Shame and Guilt in the Aftermath of Terror: The Utøya Island Study

Journal of Traumatic Stress

Volumn 27, Issue 5, 2014, Pages 618-621

  Aakvaag, Helene Flood ^a   Thoresen, Siri ^a   Wentzel Larsen, Tore ^a,b   Røysamb, Espen ^c,d   Dyb, Grete ^a,e  

^a Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies   (Norway)

^b ULLEVÅL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Norway)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

^d NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (Norway)

^e UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; FEAR; FEMALE; GUILT; HUMAN; MALE; MASS DISASTER; MIDDLE AGED; NORWAY; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; PSYCHOLOGY; SHAME; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; FEAR; FEMALE; GUILT; HUMANS; MALE; MASS CASUALTY INCIDENTS; MIDDLE AGED; NORWAY; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; SHAME; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84911940062     PISSN: 08949867     EISSN: 15736598     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jts.21957     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
2. Amercican Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.).Washington, DC: Author.
3. Andrews, B., Brewin, C. R., Rose, S., & Kirk, M. (2000). Predicting PTSD symptoms in victims of violent crime: The role of shame, anger, and childhood abuse. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109, 69-73. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.109.1.69
4. Bögner, D., Herlihy, J., & Brewin, C. R. (2007). Impact of sexual violence on disclosure during home office interviews. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 191, 75-81. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.106.030262
5. Brewin, C. R. (2003). Posttraumatic stress disorder malady or myth? New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
6. Budden, A. (2009). The role of shame in posttraumatic stress disorder: A proposal for a socio-emotional model for DSM-V. Social Science & Medicine, 69, 1032-1039. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.07.032
7. Campbell, J. C., & Lewandowski, L. A. (1997). Mental and physical health effects of intimate partner violence on women and children. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 20, 353-374. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0193-953X(05)70317-8
8. Dyb, G., Jensen, T. K., Nygaard, E., Ekeberg, Ø., Diseth, T. H., Wentzel-Larsen, T., & Thoresen, S. (2014). Post-traumatic stress reactions in survivors of the 2011 massacre on Utøya Island, Norway. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 204, 361-367. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.113.133157
9. Fayers, P., & Machin, D. (2007). Quality of life: The assessment, analysis and interpretation of patient-reported outcomes (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
10. Finkelhor, D., & Browne, A. (1985). The traumatic impact of child sexual abuse: A conceptualization. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 55, 530-541. doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1985.tb02703.x
11. Gilbert, P. (1997). The evolution of social attractiveness and its role in shame, humiliation, guilt and therapy. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 70, 113-147. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1997.tb01893.x
12. Gilbert, P. (2000). The relationship of shame, social anxiety and depression: The role of the evaluation of social rank. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 7, 174-189. doi:10.1002/1099-0879(200007
13. Kim, S., Thibodeau, R., & Jorgensen, R. S. (2011). Shame, guilt, and depressive symptoms: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 137, 68-96. doi:10.1037/a0021466
14. Kubany, E. S. (1994). A cognitive model of guilt typology in combat-related PTSD. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 7, 3-19. doi:10.1002/jts.2490070103
15. Kubany, E. S., & Manke, F. P. (1995). Cognitive therapy for trauma-related guilt: Conceptual bases and treatment outlines. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 2, 27-61. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1077-7229(05)80004-5
16. Kubany, E. S., Haynes, S. N., Abueg, F. R., Manke, F. P., Brennan, J. M., & Stahura, C. (1996). Development and validation of the Trauma-Related Guilt Inventory (TRGI). Psychological Assessment, 8, 428-444. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.8.4.428
17. Lee, D. A., Scragg, P., & Turner, S. (2001). The role of shame and guilt in traumatic events: A clinical model of shame-based and guilt-based PTSD. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 74, 451-466. doi:10.1348/000711201161109
18. Leskela, J., Dieperink, M., & Thuras, P. (2002). Shame and posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 15, 223-226. doi:10.1023/A:1015255311837
19. Lewis, M. (2008). Self-conscious emotions. Embarrassment, pride, shame, and guilt. In M. Lewis, J. M. Haviland-Jones, & L. F. Barrett (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (3rd ed., pp. 742-756). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
20. Steinberg, A., Brymer, M., Decker, K., & Pynoos, R. (2004). The University of California at Los Angeles Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index. Current Psychiatry Reports, 6, 96-100. doi:10.1007/s11920-004-0048-2
21. Street, A. E., & Arias, I. (2001). Psychological abuse and posttraumatic stress disorder in battered women: Examining the roles of shame and guilt. Violence and Victims, 16, 65-78.
22. Tangney, J. P., & Dearing, R. L. (2002). Shame and guilt. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
23. Thoresen, S., Aakvaag, H. F., Wentzel-Larsen, T., Dyb, G., & Hjemdal, O. K. (2012). The day Norway cried: Proximity and distress in Norwegian citizens following the 22nd July terrorist attacks in Oslo and on Utøya Island. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 3. doi:10.3402/ejpt.v3i0.19709