2004) Photosynthetic and gas exchange characteristics of dominant woody plants on a moisture gradient in an African savanna. Global Change Biology 10, 309-317. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2003.00696.x
42. Oksanen J, Blanchet FG, Kindt R, Legendre P, Minchin PR, OHara R, Simpson GL, Solymos P, Stevens M, Wagner H (2012) vegan: community ecology package. R package. ver. 2.0-2. 2011. Available at http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=vegan
43. Osnas JL, Lichstein JW, Reich PB, Pacala SW (2013) Global leaf trait relationships: mass, area, and the leaf economics spectrum. Science 340, 741-744. doi:10.1126/science.1231574
44. Patiño S, Fyllas NM, Baker TR, Paiva R, Quesada CA, Santos AJB, Schwarz M, ter Steege H, Phillips OL, Lloyd J (2012) Coordination of physiological and structural traits in Amazon forest trees. Biogeosciences 9, 775-801. doi:10.5194/bg-9-775-2012
45. Pella E (1990) Elemental organic analysis. Part 2. State of the art. American Laboratory 22, 28-32.
46. Phillips PC, Arnold SJ (1999) Hierarchical comparison of genetic variancecovariance matrices. I. Using the Flury hierarchy. Evolution 53, 1506-1515. doi:10.2307/2640896
47. Pinheiro JC, Bates DM (2000) Mixed effects models in S and S-PLUS. (Springer-Verlag: Berlin)
48. Pleysier JL, JuoASR(1980)Asingle-extraction method using silver-thiourea for measuring exchangeable cations and effective CEC in soils with variable charges. Soil Science 129, 205-211.
49. Pinheiro J, Bates D, DebRoy S, SarkarD(2011) R Development Core Team. nlme: linear and nonlinear mixed effects models. R package ver. 3.1-98. (R Foundation for Statistical Computing: Vienna)
50. Poorter H, Villar R (1997) The fate of acquired carbon in plants: chemical composition and construction costs. In Plant resource allocation. (Eds FA Bazzaz, J Grace) pp. 39-72. (Academic Press: San Diego, CA, USA)
51. Poorter H, Niinemets U, Poorter L, Wright IJ, Villar R (2009) Causes and consequences of variation in leaf mass per area (LMA): A metaanalysis. New Phytologist 182, 565-588. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137. 2009.02830.x
52. Poupon H (1979) Etude de la phénologie de la strate ligneuse aFété Olé (Sénégal septentrional) de 1971 a1977. Bulletin de lInstitut Fondamental dAfrique Noire, Tome 41, 44-85.
53. Quesada CA, Lloyd J, Schwarz M, Patiño S, Baker TR, Czimczik C, Fyllas NM, Martinelli L, Nardoto GB, Schmerler J, Santos AJB, Hodnett MG, Herrera R, Luizão FJ, Arneth A, Lloyd G, Dezzeo N, Hilke I, Kuhlmann I, Raessler M, Brand WA, Geilmann H, Moraes Filho JO, Carvalho FP, Araujo FilhoRN, Chaves JE, Cruz JuniorOF, Pimentel TP, PaivaR(2010) Variations in chemical and physical properties of Amazon forest soils in relation to their genesis. Biogeosciences 7, 1515-1541. doi:10.5194/bg-7-1515-2010
54. Quesada CA, Lloyd J, Anderson LO, Fyllas NM, Schwarz M, Czimczik CI (2011) Soils of Amazonia with particular reference to theRAINFORsites. Biogeosciences 8, 1415-1440. doi:10.5194/bg-8-1415-2011
55. R-Development-Core-Team (2012) R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Available at http://www.R-project.org/
56. Ratnam J, Bond WJ, Fensham RJ, HoffmannWA, Archibald S, Lehmann CE, Anderson MT, Higgins SI, Sankaran M (2011) When is a foresta savanna, and why does it matter? Global Ecology and Biogeography 20, 653-660. doi:10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00634.x
57. Ratter J (1992) Transition between cerrado and forest vegetation in Brazil. In Nature and dynamics of forest-savanna boundaries. (Eds P Furley, J Proctor, JA Ratter) pp. 417-430. (Chapman and Hall: London)
58. Rossatto DR, Hoffmann WA, Franco AC (2009) Differences in growth patterns between co-occurring forest and savanna trees affect the forest-savanna boundary. Functional Ecology 23, 689-698. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01568.x
59. Saiz G, Bird MI, Domingues TF, Schrodt F, Schwarz M, Feldpausch TR, Veenendaal EM, Djagbletey G, Hien F, Compaore H, Diallo A, Lloyd J (2012) Variation in soil carbon stocks and their determinants across a precipitation gradient in West Africa. Global Change Biology 18, 1670-1683. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02657.x
60. Schulze E-D, Williams RJ, Farquhar GD, Schulze W, Langridge J, Miller JM, Walker BH (1998) Carbon and nitrogen isotope discrimination and nitrogen nutrition of trees along a rainfall gradient in northern Australia. Functional Plant Biology 25, 413-425.
61. Thompson J, Viana J, Proctor J, Ratter J (1992) Contrasting forest-savanna boundaries on Maraca Island, Roraima, Brazil. In Nature and dynamics of forest-savanna boundaries. (Eds P Furley, J Proctor, JA Ratter) pp. 367-391. (Chapman and Hall: London)
62. Torello-Raventos M, Feldpausch TR, Veenendaal E, Schrodt F, Saiz G, Domingues TF, Djagbletey G, Ford A, Kemp J, Marimon BS, Marimon BH, Lenza E, Ratter JA, Maracahipes L, Sasaki D, Sonke B, Zapfack L, Taedoumg H, Villarroel D, Schwarz M, Quesada CA, Ishida FY, Nardoto GB, Affum-Baffoe K, Arroyo L, BowmanDMJS, Compaore H, Davies K, Diallo A, Fyllas NM, Gilpin M, Hien F, Johnson M, Killeen TJ, Metcalfe D, Miranda HS, SteiningerM, ThomsonJ, Sykora K, Mougin E, Hiernaux P, Bird MI, Grace J, Lewis SL, Phillips OL, Lloyd J (2013) On the delineation of tropical vegetation types with an emphasis on forest/ savanna transitions. Plant Ecology &Diversity 6, 101-137. doi:10.1080/ 17550874.2012.762812
63. Veenendaal E, Torello-Raventos M, Feldpausch T, Domingues TF, Gerard FF, Schrodt F, Saiz G, Quesada CA, Djagbletey G, Ford A, Kemp J, Marimon BS, Marimon Junior BH, Lenza E, Ratter JA, Maracahipes L, Sasaki D, Sonké B, Zapfack L, VillarroelD, SchwarzM, Ishida FY, Gilpin M, Nardoto GB, Affum-Baffoe K, Arroyo L, Bloomfield K, Gjeca G, Compaore H, Davies K, Diallo A, FyllasNM, Gignoux J, Hien F, Johnson M, Mougin E, Hiernaux P, Killeen TJ, Metcalfe D, Miranda HS, Steininger M, Sykora K, Bird MI, Grace J, Lewis SL, Phillips OL, Lloyd J (2014) Structural, physiognomic and aboveground biomass variation in savanna-forest transition zones on three continents. How different are co-occurring savanna and forest formations? Biogeosciences Discussions 11, 4591-4636. doi:10.5194/bgd-11-4591-2014
64. Villar R, Ruiz Robleto J, de Jong Y, Poorter H (2006) Differences in construction costs and chemical composition between deciduous and evergreen woody species are small as compared to differences among families. Plant, Cell&Environment 29, 1629-1643. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2006.01540.x
65. Walter H, Mueller-Dombois D (1971) Ecology of tropical and subtropical vegetation. (Oliver &Boyd: Edinburgh, UK)
66. Warton DI, Duursma RA, Falster DS, Taskinen S (2012) smatr 3-An R package for estimation and inference about allometric lines. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 3, 257-259. doi:10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011. 00153.x
67. Wei H, Wu B, Yang W, Luo T (2011) Low rainfall-induced shift in leaf trait relationship within species along a semi-Arid sandy land transect in northern China. Plant Biology 13, 85-92. doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677. 2010.00321.x
68. Williams LJ, Bunyavejchewin S, Baker PJ (2008) Deciduousness in a seasonal tropical forest in western Thailand: interannual and intraspecific variation in timing, duration and environmental cues. Oecologia 155, 571-582. doi:10.1007/s00442-007-0938-1
69. Wood SN (2006) Generalized additive models: An introduction with R. (CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, USA)
70. Wood SN (2011) Fast stable restricted maximum likelihood and marginal likelihood estimation of semiparametric generalized linear models. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B, Statistical Methodology 73, 3-36. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9868.2010.00749.x
71. Wright IJ, Reich PB, Westoby M (2001) Strategy shifts in leaf physiology, structure and nutrient content between species of high-And low-rainfall and high-And low-nutrient habitats. Functional Ecology 15, 423-434. doi:10.1046/j.0269-8463.2001.00542.x
72. Wright IJ, Westoby M, Reich PB (2002) Convergence towards higher leaf mass per area in dry and nutrient-poor habitats has different consequences for leaf life span. Journal of Ecology 90, 534-543. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2745.2002.00689.x
73. Wright IJ, Reich PB, Cornelissen JHC, Falster DS, Groom PK, Hikosaka K, LeeW, LuskCH, Niinemets U, Oleksyn J, Osada N, Poorter H, WartonDI, Westoby M (2005) Modulation of leaf economic traits and trait relationships by climate. Global Ecology and Biogeography 14, 411-421. doi:10.1111/j.1466-822x.2005.00172.x