Lianas in gaps reduce carbon accumulation in a tropical forest

Ecology

Volumn 95, Issue 11, 2014, Pages 3008-3017

  Schnitzer, Stefan A ^a,b   Van Der Heijden, Geertje ^a,b   Mascaro, Joseph ^a,b,c   Carson, Walter P ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MILWAUKEE   (United States)

^b SMITHSONIAN TROPICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Panama)

^c GEOPHYSICAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

Author keywords

Annual increment; Barro Colorado Nature Monument; Biomass; Carbon storage; Gap phase regeneration; Lianas; Panama; Treefall gaps; Tropical forests

Indexed keywords

ANNUAL VARIATION; BIOLOGICAL UPTAKE; CARBON; GAP DYNAMICS; GROWTH RATE; PHYTOMASS; RECRUITMENT (POPULATION DYNAMICS); TREEFALL; TROPICAL FOREST; VINE;

BARRO COLORADO NATURE MONUMENT; COLON [PANAMA]; PANAMA [CENTRAL AMERICA];

EID: 84911946547     PISSN: 00129658     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/13-1718.1     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Asner, G. P., et al. 2010. High-resolution forest carbon stock and emissions in the Amazon. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 107: 16738-16742.
2. Beer, C. M., et al. 2008. Terrestrial gross carbon dioxide uptake: global distribution and covariation with climate. Science 329: 834-838.
3. Brokaw, N. V. L. 1982. The definition of treefall gap and its effect on measures of forest dynamics. Biotropica 11: 158-160.
4. Brokaw, N. V. L. 1985. Gap-phase regeneration in a tropical forest. Ecology 66: 682-687.
5. Brokaw, N. V. L., and R. T. Busing. 2000. Niche versus chance and tree diversity in forest gaps. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 15: 183-188.
6. Burnham, K. P., and D. R. Anderson. 2002. Model selection and multimodel inference. Springer Verlag, New York, New York, USA.
7. Cahill, J. F., J. P. Castelli, and B. B. Casper. 2001. The herbivore uncertainty principle: visiting plants can alter herbivory. Ecology 82: 307-312.
8. Chave, J., et al. 2005. Tree allometry and improved estimation of carbon stocks and balance in tropical forests. Oecologia 145: 87-99.
9. Chave, J., et al. 2008. Assessing evidence for a pervasive alteration in tropical tree communities. PLoS Biology 6: e45.
10. Clark, D. A., S. Brown, D. W. Kicklighter, J. Q. Chambers, J. R. Thomlinson, and J. Ni. 2001. Measuring net productivity in forests: concepts and field measurements. Ecological Applications 11: 356-370.
11. Dalling, J. W., S. A. Schnitzer, C. Baldeck, K. E. Harms, R. John, S. A. Mangan, E. Lobo, J. B. Yavitt, and S. P. Hubbell. 2012. Resource-based habitat associations in a neotropical liana community. Journal of Ecology 100: 1174-1182.
12. Denslow, J. S. 1987. Tropical rainforest gaps and tree species diversity. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 18: 431-451.
13. DeWalt, S. J., and J. Chave, J. 2004. Structure and biomass of four lowland neotropical forests. Biotropica 36: 7-19.
14. DeWalt, S. J., S. A. Schnitzer, and J. S. Denslow. 2000. Density and diversity of lianas along a chronosequence in a central Panamanian lowland forest. Journal of Tropical Ecology 16: 1-19.
15. Durán, S. M., and E. Gianoli. 2013. Carbon stocks in tropical forests decrease with liana density. Biology Letters 9: 20130301.
16. Ewers, F. W., J. B. Fisher, and K. Fichtner. 1991. Water flux and xylem structure in vines. Pages 127-160 in F. E. Putz and H. A. Mooney, editors. Biology of vines. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
17. Foster, J. R., P. A. Townsend, and C. E. Zganjar. 2008. Spatial and temporal patterns of gap dominance by low-canopy lianas detected using EO-1 Hyperion and Landsat Thematic Mapper. Remote Sensing and the Environment 112: 2104-2117.
18. Grauel, W. T., and F. E. Putz. 2004. Effects of lianas on growth and regeneration of Prioria copaifera in Darien, Panama. Forest Ecology and Management 190: 99-108.
19. Hubbell, S. P. 2001. The unified theory of biodiversity and biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
20. Hubbell, S. P., R. B. Foster, S. T. O'Brian, K. E. Harms, R. Condit, B. Wechsler, S. J. Wright, and S. Loo de Lao. 1999. Light-gap disturbances, recruitment limitation, and tree diversity in a neotropical forest. Science 283: 554-557.
21. Ingwell, L. L., S. J. Wright, K. K. Becklund, S. P. Hubbell, and S. A. Schnitzer. 2010. The impact of lianas on 10 years of tree growth and mortality on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Journal of Ecology 98: 879-887.
22. Ledo, A., and S. A. Schnitzer. 2014. Disturbance and clonal reproduction determine liana distribution and maintain liana diversity in a tropical forest. Ecology 95: 2169-2178.
23. Letcher, S. G. In press. Patterns of liana succession in tropical forests. In S. A. Schnitzer, F. Bongers, R. J. Burnham, and F. E. Putz, editors. The ecology of lianas. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK.
24. Pan, Y., et al. 2011. A large and persistent sink in the world's forests. Science 333: 988-993.
25. Phillips, O. L., R. Vásquez Martínez, A. Monteagudo Mendoza, T. R. Baker, and P. Núñez Vargas. 2005. Large lianas as hyperdynamic elements of the tropical forest canopy. Ecology 86: 1250-1258.
26. Pinheiro, J. C., and D. M. Bates. 2000. Mixed effects models in S and S-plus. Springer Verlag, New York, New York, USA.
27. Powers, J. S. In press. Reciprocal interactions between lianas and forest soil. In S. A. Schnitzer, F. Bongers, R. J. Burnham, and F. E. Putz, editors. The ecology of lianas. Wiley- Blackwell, Oxford, UK.
28. Putz, F. E. 1984. The natural history of lianas on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Ecology 65: 1713-1724.
29. Sanford, R. L., H. E. Braker, and G. S. Hartshorn. 1986. Canopy openings in a primary neotropical lowland forest. Journal of Tropical Ecology 2: 277-282.
30. Schnitzer, S. A. 2005. A mechanistic explanation for global patterns of liana abundance and distribution. American Naturalist 166: 262-276.
31. Schnitzer, S. A. In press. Increasing liana abundance in neotropical forests: causes and consequences. In S. A. Schnitzer, F. Bongers, R. J. Burnham, and F. E. Putz, editors. The ecology of lianas. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK.
32. Schnitzer, S. A., and F. Bongers. 2011. Increasing liana abundance and biomass in tropical forests: emerging patterns and putative mechanisms. Ecology Letters 14: 397-406.
33. Schnitzer, S. A., F. Bongers, and S. J. Wright. 2011. Community and ecosystem ramifications of increasing lianas in neotropical forests. Plant Signaling and Behavior 6: 598-600.
34. Schnitzer, S. A., and W. P. Carson. 2000. Have we missed the forest because of the trees? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 15: 376-377.
35. Schnitzer, S. A., and W. P. Carson. 2001. Treefall gaps and the maintenance of diversity in a tropical forest. Ecology 82: 913-919.
36. Schnitzer, S. A., and W. P. Carson. 2010. Lianas suppress tree regeneration and diversity in treefall gaps. Ecology Letters 13: 849-857.
37. Schnitzer, S. A., J. W. Dalling, and W. P. Carson. 2000. The impact of lianas on tree regeneration in tropical forest canopy gaps: evidence for an alternative pathway of gap-phase regeneration. Journal of Ecology 88: 655-666.
38. Schnitzer, S. A., S. J. DeWalt, and J. Chave. 2006. Censusing and measuring lianas: a quantitative comparison of the common methods. Biotropica 38: 581-591.
39. Schnitzer, S. A., M. E. Kuzee, and F. Bongers. 2005. Disentangling above- and below-ground competition between lianas and trees in a tropical forest. Journal of Ecology 93: 1115-1125.
40. Schnitzer, S. A., et al. 2012. Liana abundance, diversity, and distribution on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. PLoS One 7(12): e52114.
41. Schnitzer, S. A., J. Mascaro, and W. P. Carson. 2008. Treefall gaps and the maintenance of species diversity in tropical forests. Pages 196-209 in W. P. Carson and S. A. Schnitzer, editors. Tropical forest community ecology. Blackwell, Oxford, UK.
42. Schnitzer, S. A., P. Reich, B. Bergner, and W. P. Carson. 2002. Herbivore and pathogen damage on grassland and woodland plants: a test of the herbivore uncertainty principle. Ecology Letters 5: 531-539.
43. Swaine, M. D., D. Lieberman, and F. E. Putz. 1987. The dynamics of tree populations in tropical forest: a review. Journal of Tropical Ecology 3: 359-366.
44. Tilman, D. 1982. Resource competition and community structure. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
45. Tobin, M. F., A. J. Wright, S. A. Mangan, and S. A. Schnitzer. 2012. Lianas have a greater competitive effect than trees of similar biomass on tropical canopy trees. Ecosphere 3: 20.
46. Toledo-Aceves, T., and M. D. Swaine. 2008. Above- and belowground competition between the liana Acacia kamerunensis and tree seedlings in contrasting light environments. Plant Ecology 196: 233-244.
47. Tyree, M. T., and F. W. Ewers. 1996. Hydraulic architecture of woody tropical plants. Pages 217-243 in S. S. Mulkey, R. L. Chazdon, and A. P. Smith, editors. Tropical forest plant ecophysiology. Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA.
48. Van der Heijden, G. M. F., and O. L. Phillips. 2009. Liana infestation impacts tree growth in a lowland tropical moist forest. Biogeosciences 6: 2217-2226.
49. van der Heijden, G. M. F., S. A. Schnitzer, J. S. Powers, and O. L. Phillips. 2013. Liana impacts on carbon cycling, storage and sequestration in tropical forests. Biotropica 45: 682-692.
50. Van der Meer, P. J., and F. Bongers, F. 2001. Tree-falls and canopy gaps: patterns of natural disturbance. Pages 243-250 in F. Bongers, P. Charles-Dominique, P. M. Forget, and M. Thery, editors. Nouragues: dynamics and plant-animal interactions in a Neotropical rainforest. Kluwer, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
51. Wright, S. J., O. Calderon, A. Hernandez, and S. Paton. 2004. Are lianas increasing in importance in tropical forests? A 17- year record from Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Ecology 85: 484-489.
52. Yorke, S. R., S. A. Schnitzer, J. Mascaro, S. Letcher, and W. P. Carson. 2013. Increasing liana abundance and basal area in a tropical forest: the contribution of long-distance clonal colonization. Biotropica 45: 317-324.
53. Young, T. P., and S. P. Hubbell. 1991. Crown asymmetry, treefalls, and repeat disturbance in broad-leaved forest gaps. Ecology 72: 1464-1471.
54. Zuur, A. F., E. N. Ieno, and C. S. Elphick. 2010. A protocol for data exploration to avoid common statistical problems. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 1: 3-14.