Conflicting messages? The IPCC on conflict and human security

Political Geography

Volumn 43, Issue , 2014, Pages 82-90

  Gleditsch, Nils Petter ^a,b   Nordås, Ragnhild ^a  

^a PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE OSLO PRIO   (Norway)

^b NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Norway)

Author keywords

Climate change; Conflict; Human security; IPCC AR5; Violence

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; CONFLICT MANAGEMENT; INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE; NATIONAL SECURITY; VIOLENCE;

EID: 84914147390     PISSN: 09626298     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2014.08.007     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Becker M. Globale Erwärmung: Studie über Klimawandel-Kriege stößt auf heftige Kritik. Der Spiegel 1 August 2013, http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/natur/klimawandel-studie-ueber-gewalt-anstieg-stoesst-auf-heftige-kritik-a-913966.html.
2. Bergholt D., Lujala P. Climate-related natural disasters, economic growth, and armed civil conflict. Journal of Peace Research 2012, 49(1):147-162.
3. Bernauer T., Böhmelt T., Buhaug H., Gleditsch N.P., Weibust E.B., Tribaldos T., et al. Intrastate water-related conflict and cooperation (WARRIC): a new event dataset. International Interactions 2012, 38(4):529-545.
4. Bernauer T., Böhmelt T., Koubi V. Environmental changes and violent conflict. Environmental Research Letters 2012, 7(1):015601. 1-8.
5. Brochmann M., Gleditsch N.P. Shared rivers and conflict - a reconsideration. Political Geography 2012, 31(8):519-527.
6. Budescu D.V., Broomell S., Por H.H. Improving communication of uncertainty in the reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Psychological Science 2009, 20(3):299-308.
7. Buhaug H. Climate not to blame for African civil wars. PNAS 2010, 107(2010):16477-16482.
8. Buhaug H. Concealing agreements over climate-conflict results. PNAS 2014, 111(6). E636.
9. Buhaug H., Nordkvelle J., Bernauer T., Böhmelt T., Brzoska M., Busby J.W., et al. One effect to rule them all? A comment on climate and conflict. Climatic Change 2014, in press.
10. Burke M.B., Miguel E., Satyanath S., Dykema J.A., Lobell D.B. Warming increases the risk of civil war in Africa. PNAS 2009, 106(49):20670-20674.
11. Cane M.A., Miguel E., Burke M., Hsiang S.M., Lobell D.B., Meng K.C., et al. Temperature and violence. Nature Climate Change 2014, 4(2):234-235.
12. Connor S. IPCC report paints bleak picture of war, famine and pestilence: 'Climate change is happening and no one in the world is immune'. The Independent 31 March 2014, http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/climate-change/ipcc-report-paints-bleak-picture-of-war-famine-and-pestilence-climate-change-is-happening-andno-one-in-the-world-is-immune-9224777.html.
13. Dellapenna J.W. Adapting the law of water management to global climate change and other hydropolitical stresses. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 1999, 35(6):1301-1326.
14. Demeritt D. Science studies, climate change and the prospects for constructivist critique. Economy and Society 2006, 35(3):453-479.
15. Demetriou D. IPCC report: global warming to increase heatwaves, flooding and conflict. Telegraph 31 March 2014, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/environment/climatechange/10733735/IPCC-report-global-warming-to-increase-heatwaves-flooding-and-conflict.html.
16. Detraz N., Betsill M.M. Climate change and environmental security: for whom the discourse shifts. International Studies Perspectives 2009, 10(3):303-320.
17. Fjelde H., von Uexkull N. Climate triggers: rainfall anomalies, vulnerability and communal conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa. Political Geography 2012, 31(7):444-453.
18. Furlong K., Gleditsch N.P., Hegre H. Geographic opportunity and neomalthusian willingness: boundaries, shared rivers, and conflict. International Interactions 2006, 32(1):79-108.
19. German Mission to the UN Statement by Ambassador Berger on climate security 15 February 2013, http://www.new-york-un.diplo.de/Vertretung/newyorkvn/en/__pr/speeches-statements/2013/20130215-berger-arria.html?archive=3759636.
20. Gleditsch N.P. Armed conflict and the environment. A critique of the literature. Journal of Peace Research 1998, 35(3):381-400.
21. Gleditsch N.P. Whither the weather? Climate change and conflict. Journal of Peace Research 2012, 49(1):4-9.
22. Gleditsch N.P., Nordås R., Salehyan I. Climate change and conflict: The migration link 2007, International Peace Academy, New York, NY, USA, Coping with Crisis Working Paper Series.
23. Gleick P.H. The World's water: The Biennial report on freshwater resources 1998, Island Press, Washington, DC, USA.
24. Hegre H., Sambanis N. Sensitivity analysis of empirical results on civil war onset. Journal of Conflict Resolution 2006, 50(4):508-535.
25. Homer-Dixon T. On the threshold: environmental changes as causes of acute conflict. International Security 1991, 16(2):76-116.
26. Homer-Dixon T. Environment, scarcity, and violence 1999, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, USA.
27. Hsiang S.M., Burke M. Climate, conflict, and social stability: what does the evidence say?. Climatic Change 2014, 123(1):39-55.
28. Hsiang S.M., Burke M., Miguel E. Quantifying the influence of climate on human conflict. Science 2013, 341(6151):1-14.
29. Hsiang S.M., Meng K.C. Reconciling disagreement over climate-conflict results in Africa. PNAS 2014, 111(6):2100-2103.
30. Hulme M., Mahony M. Climate change: what do we know about the IPCC?. Progress in Physical Geography 2010, 34(5):705-718.
31. IAC Climate change assessments, review of the processes & procedures of the IPCC 2010, InterAcademy Council, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. http://reviewipcc.interacademycouncil.net/.
32. IPCC Appendix A to the principles governing IPCC work. procedures for the preparation, review, acceptance, adoption, approval and publication of IPCC reports 1999, IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, Most recently updated, 14-18 October 2013. http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/ipcc-principles/ipcc-principles-appendix-a-final.pdf.
33. IPCC Impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. In third assessment report. Climate change 2001 2001, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change/Cambridge University Press, Geneva/Cambridge, Switzerland.
34. IPCC Impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. In fourth assessment report. Climate change 2007 2007, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change/Cambridge University Press, Geneva/Cambridge, Switzerland, Available online at. http://www.ipcc.ch.
35. IPCC Coordinating lead authors, lead authors, and review editors 2 September 2010, IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland. http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/press-releases/ipcc-wg2-ar5-authors.pdf.
36. IPCC IPCC Factsheet: How does the IPCC review process work? 2013, IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland. http://www.climatechange2013.org/images/uploads/FS_review_process.pdf.
37. IPCC Climate change 2013: The physical science basis 2013, IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, in press. http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/.
38. IPCC Climate change 2014: Impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability. IPCC working group II contribution to AR5 2014, IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, in press. http://www.ipcc-wg2.gov/AR5/.
39. IPCC Climate change 2014: Mitigation of climate change 2014, IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, in press. http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg3/.
40. IPCC IPCC statement 2014, IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland. http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/press/140406_statement_mail_online_statement.pdf.
41. IPCC (no date). IPCC: Organization, . http://www.ipcc.ch/organization/organization.shtml#.UxWtBM6n-8A.
42. Kolmannskog V. Climate change, human mobility, and protection: initial evidence from Africa. Refugee Survey Quarterly 2010, 29(3):103-119.
43. Koubi V., Bernauer T., Kalbhenn A., Spilker G. Climate variability, economic growth, and civil conflict. Journal of Peace Research 2012, 49(1):113-127.
44. Kumssa A., Jones J.F. Climate change and human security in Africa. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology 2010, 17(6):453-461.
45. Langford E., Schwertman N., Owens M. Is the property of being positively correlated transitive?. American Statistician 2001, 55(4):322-325.
46. Leichenko R.M., O'Brien K. Environmental change and globalization: Double exposures 2008, Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom.
47. Levy M.A. Is the environment a national security issue?. International Security 1995, 20(2):35-62.
48. Lopez A. The Lempa river basin: transborder cooperation in an international river basin with high potential for conflict. Update: Newsletter of the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change 2004, 4(3):10-11.
49. Mack A. Human security report 2005: War and peace in the 21st Century 2005, Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom.
50. Mastrandrea M.D., Field C.B., Stocker T.F., Edenhofer O., Ebi K.L., Frame D.J., et al. Guidance note for lead authors of the IPCC fifth assessment report on consistent treatment of uncertainties 2010, IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland. http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/supporting-material/uncertainty-guidance-note.pdf.
51. Mastrandrea M.D., Mach K.J. Treatment of uncertainties in IPCC Assessment Reports: past approaches and considerations for the Fifth Assessment Report. Climatic Change 2011, 108(4):659-673.
52. McDonald M. Discourses of climate security. Political Geography 2013, 33(1):42-51.
53. Myers N. Ultimate security: The environmental basis of political stability 1993, Norton, New York, NY, USA.
54. Nordås R., Gleditsch N.P. Climate change and conflict. Political Geography 2007, 26(6):627-638.
55. Nordås R., Gleditsch N.P. The IPCC, human security, and the climate-conflict nexus. Climate change and human security 2013, 67-88. Elgar, London, United Kingdom. M. Redclift, M. Grasso (Eds.).
56. O'Loughlin J., Linke A.M., Witmer F.D.W. Modeling and data choices sway conclusions about climate-conflict links. PNAS 2014, 111(6):2054-2055.
57. Paust T. Det er to tog som kommer mot oss. Nettavisen 1 April 2014, www.nettavisen.no/nyheter/-;det-er-to-tog-som-kommer-mot-oss/5184558.html.
58. Peters G. Forskning eller politikk?. Klima 2014, (2):25.
59. Pinker S. The better angels of our nature: The decline of violence in history and its causes 2011, Penguin, London, United Kingdom.
60. Raleigh C., Linke A., O'Loughlin J. Extreme temperatures and violence. Nature Climate Change 2014, 4(2):76-77.
61. Reuters IPCC author brands upcoming climate report 'alarmist'. Professor Richard Tol withdraws from writing team for UN climate science panel's report on impacts of global warming. The Guardian 28 March 2014, http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/mar/27/ipcc-author-climate-report-alarmist.
62. Rose D. Green 'smear campaign' against professor who dared to disown 'sexed up' UN climate dossier. Daily Mail 6 April 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2597907/Green-smear-campaign-against-professor-dared-disown-sexed-UN-climate-dossier.html#ixzz2yHrMeALx.
63. Sandberg T. Klimaendringene kan føre til kriger. Klimarapporten: Klimaendringene kan føre til at mennesker over hele kloden begynner å drepe hverandre. Dagsavisen 1 April 2014, http://www.dagsavisen.no/samfunn/klimaendringene-kan-fore-til-kriger/.
64. Scheffran J., Brzoska M., Kominek J., Link P.M., Schilling J. Climate change and violent conflict. Science 2012, 336(6083):869-871.
65. Stavins R. Is the IPCC government approval process broken? An economic view of the environment 25 April 2014, www.robinstavinsblog.org, Cambridge, MA, USA.
66. Tetlock P.E., Mellers B.A. Intelligent management of intelligence agencies: beyond accountability ping-pong. American Psychologist 2011, 66(6):542-554.
67. Theisen O.M., Gleditsch N.P., Buhaug H. Is climate change a driver of armed conflict?. Climatic Change 2013, 117(3):613-625.
68. Tol R. Bogus prophecies of doom will not fix the climate. Financial Times 31 March 2014, http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/e8d011fa-b8b5-11e3-835e-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2yESkxm9U.
69. Toset H.P.W., Gleditsch N.P., Hegre H. Shared rivers and interstate conflict. Political Geography 2000, 19(8):971-996.
70. UN Security Council holds first-ever debate on impact of climate change 17 April 2007, Department of Public Information, New York, NY, USA. http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2007/sc9000.doc.htm.
71. UN Climate change impacting entire planet, raising risk of hunger, floods, conflict - UN report 31 March 2014, News Centre, New York, NY, USA. http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=47471#.U8l9qEDm48l.
72. Wolf A.T. Conflict and cooperation along international waterways. Water Policy 1998, 1(2):251-265.
73. Zolfagharifard E. Climate change will lead to war, famine and extreme weather, claims IPCC report 2014, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2593198/Climate-change-lead-war-famine-extreme-weather-claims-IPCC-report.html#ixzz36t9zlRh3.