Synergism of novel thiuram disulfide and dibenzothiazyl disulfide in the vulcanization of natural rubber: curing, mechanical and aging resistance properties

International Journal of Industrial Chemistry

Volumn 5, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 1-11

  Alam, Md Najib ^a   Mandal, Swapan Kumar ^a   Roy, Kumarjyoti ^a   Debnath, Subhas Chandra ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KALYANI   (India)

Author keywords

Accelerator; Aging; Carbon black; Crosslinking; Mechanical properties; Rubber; Vulcanization

Indexed keywords

AGING OF MATERIALS; CARBON BLACK; CROSSLINKING; CURING; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; PARTICLE ACCELERATORS; SULFUR COMPOUNDS; VULCANIZATION;

AGING RESISTANCE; BENZOTHIAZOLES; SPECIFIC CONCENTRATION; THIURAM DISULFIDE; VULCANIZATES;

RUBBER;

EID: 84911491547     PISSN: 22285970     EISSN: 22285547     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s40090-014-0008-6     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Kempermann Th, Redetzky W (1969) Synergistic effects of vulcanization accelerators. Mater Plast Elastom 35:73–79
2. Skinner TD, Watson AA (1969) EV systems for NR. I. The purpose of efficient vulcanization and development of curing system. Rubb Chem Technol 42:404–417
3. Dogadkin BA, Feldshtein MS, Belyaeva EN (1960) The action of binary accelerator systems of vulcanization. Rubb Chem Technol 33:373–383
4. Krymowski JF, Taylor RD (1977) Chemical reactions between thiocarbamylsulfenamides and benzothiazylsulfenamides leading to cure synergism. Rubb Chem Technol 50:671–677
5. Debnath SC, Basu DK (1992) Studies on cure synergism: effect of safe amine accelerators in the vulcanization of natural rubber. Kauts Gummi Kunsts 45:934–938
6. Alam MN, Mandal SK, Debnath SC (2012) Effect of zinc dithiocarbamates and thiazole-based accelerators on the vulcanization of natural rubber. Rubb Chem Technol 85:120–131
7. Iavicoli I, Carelli G (2006) Evaluation of occupational exposure to N-nitrosamines in a rubber-manufacturing industry. J Occup Environ Med 48:195–198
8. Spiegelhalder B (1983) Carcinogens in the workroom air in the rubber industry. Scand J Work Environ Health 9(Suppl 2):15–26
9. de Vocht F, Burstyn I, Straif K, Vermeulen R, Jakobsson K, Nichols L, Peplonska B, Taeger D, Kromhout H (2007) Occupational exposure to NDMA and NMor in the European rubber industry. J Environ Monit 9:253–259
10. Eisenbrand G, Preussmann R, Spiegelhalder B (1980) German patent application No. 3029 312.6
11. Prussmann R, Eisenbrand G (1984) N-nitroso carcinogens in the environment. In: Searle CE (ed) Chemical carcinogens. vol 1, ACS Monograph, Washington, 182
12. Flory PJ, Renher J Jr (1943) Statistical mechanics of cross-linked polymer networks. J Chem Phys 11:521–526
13. Morita E, D’Amico JJ, Young EJ (1968) Rubber chemicals from cyclic amines. II dithioamines and sulfenamides as accelerators and curing agents. Rubb Chem Technol 41:721–735
14. Scheele W (1961) Kinetic studies of the vulcanization of natural and synthetic rubbers. Rubb Chem Technol 34:1306–1401
15. Craig D, Davidson WL, Juve AE (1951) Tetramethylthiuram disulfide vulcanization of extracted rubber. V. Low molecular products and the mechanism of zinc oxide activation. J Polym Sci 6:177–187
16. Debnath SC, Basu DK (1994) Studies on cure synergism. I. Effect of safe zinc dithiocarbamates on NR vulcanization accelerated by thiazole-based accelerators. J Appl Polym Sci 52:597–603
17. Blokh GA, Melamed ChL (1961) The interaction of carbon black with sulfur, MBT and TMTD in vulcanization. Rubb Chem Technol 34:588–599
18. Huneau B (2011) Strain-induced crystallization of natural rubber: a review of X-ray diffraction investigations. Rubb Chem Technol 84:425–452
19. Ahagon A, Kida M, Kaidou H (1990) Aging of tire parts during service. I. Types of aging in heavy-duty tires. Rubb Chem Technol 63:683–697
20. Ahagon A (1986) Extensibility of black filled elastomers. Rubb Chem Technol 59:187–203
21. Kaidou H, Ahagon A (1990) Aging of tire parts during service. II. Aging of belt-skim rubbers in passenger tires. Rubb Chem Technol 63:698–712
22. Buckley DJ (1959) Elastomeric properties of butyl rubber. Rubb Chem Technol 32:1475–1586
23. Dunn JR, Scanlan J (1959) Aging of natural rubber vulcanizates in the presence of dithiocarbamates. Rubb Chem Technol 32:739–747
24. Fletcher WP, Fogg SG (1958) The heat aging of natural rubber vulcanized with tetramethylthiuram disulfide. Rubb Chem Technol 31:327–328