Peritoneal carcinomatosis of gastrointestinal tumors: Where are we now?

World Journal of Gastroenterology

Volumn 20, Issue 39, 2014, Pages 14371-14380

  Terzi, Cem ^a   Arslan, Naciye Cigdem ^a   Canda, Aras Emre ^a  

^a DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

Author keywords

Cytoreductive surgery; Gastrointestinal tumors; Intraperitoneal chemotherapy; Oncologic surgery; Peritoneal carcinomatosis

Indexed keywords

APPENDIX; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER SURGERY; CARCINOMA CELL; CARCINOMATOUS PERITONITIS; COLON; CYTOREDUCTIVE SURGERY; DISEASE ELIMINATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; GASTROINTESTINAL TUMOR; HEREDITY; HUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PATIENT SELECTION; PERITONEAL CAVITY; PEROPERATIVE COMPLICATION; PERSONAL EXPERIENCE; POSTOPERATIVE CARE; PROGNOSIS; RECTUM; REVIEW; SURGEON; SURGICAL MORTALITY; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TUMOR GROWTH; ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; ADVERSE EFFECTS; CANCER STAGING; CARCINOMA; GASTROINTESTINAL NEOPLASMS; MINIMAL RESIDUAL DISEASE; MORTALITY; PATHOLOGY; PERITONEAL NEOPLASMS; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATION; REGIONAL PERFUSION; RISK FACTOR; SECONDARY; TIME FACTOR;

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT;

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; CARCINOMA; CHEMOTHERAPY, ADJUVANT; CHEMOTHERAPY, CANCER, REGIONAL PERFUSION; CYTOREDUCTION SURGICAL PROCEDURES; GASTROINTESTINAL NEOPLASMS; HUMANS; NEOPLASM STAGING; NEOPLASM, RESIDUAL; PATIENT SELECTION; PERITONEAL NEOPLASMS; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; RISK FACTORS; TIME FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84910151550     PISSN: 10079327     EISSN: 22192840     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i39.14371     Document Type: Review

References (80)

1. Jonjić N, Peri G, Bernasconi S, Sciacca FL, Colotta F, Pelicci P, Lanfrancone L, Mantovani A. Expression of adhesion molecules and chemotactic cytokines in cultured human mesothelial cells. J Exp Med 1992; 176: 1165-1174 [PMID: 1383376]
2. Klein CL, Bittinger F, Skarke CC, Wagner M, Köhler H, Walgenbach S, Kirkpatrick CJ. Effects of cytokines on the expression of cell adhesion molecules by cultured human omental mesothelial cells. Pathobiology 1995; 63: 204-212 [PMID: 8866792 DOI: 10.1159/000163953]
3. Müller J, Yoshida T. Interaction of murine peritoneal leukocytes and mesothelial cells: in vitro model system to survey cellular events on serosal membranes during inflammation. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1995; 75: 231-238 [PMID: 7768040 DOI: 10.1006/clin.1995.1076]
4. Jayne D . Molecular biology of peritoneal carcinomatosis. Cancer Treat Res 2007; 134: 21-33 [PMID: 17633045]
5. Chu DZ, Lang NP, Thompson C, Osteen PK, Westbrook KC. Peritoneal carcinomatosis in nongynecologic malignancy. A prospective study of prognostic factors. Cancer 1989; 63: 364-367 [PMID: 2910444]
6. Sadeghi B, Arvieux C, Glehen O, Beaujard AC, Rivoire M, Baulieux J, Fontaumard E, Brachet A, Caillot JL, Faure JL, Porcheron J, Peix JL, Franc¸ois Y, Vignal J, Gilly FN. Peritoneal carcinomatosis from non-gynecologic malignancies: results of the EVOCAPE 1 multicentric prospective study. Cancer 2000; 88: 358-363 [PMID: 10640968]
7. Jayne DG, Fook S, Loi C, Seow-Choen F. Peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer. Br J Surg 2002; 89: 1545-1550 [PMID: 12445064 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2168.2002.02274.x]
8. Brücher BL, Piso P, Verwaal V, Esquivel J, Derraco M, Yonemura Y, Gonzalez-Moreno S, Pelz J, Königsrainer A, Ströhlein M, Levine EA, Morris D, Bartlett D, Glehen O, Garofalo A, Nissan A. Peritoneal carcinomatosis: cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC - overview and basics. Cancer Invest 2012; 30: 209-224 [PMID: 22360361 DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2012.654871]
9. Elias D, Lefevre JH, Chevalier J, Brouquet A, Marchal F, Classe JM, Ferron G, Guilloit JM, Meeus P, Goéré D, Bonastre J. Complete cytoreductive surgery plus intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia with oxaliplatin for peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal origin. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27: 681-685 [PMID: 19103728 DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2008.19.7160]
10. Franko J, Ibrahim Z, Gusani NJ, Holtzman MP, Bartlett DL, Zeh HJ. Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion versus systemic chemotherapy alone for colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis. Cancer 2010; 116: 3756-3762 [PMID: 20564081 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.25116]
11. Kerscher AG, Chua TC, Gasser M, Maeder U, Kunzmann V, Isbert C, Germer CT, Pelz JO. Impact of peritoneal carcinomatosis in the disease history of colorectal cancer management: a longitudinal experience of 2406 patients over two decades. Br J Cancer 2013; 108: 1432-1439 [PMID: 23511564 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.82]
12. Verwaal VJ, van Ruth S, de Bree E, van Sloothen GW, van Tinteren H, Boot H, Zoetmulder FA. Randomized trial of cytoreduction and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy versus systemic chemotherapy and palliative surgery in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2003; 21: 3737-3743 [PMID: 14551293]
13. Sugarbaker PH. Peritonectomy procedures. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2003; 12: 703-727, xiii [PMID: 14567026 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-48993-3-15]
14. Markman M. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the management of malignant disease. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2001; 1: 142-148 [PMID: 12113122]
15. Kampinga HH, Dynlacht JR, Dikomey E. Mechanism of radiosensitization by hyperthermia (& gt; or = 43 degrees C) as derived from studies with DNA repair defective mutant cell lines. Int J Hyperthermia 2004; 20: 131-139 [PMID: 15195507 DOI: 10.1080/02656730310001627713]
16. Issels RD. Hyperthermia adds to chemotherapy. Eur J Cancer 2008; 44: 2546-2554 [PMID: 18789678]
17. Sugarbaker PH. Surgical responsibilities in the management of peritoneal carcinomatosis. J Surg Oncol 2010; 101: 713-724 [PMID: 20512948 DOI: 10.1002/jso.21484]
18. Elias D, Goéré D, Dumont F, Honoré C, Dartigues P, Stoclin A, Malka D, Boige V, Ducreux M. Role of hyperthermic intraoperative peritoneal chemotherapy in the management of peritoneal metastases. Eur J Cancer 2014; 50: 332-340 [PMID: 24157254]
19. Tabrizian P, Shrager B, Jibara G, Yang MJ, Romanoff A, Hiotis S, Sarpel U, Labow DM. Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis: outcomes from a single tertiary institution. J Gastrointest Surg 2014; 18: 1024-1031 [PMID: 24577736 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-014-2477-5]
20. Sugarbaker PH. Early intervention for treatment and prevention of colorectal carcinomatosis: a plan for individualized care. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2012; 21: 689-703 [PMID: 23021724]
21. Sugarbaker PH. Evolution of cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis: are there treatment alternatives? Am J Surg 2011; 201: 157-159 [PMID: 20870209 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2010.04.010]
22. Valle M, Federici O, Garofalo A. Patient selection for cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, and role of laparoscopy in diagnosis, staging, and treatment. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2012; 21: 515-531 [PMID: 23021713 DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2012.07.005]
23. Esquivel J, Elias D, Baratti D, Kusamura S, Deraco M. Consensus statement on the loco regional treatment of colorectal cancer with peritoneal dissemination. J Surg Oncol 2008; 98: 263-267 [PMID: 18726889 DOI: 10.1002/jso.21053]
24. Elias D, Quenet F, Goéré D. Current status and future directions in the treatment of peritoneal dissemination from colorectal carcinoma. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2012; 21: 611-623 [PMID: 23021719]
25. Harmon RL, Sugarbaker PH. Prognostic indicators in peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastrointestinal cancer. Int Semin Surg Oncol 2005; 2: 3 [PMID: 15701175 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7800-2-3]
26. Sugarbaker PH. Management of peritoneal-surface malignancy: the surgeon's role. Langenbecks Arch Surg 1999; 384: 576-587 [PMID: 10654274 DOI: 10.1007/s004230050246]
27. Sugarbaker PH. Successful management of microscopic residual disease in large bowel cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1999; 43 Suppl: S15-S25 [PMID: 10357554]
28. Sugarbaker PH, Chang D. Results of treatment of 385 patients with peritoneal surface spread of appendiceal malignancy. Ann Surg Oncol 1999; 6: 727-731 [PMID: 10622499]
29. Facchiano E, Risio D, Kianmanesh R, Msika S. Laparoscopic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: indications, aims, and results: a systematic review of the literature. Ann Surg Oncol 2012; 19: 2946-2950 [PMID: 22526907 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-012-2360-0]
30. Di Miceli D, Alfieri S, Caprino P, Menghi R, Quero G, Cina C, Pericoli Ridolfini M, Doglietto GB. Complications related to hyperthermia during hypertermic intraoperative intraperitoneal chemiotherapy (HIPEC) treatment. Do they exist? Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2012; 16: 737-742 [PMID: 22913203]
31. Canda AE, Sokmen S, Terzi C, Arslan C, Oztop I, Karabulut B, Ozzeybek D, Sarioglu S, Fuzun M. Complications and toxicities after cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Ann Surg Oncol 2013; 20: 1082-1087 [PMID: 23456387 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-012-2853-x]
32. Roviello F, Marrelli D, Neri A, Cerretani D, de Manzoni G, Pedrazzani C, Cioppa T, Nastri G, Giorgi G, Pinto E. Treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis by cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemoperfusion (IHCP): postoperative outcome and risk factors for morbidity. World J Surg 2006; 30: 2033-2040; discussion 2041-2042 [PMID: 17006608 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-006-0498-2]
33. Chua TC, Yan TD, Saxena A, Morris DL. Should the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis by cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy still be regarded as a highly morbid procedure?: a systematic review of morbidity and mortality. Ann Surg 2009; 249: 900-907 [PMID: 19474692 DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181a45d86]
34. Kusamura S, Younan R, Baratti D, Costanzo P, Favaro M, Gavazzi C, Deraco M. Cytoreductive surgery followed by intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion: analysis of morbidity and mortality in 209 peritoneal surface malignancies treated with closed abdomen technique. Cancer 2006; 106: 1144-1153 [PMID: 16456817 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.21708]
35. Glehen O, Osinsky D, Cotte E, Kwiatkowski F, Freyer G, Isaac S, Trillet-Lenoir V, Sayag-Beaujard AC, Franc¸ois Y, Vignal J, Gilly FN. Intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia using a closed abdominal procedure and cytoreductive surgery for the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis: morbidity and mortality analysis of 216 consecutive procedures. Ann Surg Oncol 2003; 10: 863-869 [PMID: 14527903 DOI: 10.1245/ASO.2003.01.018]
36. Capone A, Valle M, Proietti F, Federici O, Garofalo A, Petrosillo N. Postoperative infections in cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal intraoperative chemotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis. J Surg Oncol 2007; 96: 507-513 [PMID: 17708508 DOI: 10.1002/jso]
37. Andréasson H, Lorant T, Pa˚hlman L, Graf W, Mahteme H. Cytoreductive surgery plus perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy in pseudomyxoma peritonei: aspects of the learning curve. Eur J Surg Oncol 2014; 40: 930-936 [PMID: 24656455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2014.03.001]
38. Kerscher AG, Mallalieu J, Pitroff A, Kerscher F, Esquivel J. Morbidity and mortality of 109 consecutive cytoreductive procedures with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) performed at a community hospital. World J Surg 2010; 34: 62-69 [PMID: 20020294 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-009-0281-2]
39. Cintron JR, Pearl RK. Colorectal cancer and peritoneal carcinomatosis. Semin Surg Oncol 1996; 12: 267-278 [PMID: 8829286]
40. Saltz LB, Clarke S, Díaz-Rubio E, Scheithauer W, Figer A, Wong R, Koski S, Lichinitser M, Yang TS, Rivera F, Couture F, Sirzén F, Cassidy J. Bevacizumab in combination with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy as first-line therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: a randomized phase III study. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26: 2013-2019 [PMID: 18421054 DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2007.14.9930]
41. Klaver YL, Lemmens VE, Creemers GJ, Rutten HJ, Nienhuijs SW, de Hingh IH. Population-based survival of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal origin in the era of increasing use of palliative chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 2011; 22: 2250-2256 [PMID: 21345939]
42. Elias D, Gilly F, Boutitie F, Quenet F, Bereder JM, Mansvelt B, Lorimier G, Dubè P, Glehen O. Peritoneal colorectal carcinomatosis treated with surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy: retrospective analysis of 523 patients from a multicentric French study. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28: 63-68 [PMID: 19917863 DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2009.23.9285]
43. Hompes D, Boot H, van Tinteren H, Verwaal V. Unresectable peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer: a single center experience. J Surg Oncol 2011; 104: 269-273 [PMID: 21465492 DOI: 10.1002/jso.21937]
44. Mulsow J, Merkel S, Agaimy A, Hohenberger W. Outcomes following surgery for colorectal cancer with synchronous peritoneal metastases. Br J Surg 2011; 98: 1785-1791 [PMID: 22034185 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.7653]
45. Quenet F, Goéré D, Mehta SS, Roca L, Dumont F, Hessissen M, Saint-Aubert B, Elias D. Results of two bi-institutional prospective studies using intraperitoneal oxaliplatin with or without irinotecan during HIPEC after cytoreductive surgery for colorectal carcinomatosis. Ann Surg 2011; 254: 294-301 [PMID: 21772129 DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3182263933]
46. Levine EA, Stewart JH, Russell GB, Geisinger KR, Loggie BL, Shen P. Cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy for peritoneal surface malignancy: experience with 501 procedures. J Am Coll Surg 2007; 204: 943-953; discussion 953-955 [PMID: 17481516]
47. Glehen O, Kwiatkowski F, Sugarbaker PH, Elias D, Levine EA, De Simone M, Barone R, Yonemura Y, Cavaliere F, Quenet F, Gutman M, Tentes AA, Lorimier G, Bernard JL, Bereder JM, Porcheron J, Gomez-Portilla A, Shen P, Deraco M, Rat P. Cytoreductive surgery combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for the management of peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer: a multi-institutional study. J Clin Oncol 2004; 22: 3284-3292 [PMID: 15310771 DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2004.10.012]
48. Cao C, Yan TD, Black D, Morris DL. A systematic review and meta-analysis of cytoreductive surgery with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal origin. Ann Surg Oncol 2009; 16: 2152-2165 [PMID: 19434455 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-009-0487-4]
49. Hompes D, D'Hoore A, Van Cutsem E, Fieuws S, Ceelen W, Peeters M, Van der Speeten K, Bertrand C, Legendre H, Kerger J. The treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal cancer with complete cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal peroperative chemotherapy (HIPEC) with oxaliplatin: a Belgian multicentre prospective phase II clinical study. Ann Surg Oncol 2012; 19: 2186-2194 [PMID: 22395983 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-012-2264-z]
50. Elias D, Benizri E, Pocard M, Ducreux M, Boige V, Lasser P. Treatment of synchronous peritoneal carcinomatosis and liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2006; 32: 632-636 [PMID: 16621428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2006.03.013]
51. Maggiori L, Goéré D, Viana B, Tzanis D, Dumont F, Honoré C, Eveno C, Elias D. Should patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal origin with synchronous liver metastases be treated with a curative intent? A case-control study. Ann Surg 2013; 258: 116-121 [PMID: 23207243 DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3182778089]
52. Elias D, Honoré C, Dumont F, Ducreux M, Boige V, Malka D, Burtin P, Dromain C, Goéré D. Results of systematic secondlook surgery plus HIPEC in asymptomatic patients presenting a high risk of developing colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis. Ann Surg 2011; 254: 289-293 [PMID: 21709543 DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31822638f6]
53. Sugarbaker PH, Kern K, Lack E. Malignant pseudomyxoma peritonei of colonic origin. Natural history and presentation of a curative approach to treatment. Dis Colon Rectum 1987; 30: 772-779 [PMID: 2820671]
54. Ronnett BM, Yan H, Kurman RJ, Shmookler BM, Wu L, Sugarbaker PH. Patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei associated with disseminated peritoneal adenomucinosis have a significantly more favorable prognosis than patients with peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis. Cancer 2001; 92: 85-91 [PMID: 11443613]
55. Deraco M, Kusamura S, Laterza B, Favaro M, Fumagalli L, Costanzo P, Baratti D. Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intra-peritoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in the treatment of pseudomyxoma peritonei: ten years experience in a single center. In Vivo 2006; 20: 773-776 [PMID: 17203766]
56. Bradley RF, Stewart JH, Russell GB, Levine EA, Geisinger KR. Pseudomyxoma peritonei of appendiceal origin: a clinicopathologic analysis of 101 patients uniformly treated at a single institution, with literature review. Am J Surg Pathol 2006; 30: 551-559 [PMID: 16699309 DOI: 10.1097/01.pas.0000202039.74837.7d]
57. El Halabi H, Gushchin V, Francis J, Athas N, Macdonald R, Nieroda C, Studeman K, Sardi A. The role of cytoreductive surgery and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC) in patients with high-grade appendiceal carcinoma and extensive peritoneal carcinomatosis. Ann Surg Oncol 2012; 19: 110-114 [PMID: 21701929 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-011-1840-y]
58. Elias D, Gilly F, Quenet F, Bereder JM, Sidéris L, Mansvelt B, Lorimier G, Glehen O. Pseudomyxoma peritonei: a French multicentric study of 301 patients treated with cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Eur J Surg Oncol 2010; 36: 456-462 [PMID: 20227231]
59. Bollinger DJ, Wick MR, Dehner LP, Mills SE, Swanson PE, Clarke RE. Peritoneal malignant mesothelioma versus serous papillary adenocarcinoma. A histochemical and immunohistochemical comparison. Am J Surg Pathol 1989; 13: 659-670 [PMID: 2473660 DOI: 10.1097/00000478-198908000-00004]
60. Kuramoto M, Shimada S, Ikeshima S, Matsuo A, Yagi Y, Matsuda M, Yonemura Y, Baba H. Extensive intraoperative peritoneal lavage as a standard prophylactic strategy for peritoneal recurrence in patients with gastric carcinoma. Ann Surg 2009; 250: 242-246 [PMID: 19638909 DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181b0c80e]
61. van Ruth S, Hart AA, Bonfrer JM, Verwaal VJ, Zoetmulder FA. Prognostic value of baseline and serial carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19.9 measurements in patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei treated with cytoreduction and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Ann Surg Oncol 2002; 9: 961-967 [PMID: 12464587 DOI: 10.1245/ASO.2002.04.020]
62. Halabi HE, Gushchin V, Francis J, Athas N, Macdonald R, Nieroda C, Studeman K, Sardi A. Prognostic significance of lymph node metastases in patients with high-grade appendiceal cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2012; 19: 122-125 [PMID: 21748246 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-011-1903-0]
63. Moran B, Baratti D, Yan TD, Kusamura S, Deraco M. Consensus statement on the loco-regional treatment of appendiceal mucinous neoplasms with peritoneal dissemination (pseudomyxoma peritonei). J Surg Oncol 2008; 98: 277-282 [PMID: 18726894 DOI: 10.1002/jso.21054]
64. Jacquet P, Jelinek JS, Chang D, Koslowe P, Sugarbaker PH. Abdominal computed tomographic scan in the selection of patients with mucinous peritoneal carcinomatosis for cytoreductive surgery. J Am Coll Surg 1995; 181: 530-538 [PMID: 7582228]
65. Stewart JH, Shen P, Levine EA. Intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy for peritoneal surface malignancy: current status and future directions. Ann Surg Oncol 2005; 12: 765-777 [PMID: 16132375 DOI: 10.1245/ASO.2005.12.001]
66. Stewart JH, Shen P, Russell GB, Bradley RF, Hundley JC, Loggie BL, Geisinger KR, Levine EA. Appendiceal neoplasms with peritoneal dissemination: outcomes after cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy. Ann Surg Oncol 2006; 13: 624-634 [PMID: 16538401 DOI: 10.1007/s10434-006-9708-2]
67. Sugarbaker PH. New standard of care for appendiceal epithelial neoplasms and pseudomyxoma peritonei syndrome? Lancet Oncol 2006; 7: 69-76 [PMID: 16389186]
68. Gill RS, Al-Adra DP, Nagendran J, Campbell S, Shi X, Haase E, Schiller D. Treatment of gastric cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis by cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC: a systematic review of survival, mortality, and morbidity. J Surg Oncol 2011; 104: 692-698 [PMID: 21713780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2011.06.324]
69. Saito H, Kihara K, Kuroda H, Matsunaga T, Tatebe S, Ikeguchi M. Surgical outcomes for gastric cancer patients with intraperitoneal free cancer cell, but no macroscopic peritoneal metastasis. J Surg Oncol 2011; 104: 534-537 [PMID: 21618248 DOI: 10.1002/jso.21983]
70. Glehen O, Gilly FN, Arvieux C, Cotte E, Boutitie F, Mansvelt B, Bereder JM, Lorimier G, Quenet F, Elias D. Peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric cancer: a multi-institutional study of 159 patients treated by cytoreductive surgery combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Ann Surg Oncol 2010; 17: 2370-2377 [PMID: 20336386 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-010-1039-7]
71. Yang XJ, Huang CQ, Suo T, Mei LJ, Yang GL, Cheng FL, Zhou YF, Xiong B, Yonemura Y, Li Y. Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy improves survival of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric cancer: final results of a phase III randomized clinical trial. Ann Surg Oncol 2011; 18: 1575-1581 [PMID: 21431408 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-011-1631-5]
72. Huang JY, Xu YY, Sun Z, Zhu Z, Song YX, Guo PT, You Y, Xu HM. Comparison different methods of intraoperative and intraperitoneal chemotherapy for patients with gastric cancer: a meta-analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2012; 13: 4379-4385 [PMID: 23167347 DOI: 10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.9.4379]
73. Sun J, Song Y, Wang Z, Gao P, Chen X, Xu Y, Liang J, Xu H. Benefits of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for patients with serosal invasion in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of the randomized controlled trials. BMC Cancer 2012; 12: 526 [PMID: 23153379 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-526]
74. Janunger KG, Hafström L, Nygren P, Glimelius B. A systematic overview of chemotherapy effects in gastric cancer. Acta Oncol 2001; 40: 309-326 [PMID: 11441938]
75. Dabaja BS, Suki D, Pro B, Bonnen M, Ajani J. Adenocarcinoma of the small bowel: presentation, prognostic factors, and outcome of 217 patients. Cancer 2004; 101: 518-526 [PMID: 15274064 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.20404]
76. Howe JR, Karnell LH, Menck HR, Scott-Conner C. The American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer and the American Cancer Society. Adenocarcinoma of the small bowel: review of the National Cancer Data Base, 1985-1995. Cancer 1999; 86: 2693-2706 [PMID: 10594865]
77. Locher C, Malka D, Boige V, Lebray P, Elias D, Lasser P, Ducreux M. Combination chemotherapy in advanced small bowel adenocarcinoma. Oncology 2005; 69: 290-294 [PMID: 16282708 DOI: 10.1159/000089678]
78. Chua TC, Koh JL, Yan TD, Liauw W, Morris DL. Cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis from small bowel adenocarcinoma. J Surg Oncol 2009; 100: 139-143 [PMID: 19544356 DOI: 10.1002/jso.21315]
79. Marchettini P, Sugarbaker PH. Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the small bowel with peritoneal seeding. Eur J Surg Oncol 2002; 28: 19-23 [PMID: 11869008]
80. Jacks SP, Hundley JC, Shen P, Russell GB, Levine EA. Cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis from small bowel adenocarcinoma. J Surg Oncol 2005; 91: 112-117; discussion 118-119 [PMID: 16028284 DOI: 10.1002/jso.20296]