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Objective or ‘hard’ measures of the prevalence of corruption may include the number of cases filed or investigated, the number of indictments or convictions, the frequency of references to corruption in the media, amongst others. Ko and Hui in this issue employ three objective statistics of corruption to test the effect of fiscal decentralization in mainland China. Note
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3
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Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay and Massimo Mastruzzi, ‘Measuring governance using cross-country perceptions data’, in Susan Rose-Ackerman, ed., International Handbook on the Economics of Corruption (Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2006), pp. 72–75.
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Chilik Yu, Chun-Ming Chen, Lung-Teng Hu and Wen-Jong Juang, ‘Evolving perceptions of government integrity and changing anticorruption measures in Taiwan’, in Ting Gong and Stephan Ma, eds, Preventing Corruption in Asia (London: Routledge, 2009), pp. 189–205.
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For possible reasons why cabinet ministers/executives had significantly lost the trust of the people during 2006. Note
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16
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in Evan Berman, M. Jae Moon and Heungsuk Choi, Boca Raton,FL: CRC Press
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Chun-Ming Chen and Wen-Jong Juang, ‘Public service ethics and corruption in Taiwan’, in Evan Berman, M. Jae Moon and Heungsuk Choi, eds, Public Administration in East Asia: Mainland China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan (Boca Raton,FL: CRC Press, 2010), pp. 563–589.
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Note
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Despite the many legal provisions against corruptioninplace, effective management and enforcement of these regulations (particularly those that deal with conflict of interest in the government sector) remain challenging and problematic. Note
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ChilikYu and Chin-Wen Wu, ‘Conflict of interest in the public service’
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in Chilik Yu, ed., Taipei: Best-Wise
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Pin-Sung Hsu, Shih-Shien Chin, ChilikYu and Chin-Wen Wu, ‘Conflict of interest in the public service’, in Chilik Yu, ed., Integrity and Governance (Taipei: Best-Wise, 2011), pp. 90–117.
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‘Hard rules and soft constraints: Regulating conflict of interest in China’
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Ting Gong and Jianming Ren, ‘Hard rules and soft constraints: regulating conflict of interest in China’, Journal of Contemporary China 22(79), (2013), DOI: 10.1080/10670564.2012.716941.
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Gong, T.1
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Unlike pan-green media, pan-blue media in Taiwan are generally much harder to specify. Note
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Note
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Two additional ‘bottom-up’ factors influence citizens’ perceptions of corruption/government integrity: the utility effect (the proposition that people who think bribery is effective tend to perceive the overall system as more corrupt), and the civic responsibility effect (the proposition that people who would act as whistleblowers upon witnessing an illegal act tend to be more optimistic that government integrity would improve in the future). Future work will attempt to disentangle the different bottom-up factors discussed herein, and identify the most significant ones through the use of multivariate regression analysis. Note
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