Unraveling the photocatalytic mechanisms on TiO2 surfaces using the oxygen-18 isotopic label technique

Molecules

Volumn 19, Issue 10, 2014, Pages 16291-16311

  Pang, Xibin ^a   Chen, Chuncheng ^a   Ji, Hongwei ^a   Che, Yanke ^a   Ma, Wanhong ^a   Zhao, Jincai ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF CHEMISTRY   (China)

Author keywords

Decarboxylation; Hydroxylation; Oxygen isotope; Ring opening; TiO2 photocatalysis

Indexed keywords

OXYGEN; TITANIUM; TITANIUM DIOXIDE;

CATALYSIS; CHEMISTRY; DECARBOXYLATION; HYDROLYSIS; OXIDATION REDUCTION REACTION; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; SURFACE PROPERTY;

CATALYSIS; DECARBOXYLATION; HYDROLYSIS; OXIDATION-REDUCTION; OXYGEN ISOTOPES; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; SURFACE PROPERTIES; TITANIUM;

EID: 84911864064     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14203049     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/molecules191016291     Document Type: Review

References (72)

1. Hoffmann, M.R.; Martin, S.T.; Choi, W.; Bahnemann, D.W. Environmental applications of semiconductor photocatalysis. Chem. Rev. 1995, 95, 69-96.
2. Gaya, U.I.; Abdullah, A.H. Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants over titanium dioxide: A review of fundamentals, progress and problems. J. Photochem. Photobiol. C Photochem. Rev. 2008, 9, 1-12.
3. Pichat, P. Photocatalysis and water purification: From fundamentals to recent applications. In Photocatalysis and Water Purification; Pichat, P., Ed.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 2013.
4. Fox, M.A.; Dulay, M.T. Heterogeneous photocatalysis. Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 341-357.
5. Linsebigler, A.L.; Lu, G.; Yates, J.T. Photocatalysis on TiO2 surfaces: Principles, mechanisms, and selected results. Chem. Rev. 1995, 95, 735-758.
6. Wang, J.L.; Xu, L.J. Advanced oxidation processes for wastewater treatment: Formation of hydroxyl radical and application. Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2012, 42, 251-325.
7. Yang, J.; Dai, J.; Chen, C.C.; Zhao, J.C. Effects of hydroxyl radicals and oxygen species on the 4-chlorophenol degradation by photoelectrocatalytic reactions with TiO2-film electrodes. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 2009, 208, 66-77.
8. Holmes, J.L.; Jobst, K.J.; Terlouw, J.K. Isotopic labelling in mass spectrometry as a tool for studying reaction mechanisms of ion dissociations. J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm. 2007, 50, 1115-1123.
9. Lloyd-Jones, G.C.; Munoz, M.P. Isotopic labelling in the study of organic and organometallic mechanism and structure: An account. J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm. 2007, 50, 1072-1087.
10. Almeida, A.R.; Moulijn, J.A.; Mul, G. Photocatalytic oxidation of cyclohexane over TiO2: Evidence for a Mars-van Krevelen mechanism. J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 1330-1338.
11. Epling, W.S.; Peden, C.H.F.; Henderson, M.A.; Diebold, U. Evidence for oxygen adatoms on TiO2 (110) resulting from O2 dissociation at vacancy sites. Surf. Sci. 1998, 412-413, 333-343.
12. Kim, H.H.; Ogata, A.; Schiorlin, M.; Marotta, E.; Paradisi, C. Oxygen isotope (O-18(2)) evidence on the role of oxygen in the plasma-driven catalysis of VOC oxidation. Catal. Lett. 2011, 141, 277-282.
13. Liao, L.F.; Lien, C.F.; Shieh, D.L.; Chen, M.T.; Lin, J.L. Ftir study of adsorption and photoassisted oxygen isotopic exchange of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonate, and formate on TiO2. J. Phys. Chem. B 2002, 106, 11240-11245.
14. Thompson, T.L.; Diwald, O.; Yates, J.T. Molecular oxygen-mediated vacancy diffusion on TiO2 (110)-new studies of the proposed mechanism. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2004, 393, 28-30.
15. Wu, T.P.; Kaden, W.E.; Anderson, S.L. Water on rutile TiO2 (110) and Au/TiO2 (110): Effects on a mobility and the isotope exchange reaction. J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 9006-9015.
16. Suprun, W.; Sadovskaya, E.M.; Rudinger, C.; Eberle, H.J.; Lutecki, M.; Papp, H. Effect of water on oxidative scission of 1-butene to acetic acid over V2O5-TiO2 catalyst. Transient isotopic and kinetic study. Appl. Catal. A Gen. 2011, 391, 125-136.
17. Bui, T.D.; Yagi, E.; Harada, T.; Ikeda, S.; Matsurnura, M. Isotope tracing study on oxidation of water on photoirradiated TiO2 particles. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 2012, 126, 86-89.
18. Civis, S.; Ferus, M.; Kubat, P.; Zukalova, M.; Kavan, L. Oxygen-isotope exchange between CO2 and solid (TiO2)-O-18. J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 11156-11162.
19. Montoya, J.F.; Ivanova, I.; Dillert, R.; Bahnemann, D.W.; Salvador, P.; Peral, J. Catalytic role of surface oxygens in TiO2 photooxidation reactions: Aqueous benzene photooxidation with (TiO2)-O-18 under anaerobic conditions. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2013, 4, 1415-1422.
20. Frank, O.; Zukalova, M.; Laskova, B.; Kurti, J.; Koltai, J.; Kavan, L. Raman spectra of titanium dioxide (anatase, rutile) with identified oxygen isotopes (16, 17, 18). PCCP 2012, 14, 14567-14572.
21. Civis, S.; Ferus, M.; Zukalova, M.; Kavan, L.; Zelinger, Z. The application of high-resolution ir spectroscopy and isotope labeling for detailed investigation of TiO2/gas interface reactions. Opt. Mater. 2013, 36, 159-162.
22. Kavan, L.; Zukalova, M.; Ferus, M.; Kurti, J.; Koltai, J.; Civis, S. Oxygen-isotope labeled titania: Ti18O2. PCCP 2011, 13, 11583-11586.
23. Choi, J.; Kang, D.; Lee, K.H.; Lee, B.; Kim, K.J.; Hur, N.H. Evidence for light-induced oxygen exchange in the oxidation of liquid hydrocarbons on oxygen 18-labelled titanium dioxide. RSC Adv. 2013, 3, 9402-9407.
24. Li, X.J.; Jenks, W.S. Isotope studies of photocatalysis: Dual mechanisms in the conversion of anisole to phenol. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 11864-11870.
25. Zhang, X.G.; Ke, X.B.; Zheng, Z.F.; Liu, H.W.; Zhu, H.Y. TiO2 nanofibers of different crystal phases for transesterification of alcohols with dimethyl carbonate. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 2014, 150, 330-337.
26. Zhang, M.; Wang, Q.; Chen, C.C.; Zang, L.; Ma, W.H.; Zhao, J.C. Oxygen atom transfer in the photocatalytic oxidation of alcohols by TiO2: Oxygen isotope studies. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 6081-6084.
27. Sato, S. Hydrogen and oxygen isotope exchange-reactions over illuminated and nonilluminated TiO2. J.Phys. Chem. 1987, 91, 2895-2897.
28. Yanagisawa, Y.; Sumimoto, T. Oxygen-exchange between CO2 adsorbate and TiO2 surfaces. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1994, 64, 3343-3344.
29. Mikhaylov, R.V.; Lisachenko, A.A.; Titov, V.V. Investigation of photostimulated oxygen isotope exchange on TiO2 Degussa P25 surface upon UV-Vis irradiation. J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 23332-23341.
30. Avdeev, V.I.; Bedilo, A.F. Molecular mechanism of oxygen isotopic exchange over supported vanadium oxide catalyst VOx/TiO2. J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 2879-2887.
31. Montoya, J.F.; Peral, J.; Salvador, P. Surface chemistry and interfacial charge-transfer mechanisms in photoinduced oxygen exchange at O2- TiO2 interfaces. ChemPhysChem 2011, 12, 901-907.
32. Courbon, H.; Herrmann, J.M.; Pichat, P. Effect of platinum deposits on oxygen-adsorption and oxygen isotope exchange over variously pretreated, ultraviolet-illuminated powder TiO2. J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 5210-5214.
33. Pichat, P.; Courbon, H.; Enriquez, R.; Tan, T.T.Y.; Amal, R. Light-induced isotopic exchange between O2 and semiconductor oxides, a characterization method that deserves not to be overlooked. Res. Chem. Intermed. 2007, 33, 239-250.
34. Avdeev, V.I.; Bedilo, A.F. Electronic structure of oxygen radicals on the surface of VOx/TiO2 catalysts and their role in oxygen isotopic exchange. J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 14701-14709.
35. Sato, S.; Kadowaki, T.; Yamaguti, K. Photocatalytic oxygen isotopic exchange between oxygen molecule and the lattice oxygen of TiO2 prepared from titanium hydroxide. J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 2930-2931.
36. Kumthekar, M.W.; Ozkan, U.S. Nitric oxide reduction with methane over Pd/TiO2 catalysts. 2. Isotopic labeling studies using N-15, O-18, and C-13. J. Catal. 1997, 171, 54-66.
37. Muggli, D.S.; Falconer, J.L. Uv-enhanced exchange of O2 with H2O adsorbed on TiO2. J. Catal. 1999, 181, 155-159.
38. Civis, S.; Ferus, M.; Zukalova, M.; Kubat, P.; Kavan, L. Photochemistry and gas-phase FTIR spectroscopy of formic acid interaction with anatase Ti18O2 nanoparticles. J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 11200-11205.
39. Henderson, M.A. Formic acid decomposition on the {110}-microfaceted surface of TiO2 (100): Insights derived from 18O-labeling studies. J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 15253-15261.
40. Courbon, H.; Formenti, M.; Pichat, P. Study of oxygen isotopic exchange over ultraviolet irradiated anatase samples and comparison with the photooxidation of isobutane into acetone. J. Phys. Chem. 1977, 81, 550-554.
41. Li, Y.; Wen, B.; Yu, C.L.; Chen, C.C.; Ji, H.W.; Ma, W.H.; Zhao, J.C. Pathway of oxygen incorporation from O2 in TiO2 photocatalytic hydroxylation of aromatics: Oxygen isotope labeling studies. Chem. Eur. J. 2012, 18, 2030-2039.
42. Sheng, H.; Ji, H.W.; Ma, W.H.; Chen, C.C.; Zhao, J.C. Direct four-electron reduction of O2 to H2O on TiO2 surfaces by pendant proton relay. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 9686-9690.
43. Sun, Y.; Chang, W.; Ji, H.; Chen, C.; Ma, W.; Zhao, J. An unexpected fluctuating reactivity for odd and even carbon numbers in the TiO2-based photocatalytic decarboxylation of C2-C6 dicarboxylic acids. Chem. Eur. J. 2014, 20, 1772-1772.
44. Wen, B.; Li, Y.; Chen, C.C.; Ma, W.H.; Zhao, J.C. An unexplored O2-involved pathway for the decarboxylation of saturated carboxylic acids by TiO2 photocatalysis: An isotopic probe study. Chem. Eur. J. 2010, 16, 11859-11866.
45. Zhao, Y.B.; Ma, W.H.; Li, Y.; Ji, H.W.; Chen, C.C.; Zhu, H.Y.; Zhao, J.C. The surface-structure sensitivity of dioxygen activation in the anatase-photocatalyzed oxidation reaction. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 3188-3192.
46. Jones, K.C.; de Voogt, P. Persistent organic pollutants (POPS): State of the science. Environ. Pollut. 1999, 100, 209-221.
47. Schwarzenbach, R.P.; Gschwend, P.M.; Imboden, D.M. Chemical transformations i: Hydrolysis and reactions involving other nucleophilic species. In Environmental Organic Chemistry; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2005; pp. 489-554.
48. Andino, J.M.; Smith, J.N.; Flagan, R.C.; Goddard, W.A.; Seinfeld, J.H. Mechanism of atmospheric photooxidation of aromatics: A theoretical study. J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 10967-10980.
49. Nicolaescu, A.R.; Wiest, O.; Kamat, P.V. Mechanistic pathways of the hydroxyl radical reactions of quinoline. 1. Identification, distribution, and yields of hydroxylated products. J. Phys. Chem. A 2005, 109, 2822-2828.
50. Li, X.; Cubbage, J.W.; Tetzlaff, T.A.; Jenks, W.S. Photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol. 1. The hydroquinone pathway. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 8509-8524.
51. Thuan, D.B.; Kimura, A.; Ikeda, S.; Matsumura, M. Determination of oxygen sources for oxidation of benzene on TiO2 photocatalysts in aqueous solutions containing molecular oxygen. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 8453-8458.
52. Li, Y.; Wen, B.; Ma, W.H.; Chen, C.C.; Zhao, J.C. Photocatalytic degradation of aromatic pollutants: A pivotal role of conduction band electron in distribution of hydroxylated intermediates. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2012, 46, 5093-5099.
53. Pang, X.; Chang, W.; Chen, C.; Ji, H.; Ma, W.; Zhao, J. Determining the TiO2-photocatalytic aryl-ring-opening mechanism in aqueous solution using oxygen-18 labeled O2 and H2O. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 8714-8721.
54. Szabo-Bardos, E.; Markovics, O.; Horvath, O.; Toro, N.; Kiss, G. Photocatalytic degradation of benzenesulfonate on colloidal titanium dioxide. Water Res. 2011, 45, 1617-1628.
55. Muneer, M.; Qamar, M.; Bahnemann, D. Photoinduced electron transfer reaction of few selected organic systems in presence of titanium dioxide. J. Mol. Catal. A:Chem. 2005, 234, 151-157.
56. Lang, K.; Mosinger, J.; Wagnerova, D.M. Progress in photochemistry of singlet oxygen. Chem. Listy 2005, 99, 211-221.
57. Chen, C.; Lei, P.; Ji, H.; Ma, W.; Zhao, J.; Hidaka, H.; Serpone, N. Photocatalysis by titanium dioxide and polyoxometalate/TiO2 cocatalysts. Intermediates and mechanistic study. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003, 38, 329-337.
58. Fox, M.A.; Chen, C.C.; Younathan, J.N.N. Oxidative cleavage of substituted naphthalenes induced by irradiated semiconductor powders. J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 1969-1974.
59. Wahab, H.S.; Bredow, T.; Aliwi, S.M. Computational investigation of the adsorption and photocleavage of chlorobenzene on anatase TiO2 surfaces. Chem. Phys. 2008, 353, 93-103.
60. Loeff, I.; Stein, G. 489. The radiation and photochemistry of aqueous solutions of benzene. J. Chem. Soc. (Resumed) 1963, 2623-2633.
61. Maillard-Dupuy, C.; Guillard, C.; Courbon, H.; Pichat, P. Kinetics and products of the TiO2 photocatalytic degradation of pyridine in water. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1994, 28, 2176-2183.
62. Li, X.; Cubbage, J.W.; Jenks, W.S. Photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol. 2. The 4-chloro-catechol pathway. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 8525-8536.
63. Cermenati, L.; Albini, A.; Pichat, P.; Guillard, C. TiO2 photocatalytic degradation of haloquinolines in water: Aromatic products gm-ms identification. Role of electron transfer and superoxide. Res. Chem. Intermed. 2000, 26, 221-234.
64. Cermenati, L.; Pichat, P.; Guillard, C.; Albini, A. Probing the TiO2 photocatalytic mechanisms in water purification by use of quinoline, photo-Fenton generated OH radicals and superoxide dismutase. J. Phys. Chem. 1997, 101, 2650-2658.
65. Bui, T.D.; Kimura, A.; Higashida, S.; Ikeda, S.; Mafsurnura, M. Two routes for mineralizing benzene by TiO2-photocatalyzed reaction. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 2011, 107, 119-127.
66. Bugg, T.D.H.; Lin, G. Solving the riddle of the intradiol and extradiol catechol dioxygenases: How do enzymes control hydroperoxide rearrangements? Chem. Commun. 2001, 941-952.
67. Costas, M.; Mehn, M.P.; Jensen, M.P.; Que, L. Dioxygen activation at mononuclear nonheme iron active sites: Enzymes, models, and intermediates. Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 939-986.
68. Xin, M.T.; Bugg, T.D.H. Evidence from mechanistic probes for distinct hydroperoxide rearrangement mechanisms in the intradiol and extradiol catechol dioxygenases. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 10422-10430.
69. Jo, D.H.; Que, J.L. Tuning the regiospecificity of cleavage in feiii catecholate complexes: Tridentate facial versus meridional ligands. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2000, 39, 4284-4287.
70. Kraeutler, B.; Bard, A.J. Heterogeneous photocatalytic decomposition of saturated carboxylic acids on titanium dioxide powder. Decarboxylative route to alkanes. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 5985-5992.
71. Russell, G.A. Deuterium-isotope effects in the autoxidation of aralkyl hydrocarbons-Mechanism of the interaction of peroxy radicals. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 3871-3877.
72. Serpone, N.; Martin, J.; Horikoshi, S.; Hidaka, H. Photocatalyzed oxidation and mineralization of C1-C5 linear aliphatic acids in UV-irradiated aqueous titania dispersions-kinetics, identification of intermediates and quantum yields. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem. 2005, 169, 235-251.