White-coat hypertension, as defined by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, and subclinical cardiac organ damage: Ameta-analysis

Journal of Hypertension

Volumn 33, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 24-32

  Cuspidi, Cesare ^a,b   Rescaldani, Marta ^c   Tadic, Marijana ^d   Sala, Carla ^c   Grassi, Guido ^a,e   Mancia, Giuseppe ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MILANO BICOCCA   (Italy)

^b ISTITUTO AUXOLOGICO ITALIANO   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MILAN   (Italy)

^d Surgical Clinic   (Serbia)

^e MARIO NEGRI INSTITUTE FOR PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH   (Italy)

Author keywords

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring; Cardiac damage; White coat hypertension

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; BLOOD PRESSURE; BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING; COMPLICATION; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; ECHOGRAPHY; HEART VENTRICLE; HUMAN; HYPERTROPHY, LEFT VENTRICULAR; MALE; META ANALYSIS; MIDDLE AGED; PATHOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; PROGNOSIS; WHITE COAT HYPERTENSION; YOUNG ADULT;

ADULT; AGED; BLOOD PRESSURE; BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING, AMBULATORY; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; HEART VENTRICLES; HUMANS; HYPERTROPHY, LEFT VENTRICULAR; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PROGNOSIS; WHITE COAT HYPERTENSION; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84916880376     PISSN: 02636352     EISSN: 14735598     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000416     Document Type: Review

References (52)

1. Pickering TG, James GD, Boddie G, Harshfield GA, Blank S, Laragh JH. How common is white-coat hypertension? JAMA 1988; 259: 225-228.
2. Owens P, Atkins N, O'Brien E. Diagnosis of white coat hypertension by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Hypertension 1999; 34: 267-272.
3. Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, Redon J, Zanchetti A, Bohm M, et al. 2013 ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of hypertension. J Hypertens 2013; 31: 1281-1357.
4. Niiranen TJ, Jula AM, Kantola IM, Reunanen A. Prevalence and determinants of isolated clinic hypertension in the Finnish population. J Hypertens 2006; 24: 463-470.
5. Cuspidi C, Parati G. Isolated clinic hypertension in a general population. J Hypertens 2006; 24: 437-440.
6. Mancia G. White coat hypertension. Innnocuous or adverse phenomenon? Eur Heart J 2000; 21: 1647-1648.
7. Mancia G, Bombelli M, Seravalle G, Grassi G. Diagnosis and management of patients with white coat and masked hypertension. Nat Rev Cardiol 2011; 8: 686-693.
8. Zakopoulos N, Papamichael C, Papaconstantinou H, Dubbins PA, Burrell CJ, Lekakis J, et al. Isolated clinic hypertension is not an innocent phenomenon: Effect on the carotid artery. Am J Hypertens 1999; 12: 245-250.
9. Di Mauro S, Spallina G, Scalia G, Insolia G, Borzi S, Distefano A, Torrisi G. Urinary albumin excretion in elderly patients with white coat hypertension. Arch Gerontol Geriatric 1999; 28: 23-29.
10. Triantafyllou A, Doumas M, Anyfanti P, Gkaliagkousi E, Zabulis X, Petidis K, et al. Divergent retinal vascular abnormalities in normotensive persons and patients with never-Treated, masked, with coat hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2013; 26: 318-325.
11. Khattar RS, Senior R, Lahiri A. Cardiovascular outcome in white-coat versus sustained mild hypertension. A 10-year follow-up study. Circulation 1998; 98: 1892-1897.
12. Strandberg TE, Saloma V. White coat effect: Blood pressure and mortality in men: Prospective cohort study. Eur Heart J 2000; 21: 1714-1718.
13. Gustavsen PH, Hoegholm A, Bang LE, Kristensen KS. White coat hypertension is a cardiovascular risk factor: A 10-year follow-up study. J Hum Hypertens 2003; 17: 811-817.
14. Pierdomenico SD, Cuccurullo F. Prognostic value of white coat and masked hypertension diagnosed by ambulatory monitoring in initially untreated subjects: An updated meta-Analysis. Am J Hypertens 2011; 24: 52-58.
15. Franklin SS, Thijs L, Hansen TW, Li Y, Boggia J, Kikuya M, et al. Significance of white coat hypertension in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension: A meta-Analysis using the International Database on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in relation to Cardiovascular Outcomes Population. Hypertension 2012; 59: 564-571.
16. Cardillo C, De Felice F, Campia U, Folli G. Psychophysiological reactivity and cardiac end-organ changes in white coat hypertension. Hypertension 1993; 21: 836-844.
17. HoegholmA, Kristensen KS, Bang LE, Nielsen JW, Nielsen WB, Madsen NH. Left ventricular mass and geometry in patients with established hypertension and white coat hypertension. Am J Hypertens 1993; 6: 282-286.
18. Kuwajiama I, Suzuki Y, Fujisawa A, Kuramoto K. Is white coat hypertension innocent? Structure and function of the heart in the elderly. Hypertension 1993; 22: 826-831.
19. Cavallini MC, Roman MJ, Pickering TG, Schwartz JE, Pini R, Devereux RB. Is white coat hypertension associated with arterial disease or left ventricular hypertrophy? Hypertension 1995; 26: 413-419.
20. Cuspidi C, Marabini M, Lonati L, Sampieri L, Comerio G, Pelizzoli S, et al. Cardiac and carotid structure in patients with established hypertension and white-coat hypertension. J Hypertens 1995; 13: 1707-1711.
21. Pierdomenico SD, Lapenna D, Guglielmi MD, Antidormi T, Schiavone C, Cuccurullo F, Mezzetti A. Target organ status and serum lipids in patients with white coat hypertension. Hypertension 1995; 26: 801-807.
22. Rizzo V, Cicconetti P, Bianchi A, Lorido A, Morelli S, Vetta F, et al. White-coat hypertension and cardiac organ damage in elderly subjects. J Hum Hypertens 1996; 10: 293-298.
23. Glen SK, Eliott HL, Curzio JL, Lees KR, Reid JL. White-coat hypertension as a cause of cardiovasacular dysfunction. Lancet 1996; 348: 654-657.
24. Palatini P, Mormino P, Santonastaso M, Mos L, Dal Follo M, Zanata G, et al. Target-organ damage in stage I hypertensive subjects with white coat and sustained hypertension. Results from the HARVEST study. Hypertension 1998; 31: 57-63.
25. Owens PE, Lyons SP, Rodriguez SA, O'Brien ET. Is elevation of clinic blood pressure in patients wth white coat hypertension who have normal ambulatory blood pressure associated with target organ changeš J Hum Hypertens 1999; 12: 743-748.
26. Martinez MA, Garcia-Puig J, Martin JC, Guallar-Castillon P, Aguirre de Carcer A, Torre A, et al. Frequency and determinants of white-coat hypertension in mild to moderate hypertension. A primary care-based study. Am J Hypertens 1999; 12: 251-259.
27. Sega R, Trocino G, Lanzarotti A, Carugo S, Cesana G, Schiavina R, et al. Alterations of cardiac structure in patients with isolated office, ambulatory, or home hypertension. Data from the general population [Pressioni Arteriose Monitorate E Loro Associazioni (PAMELA) Study]. Circulation 2001; 104: 1385-1392.
28. Grandi AM, Broggi R, Colombo S, Santillo R, Imperiale D, Bertolini A, et al. Left ventricular changes in isolated office hypertension. A blood pressure-matched comparison with normotension and sustained hypertension. Arch Intern Med 2001; 161: 2677-2681.
29. Bjorklund K, Lind L, Vessby B, Andrèn B, Lithell H. Different metabolic predictors of white coat hypertension and sustained hypertension over a 20-year follow-up period: A population-based study of elderly men. Circulation 2002; 106: 63-68.
30. Silveira A, Mesquita A, Maldonado J, Silva JA, Polonia J. White coat effect in treated and untreated patients with high office blood pressure. Relationship with pulse wave velocity and left ventricular mass index. Rev Port Cardiol 2002; 21: 517-530.
31. Pose-Reino A, Rodriguez-Fernandez M, Lopez-Barreiro L, Coleman IC, Estevez-Nunez JC, Mendez-Naya I. Diagnostic criteria of white coat hypertension (WCH): Consequences for the implications of WCH for target organs. Blood Press 2002; 11: 144-150.
32. Karter Y, Curgunlu A, Altnisik S, Erturk N, Vehid S, Mihmani I, et al. Target organ damage and changes in arterial compliance in white coat hypertension. Is white coat innocent ? Blood Press 2003; 12: 307-313.
33. Curgunlu A, Karter Y, Uzun H, Aydin S, Erturk N, Vehid S, et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia: An additional risk factor in white coat hypertension. Int Heart J 2005; 46: 245-254.
34. Erdogan D, Caliskan M, Gullu H, Yildirim I, Ozer I, Ozgul A, Muderrisoglu H. Aortic elastic properties and left ventricular diastolic function in white-coat hypertensive indviduals. Blood Press Monit 2006; 11: 191-198.
35. Cuspidi C, Meani S, Fusi V, Sala C, Zanchetti A, Mancia G. How reliable is isolated clinic hypertension defined by a single ambulatory blood pressure monitorinʇ J Hypertens 2007; 25: 315-320.
36. Mulè G, Nardi E, Cottone S, Cusimano P, Incalcaterra F, Palermo A, et al. Metabolic syndrome in subjects with white-coat hypertension: Impact on left ventricular structure and function. J Hum Hypertens 2007; 21: 854-860.
37. Kotsis V, Stabouli S, Toumanidis S, Papamichael C, Lekakis J, Germanidis G, et al. Target organ damage in 'white coat hypertension' and 'masked hypertension'. Am J Hypertens 2008; 21: 393-399.
38. Ihm SH, Youn HJ, Park CS, Kim HY, Chang K, Seung KB, et al. Target organ status in white-coat hypertensives, uselfulness of serum procollagen type I propeptide in the respect of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Circ J 2009; 73: 100-105.
39. Sung SH, Cheng HM, Wang KL, Yu WC, Chuang SY, Ting CT, et al. White coat hypertension is more risky than prehypertension: Important role of arterial wave reflections. Hypertension 2013; 61: 1346-1353.
40. Caliskan M, Ciftci O, Gullu H, Kaliskan Z, Guven A, Erdogan D, Muderrisoglu H. Effect of masked, white-coat, and sustained hypertension on coronary flow reserve and peripheral endothelial functions. Clin Exp Hypertens 2013; 35: 183-191.
41. Schillaci G, Verdecchia P, Porcellati C, Cuccurullo O, Cosco C, Perticone F. Continuous relation between left ventricular mass and cardiovascular risk in essential hypertension. Hypertension 2000; 35: 580-586.
42. Cuspidi C, Facchetti R, Bombelli M, Sala C, Grassi G, Mancia G. Different prognostic value of left ventricular mass index and wall thickness in predicting cardiovascular prognosis: Data from the PAMELA population. Am J Hypertens 2014; 8: 1079-1086.
43. Ruilope LM, Schmieder RE. Left ventricular hypertrophy and clinical outcomes in hypertensive patients. Am J Hypertens 2008; 21: 500-506.
44. Diez J, Frohlich E. A translational approach to hypertensive heart disease. Hypertension 2010; 55: 1-8.
45. Raman SV. The hypertensive heart. An integrated understanding informed by imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 55: 91-96.
46. Frohlich E, Gonzales A, Diez J. Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy risk: Beyond adaptive cardiomyocytic hypertrophy. J Hypertens 2011; 29: 17-26.
47. Schirmer H, Lunde P, Rasmussen K. Mitral flow derived Doppler indices of left ventricular diastolic function in a general population. The Tromso study. Eur Heart J 2000; 21: 1376-1386.
48. Bella JN, Palmieri V, Roman MJ, Liu JE, Welty TK, Lee ET, et al. Mitral ratio of peak early to late diastolic filling velocity as a predictor of mortality in middle-Aged and elderly adults. The Strong Heart Study. Circulation 2002; 105: 1928-1933.
49. Douglas PS. The left atrium. A biomarker of chronic diastolic dysfunction and cardiovascular disease risk. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003; 44: 1206-1207.
50. Kizer JR, Bella JN, Palmieri V, Liu JE, Best LG, Lee ET, et al. Left atrial diameter as an independent predictor of first cardiovascular events in middle-Aged and elderly adults: The Strong Heart Study (SHS). Am Heart J 2006; 151: 412-418.
51. Leung DY, Chi C, Allman C, Boyd D, Ng AC, Kadappu KK, et al. Prognostic implications of left atrial volume index in patients with sinus rhythm. Am J Cardiol 2010; 105: 1635-1639.
52. Cuspidi C, Facchetti R, Bombelli M, Sala C, Negri F, Grassi G, Mancia G. Night-Time blood pressure and new onset left ventricular hypertrophy; findings from the PAMELA population. Hypertension 2013; 62: 78-84.