Climate change, children’s rights, and the pursuit of intergenerational climate justice

Health and Human Rights

Volumn 16, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 19-31

  Gibbons, Elizabeth D ^a  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHILD; CLIMATE CHANGE; ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE; HUMAN RIGHTS; INTERGENERATIONAL TRANSFER; UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE;

CHILD; CHILD HEALTH; CLIMATE CHANGE; ETHICS; HUMAN; HUMAN RIGHTS; INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION; LEGISLATION AND JURISPRUDENCE; SOCIAL JUSTICE; UNITED NATIONS;

CHILD; CHILD HEALTH; CLIMATE CHANGE; HUMAN RIGHTS; HUMANS; INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION; SOCIAL JUSTICE; UNITED NATIONS;

EID: 84911500256     PISSN: 10790969     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Quotes from our Native Past, available at http://www.ilhawaii.net/~stony/quotes.html
2. also an African proverb ""The world was not given to you by your parents; it was lent to you by your children." Quoted by Bishop Tutu, as part of "The World We Want" consultations available at http://www.un.org/en/sustainablefuture/tutu.shtml.
3. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, "Summary for Policymakers" in Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 2013), henceforth referred to as AR5/SPM.
4. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Article 3.1.
5. United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Committing to Child Survival: A promise renewed, Progress Report 2013 (UNICEF, 2013), p.19. Available at www.apromiserenewed.org.
6. http://www.childinfo.org/water_status_trends.html, last updated May 2013.
7. H. Masahiro et al., "Association between climate variability and hospital visits for non-cholera diarrhoea in Bangladesh: Effects and vulnerable groups." Journal of Epidemiology, 36/5 (2007), pp. 1030-1037.
8. W. Checkley et al., "Effects of El Nino and the ambient temperature on hospital admissions for diarrhoeal diseases in Peruvian children" The Lancet, 355/9202 (February 2000), pp. 442-450.
9. E.K. Pradhan et al, "Risk of Flood-related Mortality in Nepal"; Disasters, 31/1 (2007), pp. 57-70.
10. United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Committing to Child Survival: A promise renewed, Progress Report 2013 (UNICEF, 2013), p.27. Available at www.apromiserenewed.org.
11. GC Nelson, M Rosegrant, J Koo, et al. Climate change: Impact on agriculture and costs of adaptation (IFPRI, Washington, DC 2009) p.vii.
12. World Bank, Turn Down the Heat: Climate Extremes, Regional Impacts, and the Casefor Resilience (World Bank, 2013) pp. xviii-xix.
13. UNICEF-Innocenti Research Centre, Climate Change and Children: A Human Security Challenge (UNICEF, 2008), p. 11.
14. J. Compton, S. Wiggins, S. Keats, Impact of the Global Food Crisis on the Poor: What is the Evidence? (Overseas Development Institute, 2010), p. 4.
15. S. Johnstone and J. Mazo, "Global Warming and the Arab Spring" in C.E. Werrell and F. Femia, eds. The Arab Spring and Climate Change (Stimson Center for Climate and Security, 2013) p. 16. Available at www.americanprogress.org
16. The World Bank, Food Price Watch (February 2011). Available at http://www.worldbank.org/foodcrisis/food_price_watch_report_feb2011.html.
17. R. Bailey, Growing a Better Future: Food Justice in a Resource-constrained World (OXFAM, 2011), page 22. Available at www.oxfam.org/grow.
18. Nilamdhab Kar et al., "Post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents one year after a super-cyclone in Orissa, India: exploring cross-cultural validity and vulnerability factors" in BMC Psychiatry, 2007, 7: doi:10.1186/1471-244X-7-8.
19. N. Ahmad, T.A. Bukari, N. Munir, "The prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among flood-affected school children in Pakistan," The Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business 3/2, June 2011.
20. UNICEF Progress for Children: Achieving the MDGs with Equity (UNICEF-New York 2010), p. 23.
21. J. Lawler, Children's Vulnerability to Climate Change and Disaster Impacts in East Asia and the Pacific (UNICEF-East Asia and Pacific Regional Office, 2011), p. 12.
22. UNICEF-United Kingdom, Climate Change: Children's Challenge (UNICEF-UK 2013), p. 20, fn. 32.
23. J. Lawler, Children's Vulnerability to Climate Change and Disaster Impacts in East Asia and the Pacific (UNICEF-East Asia and Pacific Regional Office, 2011), p. 8.
24. J.E. Baez and I.V. Santos, "Children's Vulnerability to Weather Shocks: A Natural Disaster as a Natural Experiment." Social Science Research Network, March 2007.
25. H. Montgomery, "Rumours of Child Trafficking after Natural Disasters." Journal of Children and Media, 5/4, YEAR, pp. 395-410.
26. Najat Maalla M'jid, Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography, UN Human Rights Council A/HRC/19/63, 21 De cember 2011) paras. 27-31.
27. D. Smith and J. Vivekanada, A Climate of Conflict (Swedish International Development Agency, 2008), p. 7
28. A.M. Slaughter, "Preface" The Arab Spring and Climate Change, p. 3.
29. F. Femia and C. Werrell, "Climate Change Before and After the Arab Awakening: The Case of Syria and Libya" in The Arab Spring and Climate Change, pp. 24-25.
30. L. Ducett, "Syria conflict: Children targeted by snipers." Available at http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-25055956.
31. M. Tran, " Syria records its millionth child refugee." The Guardian, August 22, 2013. Available at http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/aug/23/syria-1-million-refugee-children.
32. United Nations, Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNGA Res. 44/25, November 1989), Article 3.
33. Children are invisible in other global treaties and policy processes which directly affect the well-being of children and young people. The WHO Framework Convention On Tobacco Control, with 177 state parties is one such example; children and youth appear only in the preamble to the Framework Convention, and once (as a check box) in the 52-page reporting guidelines. Although the CRC is a UN Treaty, its principles have yet to penetrate the global processes in which its State Parties participate on their, and the adult population's, behalf.
34. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Report of the Conference of Parties on its seventeenth session held in Durban from 28 November to 11 December 2011, 15 March 2012 (FCCC/CP/2011/9/Add.1), pp. 39-42.
35. See Youth Portal COP 19 for discussion of UN Joint Framework Initiative on Children, Youth and Climate Change, and various activities of UN agencies. Available at http://unfccc.int/cc_inet/cc_inet/youth_portal/items/6519.php.
36. UNFCCC Youth Portal COP 19, available at http://unfccc.int/cc_inet/cc_inet/youth_portal/items/6578.php.
37. A. Goodman, "You've made a wager out of our future," Democracy Now (November 22, 2013). http://www.democracynow.org/2013/11/22/youve_made_a_wager_of_our.
38. E. Polack, A Right to Adaptation: Securing the Participation of Marginalised Groups (IDS Bulletin, Vol. 39, No. 4, September 2008), p.17.
39. UNFCCC Report of The Conference of Parties on its Sixteenth Session held in Cancun from 29 November to 10 December 2010, FCC/CP/2010/7/Add.1 of 15 March 2012, para. 15.
40. E. Polack, Child Rights and Climate Change Adaptation: Voices from Kenya and Cambodia (Institute of Development Studies and Plan International, February 2010), p. 14.
41. UNICEF-United Kingdom, Climate Change: Children's Challenge (UNICEF-UK 2013), p. 24, fn. 32.
42. See www.childreninachangingclimate.org for the text of the Charter.
43. J. Lawler, Children's Vulnerability to Climate Change and Disaster Impacts in East Asia and the Pacific (UNICEF-East Asia and Pacific Regional Office, 2011), p. 15.
44. UNICEF-Innocenti Research Centre, Climate Change and Children: A Human Security Challenge (UNICEF, 2008), p. 29.
45. Save the Children, Children and Climate Change Policy Brief (SCF, 2009), page 2.
46. DARA and the Climate Vulnerable Forum, Climate Vulnerability Monitor 2nd Edition: A Guide to the Cold Calculus of a Hot Planet (DARA, 2012) p. 23.
47. M. Burke, "Haiti gets $35 million in new IMF Financing" IMF Survey Magazine, February 13, 2009. Available at https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/survey/so/2009/car021309a.htm.
48. DARA and the Climate Vulnerable Forum, Climate Vulnerability Monitor 2nd Edition: A Guide to the Cold Calculus of a Hot Planet (DARA, 2012) p. 25.
49. The World Bank, Adaptation Fund Trust Fund, Schedule of Receipts and Cash Transfers, December 31, 2013. http://fiftrustee.worldbank.org/webroot/data/AF_MR_12_13.pdf.
50. United Nations, Report of the Global Environment Facility, to the Conference of Parties (UNFCC FCCC/CP/2013/3, 27 August 2013), para. 10
51. Global Environment Facility (GEF) Evaluation of the Special Climate Change Fund, Vol. 1 (GEF Evaluation Office, 2012), p. 1.
52. United Nations, Report of the Global Environment Facility, to the Conference of Parties (UNFCC FCCC/CP/2013/3, 27 August 2013), para. 128
53. UNFCCC website, available at unfccc.int/bodies/green_climate_fund_board/body/6974.php.
54. UNICEF-United Kingdom, Climate Change: Children's Challenge (UNICEF-UK 2013), p. 19, fn. 32.
55. UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the relationship between climate change and human rights. (UN Human Rights Council, A/HRC/10/61, 15 January 2009) paras. 70,72.
56. See, for example, W.C.G. Burns and H.M. Osofsky, eds. Adjudicating Climate Change: State, National, and International Approaches (Cambridge University Press, 2011).
57. Overheard from Todd Sterns, US chief negotiator at the Warsaw COP November 22, 2013 http://www.democracynow.org/2013/11/22/as_environmentalists_walk_out_of_un
58. United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child General comment No. 15 (2013): The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health (Article 24) (United Nations: CRC/C/GC/15, 14 March 2013), para. 50.
59. L. Stone and K. Lofts, Climate Change, Child Rights and Intergenerational Climate Justice IDS In Focus Policy Briefing, Issue 13, November 2009: (Oposa v. Factoran, 224 sCRa 792, 808 -1993).