Contextualising women's mental distress and coping strategies in the time of AIDS: A rural South African case study

Transcultural Psychiatry

Volumn 51, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 875-903

  Burgess, Rochelle ^a   Campbell, Catherine ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU NATAL   (South Africa)

^b LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

community mental health competency; coping; depression; HIV AIDS; poverty; resilience; South Africa; support groups; women's mental health

Indexed keywords

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR; COPING BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; HUMAN; MENTAL HEALTH; MENTAL STRESS; POVERTY; PSYCHOLOGY; QUALITATIVE RESEARCH; RURAL POPULATION; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; SOCIAL SUPPORT; SOUTH AFRICA; AIDS PATIENT; ANXIETY; ARTICLE; COMMUNITY; DEPRESSION; DISTRESS SYNDROME; EMOTIONAL STRESS; FAMILY; FAMILY CONFLICT; FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT; HOPELESSNESS; LIFE; MEDICAL SERVICE; MENTAL HEALTH SERVICE; PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING; RURAL AREA; SOCIAL WORKER; SOUTH AFRICAN; SUPPORT GROUP; THEMATIC ANALYSIS; TRADITIONAL HEALER; VIOLENCE;

ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ADAPTATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; MENTAL HEALTH; POVERTY; QUALITATIVE RESEARCH; RESILIENCE, PSYCHOLOGICAL; RURAL POPULATION; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; SOCIAL SUPPORT; SOUTH AFRICA; STRESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; WOMEN;

EID: 84911487908     PISSN: 13634615     EISSN: 14617471     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1363461514526925     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Aidoo M., Harpham T. (2001) The explanatory models of mental health amongst low-income women and health care practitioners in Lusaka, Zambia. Health Policy and Planning 16(2): 206-213.
2. Bass J., Neugebauer R., Clougherty K. F., Verdeli H., Wickramaratne P., Ndogoni L., Bolton P. (2006) Group interpersonal psychotherapy for depression in rural Uganda: 6-month outcomes: Randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Psychiatry 188: 567-573.
3. Brandt R. (2009) The mental health of people living with HIV/AIDS in Africa: A systematic review. African Journal of Aids Research 8(2): 123-133.
4. Breuer E., Myer L., Struthers H., Joska J. A. (2011) HIV/AIDS and mental health research in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review. African Journal of AIDS Research 10(2): 101-122.
5. Burns J. K. (2010) Mental health services funding and development in KwaZulu-Natal: A tale of inequity and neglect. South African Medical Journal 100(10): 662-666.
6. Campbell C., Burgess R. (2012) The role of communities in advancing the goals of the Movement for Global Mental Health. Transcultural Psychiatry 49(3-4): 379-395.
7. Campbell C., Cornish F., Gibbs A., Scott K. (2010) Heeding the push from below: How do social movements persuade the rich to listen to the poor? Journal of Health Psychology 15(7): 962-971.
8. Campbell C., Foulis C. (2004) Creating contexts for effective home-based care of people living with HIV/AIDS. Curationis 27(3): 5-14.
9. Campbell C., Nair Y., Maimane S., Sibiya Z. (2008) Supporting people with AIDS and their carers in rural South Africa: Possibilities and challenges. Health & Place 14(3): 507-518.
10. Casale M. (2011) “I am living a peaceful life with my grandchildren. Nothing else.” Stories of adversity and “resilience” of older women caring for children in the context of HIV/AIDS and other stressors. Ageing & Society 31(8): 1265-1288.
11. Casale M., Lane T., Sello L., Kuo C., Cluver L. (2013) Conducting health survey research in a deep rural South African community: Challenges and adaptive strategies. Health Research Policy and Systems 11: 14. doi: 10.1186/1478-4505-11-14.
12. Casale M., Wild L. (2012) The relationship between social support and the health of HIV-positive caregivers of children: A review of the empirical literature. Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies 7(3): 1-23.
13. Chipimo P., Tuba M., Fylkesnes K. (2011) Conceptual models for Mental Distress among HIV-infected and uninfected individuals: A contribution to clinical practice and research in primary-health-care centers in Zambia. BMC Health Services Research 11: 7.
14. Freeman M., Nkomo N., Kafaar Z., Kelly K. (2008) Mental disorder in people living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa. South African Journal of Psychology 38(3): 489-500.
15. Freeman M., Patel V., Collins P. Y., Bertolote J. (2005) Integrating mental health in global initiatives for HIV/AIDS. The British Journal of Psychiatry 187(1): 1-3.
16. Glaser B. (1991) Basics of grounded theory analysis: Emergence vs. forcing, Mill Valley, CA: Sociology Press.
17. Hamad R., Fernald L. C. H., Karlan D. S., Zinman J. (2008) Social and economic correlates of depressive symptoms and perceived stress in South African adults. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 62(6): 538-544.
18. Kagotho N., Ssewamala F. M. (2012) Correlates of depression among caregivers of children affected by HIV/AIDS in Uganda: Findings from the Suubi-Maka Family Study. AIDS Care 24(10): 1-7.
19. Kawachi I., Berkman L. (2001) Social ties and mental health. Journal of Urban Health 78(3): 458-467.
20. Kim G., Torbay R., Lawry L. (2007) Basic health, women's health, and mental health among internally displaced persons in Nyala Province, South Darfur, Sudan. American Journal of Public Health 97(2): 353-361.
21. Kleinman A. (1980) Patients and healers in the context of culture: An exploration of the borderland between anthropology, medicine, and psychiatry Vol. 3, Berkeley: University of California Press.
22. Kuo C., Operario D. (2011) Health of adults caring for orphaned children in an HIV-endemic community in South Africa. AIDS Care 23(9): 1128-1135.
23. Lee L. M. (2012) Youths navigating social networks and social support systems in settings of chronic crisis: The case of youth-headed households in Rwanda. African Journal of AIDS Research 11(3): 165-175.
24. Lund C., Breen A., Flisher A. J., Kakuma R., Corrigall J., Joska J. A., Patel V. (2010) Poverty and common mental disorders in low and middle income countries: A systematic review. Social Science & Medicine 71(3): 517-528.
25. Lund C., De Silva M., Plagerson S., Cooper S., Chisholm D., Das J., Patel V. (2011) Poverty and mental disorders: Breaking the cycle in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet 378(9801): 1502-1514.
26. May J. (2000) Poverty and inequality in South Africa: Meeting the challenge, Cape Town, South Africa: David Philip.
27. Moneyham L., Hennessy M., Sowell R., Demi A., Seals B., Mizuno Y. (1998) The effectiveness of coping strategies used by HIV-seropositive women. Research in Nursing & Health 21(4): 351-362.
28. Nair Y., Campbell C. (2008) Building partnerships to support community-led HIV/AIDS management: A case study from rural South Africa. African Journal AIDS Research 7(1): 45-53.
29. Nanama S., Frongillo E. A. (2012) Altered social cohesion and adverse psychological experiences with chronic food insecurity in the non-market economy and complex households of Burkina Faso. Social Science & Medicine 74(3): 444-451.
30. Ngcobo M., Pillay B. J. (2008) Depression in African women presenting for psychological services at a general hospital. African Journal of Psychiatry 11: 133-137.
31. Orner P. (2006) Psychosocial impacts on caregivers of people living with AIDS. AIDS Care 18(3): 236-240.
32. Patel V., Boyce N., Collins P. Y., Saxena S., Horton R. (2011) A renewed agenda for global mental health. Lancet 378(9801): 1441-1442.
33. Patel V., Collins P., Copeland J., Kakuma R., Katontoka S., Lamichhane J., Skeen S. (2011) The movement for global mental health. The British Journal of Psychiatry 198: 88-90.
34. Patel V., Gwanzura F., Simunyu E. (1995) The explanatory models and phenomenology of common mental disorders in Harare, Zimbabwe. Psychological Medicine 25: 1191-1199.
35. Patel V., Kirkwood B. R., Pednekar S., Pereira B., Barros P., Fernandes J., Mabey D. (2006) Gender disadvantage and reproductive health risk factors for common mental disorders in women: A community survey in India. Archives of General Psychiatry 63: 404-413.
36. Patel V., Kleinman A. (2003) Poverty and common mental disorders in developing countries. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 81(8): 609-615.
37. Petersen I., Baillie K., Bhana A. Mental Health and Poverty Research Programme Consortium (2012) Understanding the benefits and challenges of community engagement in the development of community mental health services for common mental disorders: Lessons from a case study in a rural South African subdistrict site. Transcultural Psychiatry 49(3-4): 418-437.
38. Petersen I., Bhana A., Baillie K. MHaPP Research Programme Consortium (2012) The feasibility of adapted group-based interpersonal therapy (IPT) for the treatment of depression by community health workers within the context of task shifting in South Africa. Community Mental Health Journal 48(3): 336-341.
39. Petersen I., Bhana A., Flisher A. J., Swartz L., Richter L. (2010) Promoting mental health in scarce-resource contexts: Emerging evidence and practice, Cape Town, South Africa: HSRC Press.
40. Petersen I., Hancock J. H., Bhana A., Govender K. (2013) Closing the treatment gap for depression co-morbid with HIV in South Africa: Voices of afflicted women. Health 5(3): 557-566.
41. Petersen, I., & Lund, C. (2011). Mental health service delivery in South Africa from 2000 to 2010: One step forward, one step back. South African Medical Journal, 101(10), 751-757.
42. Pillay A. L., Kriel A. J. (2006) Mental health problems in women attending district-level services in South Africa. Social Science & Medicine 63(3): 587-592.
43. Posel D., Rogan M. (2009) Women, income and poverty: Gendered access to resources in post-apartheid South Africa. Agenda 81: 25-34.
44. Posel D., Rogan M. (2012) Gendered trends in poverty in the postapartheid period, 1997-2006. Development Southern Africa 29(1): 97-113.
45. Read U. (2012) “I want the one that will heal me completely so it won't come back again”: The limits of antipsychotic medication in rural Ghana. Transcultural Psychiatry 49(3-4): 438-460.
46. Saxena S., Thornicroft G., Knapp M., Whiteford H. (2007) Global Mental Health 2: Resources for mental health: Scarcity, inequity, and inefficiency. Lancet 370(9590): 878-889.
47. Schatz E., Gilbert L. (2012) “My heart is very painful”: Physical, mental and social wellbeing of older women at the times of HIV/AIDS in rural South Africa. Journal of Aging Studies 26(1): 16-25.
48. Schatz E., Madhavan S., Williams J. (2011) Female-headed households contending with AIDS-related hardship in rural South Africa. Health & Place 17(2): 598-605.
49. Seedat S., Stein D. J., Herman A., Kessler R., Sonnega J., Heeringa S., Williams D. (2008) Twelve-month treatment of psychiatric disorders in the South African Stress and Health Survey (World Mental Health Survey Initiative). Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 43(11): 889-897.
50. Shisana, O., Rehle, T., Simbayi, L. C., Zuma, K., Jooste, S., Pillay-van-Wyk, V., … SABSSM III Implementation Team (2009). South African national HIV prevalence, incidence, behaviour and communication survey 2008: A turning tide among teenagers? Cape Town, South Africa: HSRC Press. Retrieved from http://www.mrc.ac.za/pressreleases/2009/sanat.pdf.
51. Skovdal M. (2010) Children caring for their “caregivers”: Exploring the caring arrangements in households affected by AIDS in Western Kenya. AIDS Care 22(1): 96-103.
52. Skovdal M., Daniel M. (2012) Resilience through participation and coping-enabling social environments: The case of HIV-affected children in Africa. African Journal of AIDS Research 11(3): 153-164.
53. Skovdal M., Ogutu V. O., Aoro C., Campbell C. (2009) Young carers as social actors: Coping strategies of children caring for ailing or ageing guardians in Western Kenya. Social Science & Medicine 69(4): 587-595.
54. Smit, J., Myer, L., Middelkoop, K., Seedat, S., Wood, R., Bekker, L. G., & Stein, D. J. (2006). Mental health and sexual risk behaviours in a South African township: A community-based cross-sectional study. Public Health, 120(6), 534-542.
55. Sorsdahl K., Slopen N., Siefert K., Seedat S., Stein D. J., Williams D. R. (2011) Household food insufficiency and mental health in South Africa. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 65(5): 426-431.
56. Stoppard J. A. (2000) Understanding depression: Feminist social constructivist approaches, London, UK: Routledge.
57. Summerfield D. (2001) The invention of post-traumatic stress disorder and the social usefulness of a psychiatric category. British Medical Journal 322(7278): 95-98.
58. Summerfield D. (2008) How scientifically valid is the knowledge base of global mental health? British Medical Journal 336(7651): 992-994.
59. Summerfield D. (2012) Afterword: Against “global mental health”. Transcultural Psychiatry 49(3-4): 519-530.
60. Swartz L. (1998) Culture and mental health: A southern African view, Cape Town, South Africa: Oxford University Press Southern Africa.
61. Thurman T. R., Jarabi B., Rice J. (2012) Caring for the caregiver: Evaluation of support groups for guardians of orphans and vulnerable children in Kenya. AIDS Care 24(7): 811-819.
62. Tsai, A. C., Bangsberg, D. R., Frongillo, E. A., Hunt, P. W., Muzoora, C., Martin, J. N., & Weiser, S. D. (2012). Food insecurity, depression and the modifying role of social support among people living with HIV/AIDS in rural Uganda. Social Science & Medicine, 74(12), 2012-2019.
63. UNAIDS. (2010). Global report fact sheet: Women, girls and HIV. Retrieved from http://www.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/documents/factsheet/2012/20120217_FS_WomenGirls_en.pdf.
64. UNAIDS. (2012). Global AIDS response progress report 2012: Republic of South Africa. Retrieved from http://www.unaids.org/en/dataanalysis/knowyourresponse/countryprogressreports/2012countries/ce_ZA_Narrative_Report.pdf.
65. van't Hof E., Stein D., Marks I., Tomlinson M., Cuijpers P. (2011) The effectiveness of problem solving therapy in deprived South African communities: Results from a pilot study. BMC Psychiatry 11(1): 156.
66. van der Berg, S., Burger, R., Burger, R., Louw, M., & Yu, D. (2006, October). Trends in poverty and inequality since the political transition (Development Policy Research Unit Working Paper 06/104). Paper presented at the DPRU/TIPS conference on “Accelerated and Shared Growth in South Africa: Determinants, Constraints and Opportunities”, Johannesburg, South Africa. Retrieved from http://www.tips.org.za/files/forum/2006/papers/VanderbergTrends_in_Poverty.pdf.
67. Wingood, G. M., Reddy, P., Peterson, S. H., DiClemente, R. J., Nogoduka, C., Braxton, N., & MBewu, A. D. (2008). HIV stigma and mental health status among women living with HIV in the Western Cape, South Africa. South African Journal of Science, 104, 237-240.
68. World Health Organization (WHO) (2012) Gender and women's mental health: Gender disparities and mental health: The facts. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/genderwomen/en/.