메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 3, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 403-418

Development and evolution of the pharyngeal apparatus

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HOX PROTEIN; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR DLX; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR DLX1; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR DLX2; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR DLX3; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR DLX4; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR DLX5; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR DLX6; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR HOX2; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR HOX3; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR HOX4; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR HOXA2; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR HOXA3; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 84911462913     PISSN: 17597684     EISSN: 17597692     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/wdev.147     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (95)

References (69)
  • 1
    • 2442647623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The therapeutic potential of stem cells in the treatment of craniofacial abnormalities
    • Jones NC, Trainor PA. The therapeutic potential of stem cells in the treatment of craniofacial abnormalities. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2004, 4:645-657.
    • (2004) Expert Opin Biol Ther , vol.4 , pp. 645-657
    • Jones, N.C.1    Trainor, P.A.2
  • 2
    • 0033753819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 22q11 deletion syndromes
    • Scambler PJ. The 22q11 deletion syndromes. Hum Mol Genet 2000, 9:2421-2426.
    • (2000) Hum Mol Genet , vol.9 , pp. 2421-2426
    • Scambler, P.J.1
  • 3
    • 33646812163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Craniofacial malformations: intrinsic vs extrinsic neural crest cell defects in Treacher Collins and 22q11 deletion syndromes
    • Walker MB, Trainor PA. Craniofacial malformations: intrinsic vs extrinsic neural crest cell defects in Treacher Collins and 22q11 deletion syndromes. Clin Genet 2006, 69:471-479.
    • (2006) Clin Genet , vol.69 , pp. 471-479
    • Walker, M.B.1    Trainor, P.A.2
  • 10
    • 0020624879 scopus 로고
    • The role of the neural crest in patterning of avian cranial skeletal, connective, and muscle tissues
    • Noden DM. The role of the neural crest in patterning of avian cranial skeletal, connective, and muscle tissues. Dev Biol 1983, 96:144-165.
    • (1983) Dev Biol , vol.96 , pp. 144-165
    • Noden, D.M.1
  • 11
    • 0028256072 scopus 로고
    • Segment and cell type lineage restrictions during pharyngeal arch development in the zebrafish embryo
    • Schilling TF, Kimmel CB. Segment and cell type lineage restrictions during pharyngeal arch development in the zebrafish embryo. Development 1994, 120:483-494.
    • (1994) Development , vol.120 , pp. 483-494
    • Schilling, T.F.1    Kimmel, C.B.2
  • 13
    • 0037673939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cranial skeletal biology
    • Helms JA, Schneider RA. Cranial skeletal biology. Nature 2003, 423:326-331.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.423 , pp. 326-331
    • Helms, J.A.1    Schneider, R.A.2
  • 14
    • 0028902853 scopus 로고
    • Formation of the pharyngeal arch arteries in the chick embryo. Observations of corrosion casts by scanning electron microscopy
    • Hiruma T, Hirakow R. Formation of the pharyngeal arch arteries in the chick embryo. Observations of corrosion casts by scanning electron microscopy. Anat Embryol (Berl) 1995, 191:415-423.
    • (1995) Anat Embryol (Berl) , vol.191 , pp. 415-423
    • Hiruma, T.1    Hirakow, R.2
  • 15
    • 0016746976 scopus 로고
    • Mesenchymal derivatives of the neural crest: analysis of chimaeric quail and chick embryos
    • Le Lievre CS, Le Douarin NM. Mesenchymal derivatives of the neural crest: analysis of chimaeric quail and chick embryos. J Embryol Exp Morphol 1975, 34:125-154.
    • (1975) J Embryol Exp Morphol , vol.34 , pp. 125-154
    • Le Lievre, C.S.1    Le Douarin, N.M.2
  • 16
    • 0142165747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ventrally emigrating neural tube cells contribute to the normal development of heart and great vessels
    • Ali MM, Farooqui FA, Sohal GS. Ventrally emigrating neural tube cells contribute to the normal development of heart and great vessels. Vascul Pharmacol 2003, 40:133-140.
    • (2003) Vascul Pharmacol , vol.40 , pp. 133-140
    • Ali, M.M.1    Farooqui, F.A.2    Sohal, G.S.3
  • 17
    • 0029964385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pericardial mesoderm generates a population of coronary smooth muscle cells migrating into the heart along with ingrowth of the epicardial organ
    • Mikawa T, Gourdie RG. Pericardial mesoderm generates a population of coronary smooth muscle cells migrating into the heart along with ingrowth of the epicardial organ. Dev Biol 1996, 174:221-232.
    • (1996) Dev Biol , vol.174 , pp. 221-232
    • Mikawa, T.1    Gourdie, R.G.2
  • 18
    • 0036316447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of pharyngeal arch arteries in early mouse embryo
    • Hiruma T, Nakajima Y, Nakamura H. Development of pharyngeal arch arteries in early mouse embryo. J Anat 2002, 201:15-29.
    • (2002) J Anat , vol.201 , pp. 15-29
    • Hiruma, T.1    Nakajima, Y.2    Nakamura, H.3
  • 19
    • 0030949079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence and embryonic expression of the amphioxus engrailed gene (AmphiEn): the metameric pattern of transcription resembles that of its segment-polarity homolog in Drosophila
    • Holland LZ, Kene M, Williams NA, Holland ND. Sequence and embryonic expression of the amphioxus engrailed gene (AmphiEn): the metameric pattern of transcription resembles that of its segment-polarity homolog in Drosophila. Development 1997, 124:1723-1732.
    • (1997) Development , vol.124 , pp. 1723-1732
    • Holland, L.Z.1    Kene, M.2    Williams, N.A.3    Holland, N.D.4
  • 20
    • 33244496489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution and development of the chordates: collagen and pharyngeal cartilage
    • Rychel AL, Smith SE, Shimamoto HT, Swalla BJ. Evolution and development of the chordates: collagen and pharyngeal cartilage. Mol Biol Evol 2006, 23:541-549.
    • (2006) Mol Biol Evol , vol.23 , pp. 541-549
    • Rychel, A.L.1    Smith, S.E.2    Shimamoto, H.T.3    Swalla, B.J.4
  • 21
    • 79958810305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of lamprey mucocartilage and its dorsal-ventral patterning by endothelin signaling, with insight into vertebrate jaw evolution
    • Yao T, Ohtani K, Kuratani S, Wada H. Development of lamprey mucocartilage and its dorsal-ventral patterning by endothelin signaling, with insight into vertebrate jaw evolution. J Exp Zool B Mol Dev Evol 2011, 316:339-346.
    • (2011) J Exp Zool B Mol Dev Evol , vol.316 , pp. 339-346
    • Yao, T.1    Ohtani, K.2    Kuratani, S.3    Wada, H.4
  • 22
    • 48549102102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tweaking the hinge and caps: testing a model of the organization of jaws
    • Depew MJ, Compagnucci C. Tweaking the hinge and caps: testing a model of the organization of jaws. J Exp Zool B Mol Dev Evol 2008, 310:315-335.
    • (2008) J Exp Zool B Mol Dev Evol , vol.310 , pp. 315-335
    • Depew, M.J.1    Compagnucci, C.2
  • 23
    • 84878542028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental origin and fate of middle ear structures
    • Sienknecht UJ. Developmental origin and fate of middle ear structures. Hear Res 2013, 301:19-26.
    • (2013) Hear Res , vol.301 , pp. 19-26
    • Sienknecht, U.J.1
  • 24
    • 84874637784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental evidence for serial homology of the vertebrate jaw and gill arch skeleton
    • Gillis JA, Modrell MS, Baker CV. Developmental evidence for serial homology of the vertebrate jaw and gill arch skeleton. Nat Commun 2013, 4:1436.
    • (2013) Nat Commun , vol.4 , pp. 1436
    • Gillis, J.A.1    Modrell, M.S.2    Baker, C.V.3
  • 26
    • 0034883605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergy between Hoxa1 and Hoxb1: the relationship between arch patterning and the generation of cranial neural crest
    • Gavalas A, Trainor P, Ariza-McNaughton L, Krumlauf R. Synergy between Hoxa1 and Hoxb1: the relationship between arch patterning and the generation of cranial neural crest. Development 2001, 128:3017-3027.
    • (2001) Development , vol.128 , pp. 3017-3027
    • Gavalas, A.1    Trainor, P.2    Ariza-McNaughton, L.3    Krumlauf, R.4
  • 28
    • 0035098557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DiGeorge syndrome phenotype in mice mutant for the T-box gene, Tbx1
    • Jerome LA, Papaioannou VE. DiGeorge syndrome phenotype in mice mutant for the T-box gene, Tbx1. Nat Genet 2001, 27:286-291.
    • (2001) Nat Genet , vol.27 , pp. 286-291
    • Jerome, L.A.1    Papaioannou, V.E.2
  • 29
    • 0036336298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between Hox-negative cephalic neural crest cells and the foregut endoderm in patterning the facial skeleton in the vertebrate head
    • Couly G, Creuzet S, Bennaceur S, Vincent C, Le Douarin NM. Interactions between Hox-negative cephalic neural crest cells and the foregut endoderm in patterning the facial skeleton in the vertebrate head. Development 2002, 129:1061-1073.
    • (2002) Development , vol.129 , pp. 1061-1073
    • Couly, G.1    Creuzet, S.2    Bennaceur, S.3    Vincent, C.4    Le Douarin, N.M.5
  • 30
    • 0037452691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased embryonic retinoic acid synthesis results in a DiGeorge syndrome phenotype in newborn mice
    • Vermot J, Niederreither K, Garnier JM, Chambon P, Dolle P. Decreased embryonic retinoic acid synthesis results in a DiGeorge syndrome phenotype in newborn mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003, 100:1763-1768.
    • (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.100 , pp. 1763-1768
    • Vermot, J.1    Niederreither, K.2    Garnier, J.M.3    Chambon, P.4    Dolle, P.5
  • 32
    • 16244401684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinoic acid down-regulates Tbx1 expression in vivo and in vitro
    • Roberts C, Ivins SM, James CT, Scambler PJ. Retinoic acid down-regulates Tbx1 expression in vivo and in vitro. Dev Dyn 2005, 232:928-938.
    • (2005) Dev Dyn , vol.232 , pp. 928-938
    • Roberts, C.1    Ivins, S.M.2    James, C.T.3    Scambler, P.J.4
  • 33
    • 33749264270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinoic acid is required for endodermal pouch morphogenesis and not for pharyngeal endoderm specification
    • Kopinke D, Sasine J, Swift J, Stephens WZ, Piotrowski T. Retinoic acid is required for endodermal pouch morphogenesis and not for pharyngeal endoderm specification. Dev Dyn 2006, 235:2695-2709.
    • (2006) Dev Dyn , vol.235 , pp. 2695-2709
    • Kopinke, D.1    Sasine, J.2    Swift, J.3    Stephens, W.Z.4    Piotrowski, T.5
  • 34
    • 10344262560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An essential role for Fgfs in endodermal pouch formation influences later craniofacial skeletal patterning
    • Crump JG, Maves L, Lawson ND, Weinstein BM, Kimmel CB. An essential role for Fgfs in endodermal pouch formation influences later craniofacial skeletal patterning. Development 2004, 131:5703-5716.
    • (2004) Development , vol.131 , pp. 5703-5716
    • Crump, J.G.1    Maves, L.2    Lawson, N.D.3    Weinstein, B.M.4    Kimmel, C.B.5
  • 35
    • 0037227318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fgfr1 regulates patterning of the pharyngeal region
    • Trokovic N, Trokovic R, Mai P, Partanen J. Fgfr1 regulates patterning of the pharyngeal region. Genes Dev 2003, 17:141-153.
    • (2003) Genes Dev , vol.17 , pp. 141-153
    • Trokovic, N.1    Trokovic, R.2    Mai, P.3    Partanen, J.4
  • 36
    • 84892713876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roles for FGF in lamprey pharyngeal pouch formation and skeletogenesis highlight ancestral functions in the vertebrate head
    • Jandzik D, Hawkins MB, Cattell MV, Cerny R, Square TA, Medeiros DM. Roles for FGF in lamprey pharyngeal pouch formation and skeletogenesis highlight ancestral functions in the vertebrate head. Development 2014, 141:629-638.
    • (2014) Development , vol.141 , pp. 629-638
    • Jandzik, D.1    Hawkins, M.B.2    Cattell, M.V.3    Cerny, R.4    Square, T.A.5    Medeiros, D.M.6
  • 38
    • 0037266674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of gene duplication in the evolution and function of the vertebrate Dlx/distal-less bigene clusters
    • Sumiyama K, Irvine SQ, Ruddle FH. The role of gene duplication in the evolution and function of the vertebrate Dlx/distal-less bigene clusters. J Struct Funct Genomics 2003, 3:151-159.
    • (2003) J Struct Funct Genomics , vol.3 , pp. 151-159
    • Sumiyama, K.1    Irvine, S.Q.2    Ruddle, F.H.3
  • 39
    • 0028808204 scopus 로고
    • Null mutation of Dlx-2 results in abnormal morphogenesis of proximal first and second branchial arch derivatives and abnormal differentiation in the forebrain
    • Qiu M, Bulfone A, Martinez S, Meneses JJ, Shimamura K, Pedersen RA, Rubenstein JL. Null mutation of Dlx-2 results in abnormal morphogenesis of proximal first and second branchial arch derivatives and abnormal differentiation in the forebrain. Genes Dev 1995, 9:2523-2538.
    • (1995) Genes Dev , vol.9 , pp. 2523-2538
    • Qiu, M.1    Bulfone, A.2    Martinez, S.3    Meneses, J.J.4    Shimamura, K.5    Pedersen, R.A.6    Rubenstein, J.L.7
  • 40
    • 0030955889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the Dlx homeobox genes in proximodistal patterning of the branchial arches: mutations of Dlx-1, Dlx-2, and Dlx-1 and -2 alter morphogenesis of proximal skeletal and soft tissue structures derived from the first and second arches
    • Qiu M, Bulfone A, Ghattas I, Meneses JJ, Christensen L, Sharpe PT, Presley R, Pedersen RA, Rubenstein JL. Role of the Dlx homeobox genes in proximodistal patterning of the branchial arches: mutations of Dlx-1, Dlx-2, and Dlx-1 and -2 alter morphogenesis of proximal skeletal and soft tissue structures derived from the first and second arches. Dev Biol 1997, 185:165-184.
    • (1997) Dev Biol , vol.185 , pp. 165-184
    • Qiu, M.1    Bulfone, A.2    Ghattas, I.3    Meneses, J.J.4    Christensen, L.5    Sharpe, P.T.6    Presley, R.7    Pedersen, R.A.8    Rubenstein, J.L.9
  • 45
    • 0037349438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeted deletion of a branchial arch-specific enhancer reveals a role of dHAND in craniofacial development
    • Yanagisawa H, Clouthier DE, Richardson JA, Charite J, Olson EN. Targeted deletion of a branchial arch-specific enhancer reveals a role of dHAND in craniofacial development. Development 2003, 130:1069-1078.
    • (2003) Development , vol.130 , pp. 1069-1078
    • Yanagisawa, H.1    Clouthier, D.E.2    Richardson, J.A.3    Charite, J.4    Olson, E.N.5
  • 46
    • 0027739813 scopus 로고
    • A homeotic transformation is generated in the rostral branchial region of the head by disruption of Hoxa-2, which acts as a selector gene
    • Rijli FM, Mark M, Lakkaraju S, Dierich A, Dolle P, Chambon P. A homeotic transformation is generated in the rostral branchial region of the head by disruption of Hoxa-2, which acts as a selector gene. Cell 1993, 75:1333-1349.
    • (1993) Cell , vol.75 , pp. 1333-1349
    • Rijli, F.M.1    Mark, M.2    Lakkaraju, S.3    Dierich, A.4    Dolle, P.5    Chambon, P.6
  • 47
    • 0034520846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homeotic transformation of branchial arch identity after Hoxa2 overexpression
    • Grammatopoulos GA, Bell E, Toole L, Lumsden A, Tucker AS. Homeotic transformation of branchial arch identity after Hoxa2 overexpression. Development 2000, 127:5355-5365.
    • (2000) Development , vol.127 , pp. 5355-5365
    • Grammatopoulos, G.A.1    Bell, E.2    Toole, L.3    Lumsden, A.4    Tucker, A.S.5
  • 48
    • 0032030895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hox group 3 paralogs regulate the development and migration of the thymus, thyroid, and parathyroid glands
    • Manley NR, Capecchi MR. Hox group 3 paralogs regulate the development and migration of the thymus, thyroid, and parathyroid glands. Dev Biol 1998, 195:1-15.
    • (1998) Dev Biol , vol.195 , pp. 1-15
    • Manley, N.R.1    Capecchi, M.R.2
  • 49
    • 67349276646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hoxa3 and signaling molecules involved in aortic arch patterning and remodeling
    • Kameda Y. Hoxa3 and signaling molecules involved in aortic arch patterning and remodeling. Cell Tissue Res 2009, 336:165-178.
    • (2009) Cell Tissue Res , vol.336 , pp. 165-178
    • Kameda, Y.1
  • 50
    • 0037064154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specification of jaw subdivisions by Dlx genes
    • Depew MJ, Lufkin T, Rubenstein JL. Specification of jaw subdivisions by Dlx genes. Science 2002, 298:381-385.
    • (2002) Science , vol.298 , pp. 381-385
    • Depew, M.J.1    Lufkin, T.2    Rubenstein, J.L.3
  • 53
    • 78649684423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of facial morphogenesis by endothelin signaling: insights from mice and fish
    • Clouthier DE, Garcia E, Schilling TF. Regulation of facial morphogenesis by endothelin signaling: insights from mice and fish. Am J Med Genet A 2010, 152A:2962-2973.
    • (2010) Am J Med Genet A , vol.152 A , pp. 2962-2973
    • Clouthier, D.E.1    Garcia, E.2    Schilling, T.F.3
  • 54
    • 6944233518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelin-A receptor-dependent and -independent signaling pathways in establishing mandibular identity
    • Ruest LB, Xiang X, Lim KC, Levi G, Clouthier DE. Endothelin-A receptor-dependent and -independent signaling pathways in establishing mandibular identity. Development 2004, 131:4413-4423.
    • (2004) Development , vol.131 , pp. 4413-4423
    • Ruest, L.B.1    Xiang, X.2    Lim, K.C.3    Levi, G.4    Clouthier, D.E.5
  • 55
    • 0032425037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological inactivation of the endothelin type A receptor in the early chick embryo: a model of mispatterning of the branchial arch derivatives
    • Kempf H, Linares C, Corvol P, Gasc JM. Pharmacological inactivation of the endothelin type A receptor in the early chick embryo: a model of mispatterning of the branchial arch derivatives. Development 1998, 125:4931-4941.
    • (1998) Development , vol.125 , pp. 4931-4941
    • Kempf, H.1    Linares, C.2    Corvol, P.3    Gasc, J.M.4
  • 57
    • 79956306348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Downregulation of Dlx5 and Dlx6 expression by Hand2 is essential for initiation of tongue morphogenesis
    • Barron F, Woods C, Kuhn K, Bishop J, Howard MJ, Clouthier DE. Downregulation of Dlx5 and Dlx6 expression by Hand2 is essential for initiation of tongue morphogenesis. Development 2011, 138:2249-2259.
    • (2011) Development , vol.138 , pp. 2249-2259
    • Barron, F.1    Woods, C.2    Kuhn, K.3    Bishop, J.4    Howard, M.J.5    Clouthier, D.E.6
  • 59
    • 0035545795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hox genes, neural crest cells and branchial arch patterning
    • Trainor PA, Krumlauf R. Hox genes, neural crest cells and branchial arch patterning. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2001, 13:698-705.
    • (2001) Curr Opin Cell Biol , vol.13 , pp. 698-705
    • Trainor, P.A.1    Krumlauf, R.2
  • 60
    • 13244290079 scopus 로고
    • Hox genes coming to a head
    • Hunt P, Krumlauf R. Hox genes coming to a head. Curr Biol 1991, 1:304-306.
    • (1991) Curr Biol , vol.1 , pp. 304-306
    • Hunt, P.1    Krumlauf, R.2
  • 61
    • 0025800182 scopus 로고
    • Deciphering the Hox code: clues to patterning branchial regions of the head
    • Hunt P, Krumlauf R. Deciphering the Hox code: clues to patterning branchial regions of the head. Cell 1991, 66:1075-1078.
    • (1991) Cell , vol.66 , pp. 1075-1078
    • Hunt, P.1    Krumlauf, R.2
  • 62
    • 0027759447 scopus 로고
    • Hoxa-2 mutant mice exhibit homeotic transformation of skeletal elements derived from cranial neural crest
    • Gendron-Maguire M, Mallo M, Zhang M, Gridley T. Hoxa-2 mutant mice exhibit homeotic transformation of skeletal elements derived from cranial neural crest. Cell 1993, 75:1317-1331.
    • (1993) Cell , vol.75 , pp. 1317-1331
    • Gendron-Maguire, M.1    Mallo, M.2    Zhang, M.3    Gridley, T.4
  • 63
    • 0034518568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ectopic Hoxa2 induction after neural crest migration results in homeosis of jaw elements in Xenopus
    • Pasqualetti M, Ori M, Nardi I, Rijli FM. Ectopic Hoxa2 induction after neural crest migration results in homeosis of jaw elements in Xenopus. Development 2000, 127:5367-5378.
    • (2000) Development , vol.127 , pp. 5367-5378
    • Pasqualetti, M.1    Ori, M.2    Nardi, I.3    Rijli, F.M.4
  • 64
    • 64549135095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rostral and caudal pharyngeal arches share a common neural crest ground pattern
    • Minoux M, Antonarakis GS, Kmita M, Duboule D, Rijli FM. Rostral and caudal pharyngeal arches share a common neural crest ground pattern. Development 2009, 136:637-645.
    • (2009) Development , vol.136 , pp. 637-645
    • Minoux, M.1    Antonarakis, G.S.2    Kmita, M.3    Duboule, D.4    Rijli, F.M.5
  • 65
    • 0025797513 scopus 로고
    • Regionally restricted developmental defects resulting from targeted disruption of the mouse homeobox gene hox-1.5
    • Chisaka O, Capecchi MR. Regionally restricted developmental defects resulting from targeted disruption of the mouse homeobox gene hox-1.5. Nature 1991, 350:473-479.
    • (1991) Nature , vol.350 , pp. 473-479
    • Chisaka, O.1    Capecchi, M.R.2
  • 67
    • 0027154780 scopus 로고
    • RARs and RXRs: evidence for two autonomous transactivation functions (AF-1 and AF-2) and heterodimerization in vivo
    • Nagpal S, Friant S, Nakshatri H, Chambon P. RARs and RXRs: evidence for two autonomous transactivation functions (AF-1 and AF-2) and heterodimerization in vivo. EMBO J 1993, 12:2349-2360.
    • (1993) EMBO J , vol.12 , pp. 2349-2360
    • Nagpal, S.1    Friant, S.2    Nakshatri, H.3    Chambon, P.4
  • 68
    • 0028922299 scopus 로고
    • Retinoic acid stage-dependently alters the migration pattern and identity of hindbrain neural crest cells
    • Lee YM, Osumi-Yamashita N, Ninomiya Y, Moon CK, Eriksson U, Eto K. Retinoic acid stage-dependently alters the migration pattern and identity of hindbrain neural crest cells. Development 1995, 121:825-837.
    • (1995) Development , vol.121 , pp. 825-837
    • Lee, Y.M.1    Osumi-Yamashita, N.2    Ninomiya, Y.3    Moon, C.K.4    Eriksson, U.5    Eto, K.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.