Suicide in children and young adolescents: A 25-year database on suicides from Northern Finland

Journal of Psychiatric Research

Volumn 58, Issue , 2014, Pages 123-128

  Lahti, Anniina ^a   Harju, Aleksi ^a   Hakko, Helinä ^b   Riala, Kaisa ^a,c   Räsänen, Pirkko ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OULU   (Finland)

^b OULU UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Finland)

^c HELSINKI UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL   (Finland)

Author keywords

Adolescent; Alcohol; Gender; Mental health; Suicide

Indexed keywords

AMPHETAMINE; BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; BUPRENORPHINE; CANNABIS; COCAINE; DIAZEPAM; DOXEPIN; MIANSERIN; MIRTAZAPINE; PAROXETINE; TEMAZEPAM;

ADOLESCENT; ALCOHOL BLOOD LEVEL; ALCOHOL INTOXICATION; ARTICLE; AUTOMUTILATION; AUTOPSY; CAUSE OF DEATH; CHILD; DATA BASE; FEMALE; FINLAND; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MENTAL DISEASE; MENTAL HEALTH; SELF POISONING; SEX DIFFERENCE; SUICIDE; SUICIDE ATTEMPT; TIME OF DEATH; AGE; CLASSIFICATION; FACTUAL DATABASE; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MENTAL DISORDERS; SELF MUTILATION; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA;

ADOLESCENT; AGE FACTORS; CAUSE OF DEATH; CHILD; DATABASES, FACTUAL; FEMALE; FINLAND; HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; MENTAL DISORDERS; MENTAL HEALTH; SELF MUTILATION; SEX FACTORS; SUICIDE;

EID: 84912561143     PISSN: 00223956     EISSN: 18791379     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.07.020     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Act on the Inquest into the Cause of Death (459/1973). Available from: [in Finnish]. http://www.finlex.fi/f%20i/laki/ajantasa/1973/19730459.
2. Brent D.A., Perper J., Moritz G., Baugher M., Allman C. Suicide in adolescents with no apparent psychopathology. J.Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatr 1993, 32:494-500.
3. Brent D.A., Perper J.A., Moritz G., Allman C., Friend A., Roth C., et al. Psychiatric risk factors for adolescent suicide: a case-control study. JAm Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatr 1993, 32:521-529.
4. Brent D.A., Baugher M., Bridge J., Chen T., Chiappetta L. Age- and sex-related risk factors for adolescent suicide. JAm Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatr 1999, 38:1497-1505.
5. Bridge J.A., Goldstein T.R., Brent D.A. Adolescent suicide and suicidal behavior. JChild Psychol Psychiatry 2006, 47:372-394.
6. Canetto S.S. Meanings of gender and suicidal behavior during adolescence. Suicide Life-Threat Behav 1997, 27:339-351.
7. Cantor C.H., Baume P.J. Access to methods of suicide: what impact?. Aust N. Z J Psychiatr 1998, 32:8-14.
8. Gould M.S., Greenberg T., Velting D.M., Shaffer D. Youth suicide risk and preventive interventions: a review of the past 10 years. JAm Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatr 2003, 42:386-405.
9. Grøholt B., Ekeberg Ø., Wichstrøm L., Haldorsen T. Youth suicide in Norway, 1990-1992: a comparison between children and adolescents completing suicide and age- and gender-matched controls. Suicide Life-Threat Behav 1997, 27:250-263.
10. Grøholt B., Ekeberg Ø., Wichstrøm L., Haldorsen T. Sex differences in adolescent suicides in Norway, 1990-1992. Suicide Life-Threat Behav 1999, 29:295-308.
11. Hawton K., Bergen H., Kapur N., Cooper J., Steeg S., Ness J., et al. Repetition of self-harm and suicide following self-harm in children and adolescents: findings from the multicentre study of self-harm in England. JChild Psychol Psychiatr 2012, 53:1212-1219.
12. Hawton K., Saunders K.E., O'Connor R.C. Self-harm and suicide in adolescents. Lancet 2012, 379:2373-2382.
13. Hepp U., Stulz N., Unger-Köppel J., Ajdacic-Gross V. Methods of suicide used by children and adolescents. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatr 2012, 21:67-73.
14. Hultén A., Jiang G.X., Wasserman D., Hawton K., Hjelmeland H., De Leo D., et al. Repetition of attempted suicide among teenagers in Europe: frequency, timing and risk factors. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatr 2001, 10:161-169.
15. Johansson L., Stenlund H., Lindqvist P., Eriksson A. Asurvey of teenager unnatural deaths in northern Sweden 1981-2000. Accid Anal Prev 2005, 37:253-258.
16. Kaess M., Parzer P., Haffner J., Steen R., Roos J., Klett M., et al. Explaining gender differences in non-fatal suicidal behaviour among adolescents: a population-based study. BMC Publ Health 2011, 11(597). 2458-11-597.
17. Karch D.L., Logan J., McDaniel D.D., Floyd C.F., Vagi K.J. Precipitating circumstances of suicide among youth aged 10-17 years by sex: data from the national violent death reporting system, 16 states, 2005-2008. JAdolesc Health 2013, 53:S51-S53.
18. Lahti A., Keränen S., Hakko H., Riala K., Räsänen P. Northern excess in adolescent male firearm suicides: a register-based regional study from Finland, 1972-2009. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2013, 23:45-52.
19. Laukkanen E., Rissanen M.L., Honkalampi K., Kylmä J., Tolmunen T., Hintikka J. The prevalence of self-cutting and other self-harm among 13- to 18-year-old Finnish adolescents. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2009, 44:23-28.
20. Marttunen M.J., Aro H.M., Henriksson M.M., Lönnqvist J.K. Mental disorders in adolescent suicide. DSM-III-R axes I and II diagnoses in suicides among 13- to 19-year-olds in Finland. Arch General Psychiat 1991, 48:834-839.
21. Marttunen M.J., Aro H.M., Lönnqvist J.K. Adolescent suicide: endpoint of long-term difficulties. JAm Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat 1992, 31:649-654.
22. Möller-Leimkühler A.M. Barriers to help-seeking by men: a review of sociocultural and clinical literature with particular reference to depression. JAffect Disord 2002, 71:1-9.
23. Moskos M.A., Olson L., Halbern S.R., Gray D. Utah youth suicide study: barriers to mental health treatment for adolescents. Suicide Life-Threat Behav 2007, 37:179-186.
24. Patton G.C., Coffey C., Sawyer S.M., Viner R.M., Haller D.M., Bose K., et al. Global patterns of mortality in young people: a systematic analysis of population health data. Lancet 2009, 374:881-892.
25. Portzky G., Audenaert K., van Heeringen K. Suicide among adolescents. A psychological autopsy study of psychiatric, psychosocial and personality-related risk factors. Soc Psychiat Psychiat Epidemiol 2005, 40:922-930.
26. Renaud J., Berlim M.T., McGirr A., Tousignant M., Turecki G. Current psychiatric morbidity, aggression/impulsivity, and personality dimensions in child and adolescent suicide: a case-control study. JAffect Disord 2008, 105:221-228.
27. Schrijvers D.L., Bollen J., Sabbe B.G. The gender paradox in suicidal behavior and its impact on the suicidal process. JAffect Disord 2012, 138:19-26.
28. Shaffer D., Gould M.S., Fisher P., Trautman P., Moreau D., Kleinman M., et al. Psychiatric diagnosis in child and adolescent suicide. Arch General Psychiat 1996, 53:339-348.
29. Singh V.D., Lathrop S.L. Youth suicide in New Mexico: a 26-year retrospective review. JForensic Sci 2008, 53:703-708.
30. Statistics Finland Causes of death 2014, [e-publication], Statistics Finland, Helsinki, [referred: 31.3.2014]. Available from:, [in Finnish]. http://www.stat.fi/til/ksyyt/tau.html, 1799-5051.
31. Statistics Finland Population structure 2014, [e-publication], Statistics Finland, Helsinki, [referred: 31.3.2014]. Available from:. http://www.stat.fi/til/vaerak/tau_en.html, 1797-5395.
32. Sund R. Quality of the Finnish hospital discharge register: a systematic review. Scand J PublHealth 2012, 40:505-515.
33. Weinberger L.E., Sreenivasan S., Sathyavagiswaran L., Markowitz E. Child and adolescent suicide in a large, urban area: psychological, demographic, and situational factors. JForensic Sci 2001, 46:902-907.