Improving outcomes in pancreatic cancer: Key points in perioperative management

World Journal of Gastroenterology

Volumn 20, Issue 39, 2014, Pages 14237-14245

  Álamo, José M ^a   Marín, Luis M ^b   Suarez, Gonzalo ^b   Bernal, Carmen ^b   Serrano, Juan ^b   Barrera, Lydia ^b   Gómez, Miguel A ^a   Muntané, Jordi ^a   Padillo, Francisco J ^b  

^a INSTITUTO DE SALUD CARLOS III   (Spain)

^b HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO VIRGEN DEL ROCÍO   (Spain)

Author keywords

Neo adjuvant therapy; Obstructive jaundice; Pancreatic cancer; Preoperative drainage; Vascular resection

Indexed keywords

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT;

ADJUVANT THERAPY; BILIARY TRACT DRAINAGE; CANCER ADJUVANT THERAPY; CANCER GROWTH; CHEMORADIOTHERAPY; CHOLANGITIS; DISEASE SEVERITY; HUMAN; JAUNDICE; MORBIDITY; PANCREAS ADENOCARCINOMA; PANCREAS CANCER; PANCREAS RESECTION; PANCREATICODUODENECTOMY; PANCREATITIS; PERIOPERATIVE PERIOD; PHASE 3 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; SURGICAL MORTALITY; TREATMENT OUTCOME; ADENOCARCINOMA; ADJUVANT CHEMORADIOTHERAPY; ADVERSE EFFECTS; DRAINAGE; MORTALITY; NEOADJUVANT THERAPY; PANCREATIC NEOPLASMS; PATHOLOGY; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; VASCULAR SURGERY;

ADENOCARCINOMA; CHEMORADIOTHERAPY, ADJUVANT; DRAINAGE; HUMANS; NEOADJUVANT THERAPY; PANCREATECTOMY; PANCREATIC NEOPLASMS; PANCREATICODUODENECTOMY; PERIOPERATIVE CARE; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VASCULAR SURGICAL PROCEDURES;

EID: 84910125565     PISSN: 10079327     EISSN: 22192840     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i39.14237     Document Type: Review

References (68)

1. Siegel R, Naishadham D, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2013. CA Cancer J Clin 2013; 63: 11-30 [PMID: 23335087 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21166]
2. Gillen S, Schuster T, Meyer Zum Büschenfelde C, Friess H, Kleeff J. Preoperative/neoadjuvant therapy in pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of response and resection percentages. PLoS Med 2010; 7: e1000267 [PMID: 20422030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000267]
3. Saif MW. Controversies in the adjuvant treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. JOP 2007; 8: 545-552 [PMID: 17873458]
4. Padillo FJ, Andicoberry B, Muntane J, Lozano JM, Miño G, Sitges-Serra A, Solorzano G, Pera-Madrazo C. Cytokines and acute-phase response markers derangements in patients with obstructive jaundice. Hepatogastroenterology 2001; 48: 378-381 [PMID: 11379313]
5. Padillo FJ, Andicoberry B, Muntane J, Lozano JM, Miño G, Sitges-Serra A, Pera-Madrazo C. Factors predicting nutritional derangements in patients with obstructive jaundice: multivariate analysis. World J Surg 2001; 25: 413-418 [PMID: 11344390]
6. Padillo FJ, Andicoberry B, Pera-Madrazo C, Sitges-Serra A. Anorexia and malnutrition in patients with obstructive jaundice. Nutrition 2002; 18: 987-990 [PMID: 12431722]
7. Padillo FJ, Rodriguez M, Gallardo JM, Andicoberry B, Naranjo A, Minõ G, Sitges-Serra A, Pera-Madrazo C. Changes in the pattern of visceral protein concentrations after internal biliary drainage in patients with obstructive jaundice. Eur J Surg 1999; 165: 550-555 [PMID: 10433138 DOI: 10.1080/110241599750006442]
8. Padillo FJ, Andicoberry B, Naranjo A, Miño G, Pera C, Sitges-Serra A. Anorexia and the effect of internal biliary drainage on food intake in patients with obstructive jaundice. J Am Coll Surg 2001; 192: 584-590 [PMID: 11333095]
9. Padillo FJ, Briceño J, Cruz A, Chicano M, Naranjo A, Vallejo J, Martín-Malo A, Pera-Madrazo C, Sitges-Serra A. Randomized clinical trial of the effect of intravenous fluid administration on hormonal and renal dysfunction in patients with obstructive jaundice undergoing endoscopic drainage. Br J Surg 2005; 92: 39-43 [PMID: 15521079 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.4790]
10. Valverde J, Martínez-Ródenas F, Pereira JA, Carulla X, Jiménez W, Gubern JM, Sitges-Serra A. Rapid increase in plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide after common bile duct ligation in the rabbit. Ann Surg 1992; 216: 554-559 [PMID: 1444646]
11. Padillo J, Puente J, Gómez M, Dios F, Naranjo A, Vallejo JA, Miño G, Pera C, Sitges-Serra A. Improved cardiac function in patients with obstructive jaundice after internal biliary drainage: hemodynamic and hormonal assessment. Ann Surg 2001; 234: 652-656 [PMID: 11685028]
12. Fang Y, Gurusamy KS, Wang Q, Davidson BR, Lin H, Xie X, Wang C. Pre-operative biliary drainage for obstructive jaundice. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 9: CD005444 [PMID: 22972086 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005444.pub3]
13. Garcea G, Chee W, Ong SL, Maddern GJ. Preoperative biliary drainage for distal obstruction: the case against revisited. Pancreas 2010; 39: 119-126 [PMID: 19940799 DOI: 10.1097/MPA.0b013e3181bd65de]
14. van der Gaag NA, Rauws EA, van Eijck CH, Bruno MJ, van der Harst E, Kubben FJ, Gerritsen JJ, Greve JW, Gerhards MF, de Hingh IH, Klinkenbijl JH, Nio CY, de Castro SM, Busch OR, van Gulik TM, Bossuyt PM, Gouma DJ. Preoperative biliary drainage for cancer of the head of the pancreas. N Engl J Med 2010; 362: 129-137 [PMID: 20071702 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa0903230]
15. Eshuis WJ, van der Gaag NA, Rauws EA, van Eijck CH, Bruno MJ, Kuipers EJ, Coene PP, Kubben FJ, Gerritsen JJ, Greve JW, Gerhards MF, de Hingh IH, Klinkenbijl JH, Nio CY, de Castro SM, Busch OR, van Gulik TM, Bossuyt PM, Gouma DJ. Therapeutic delay and survival after surgery for cancer of the pancreatic head with or without preoperative biliary drainage. Ann Surg 2010; 252: 840-849 [PMID: 21037440 DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181fd36a2]
16. Jagannath P, Dhir V, Shrikhande S, Shah RC, Mullerpatan P, Mohandas KM. Effect of preoperative biliary stenting on immediate outcome after pancreaticoduodenectomy. Br J Surg 2005; 92: 356-361 [PMID: 15672425 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.4864]
17. Siddiqui AA, Mehendiratta V, Loren D, Kowalski T, Fang J, Hilden K, Adler DG. Self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) for preoperative biliary decompression in patients with resectable and borderline-resectable pancreatic cancer: outcomes in 241 patients. Dig Dis Sci 2013; 58: 1744-1750 [PMID: 23179157 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-012-2482-z]
18. Coates JM, Beal SH, Russo JE, Vanderveen KA, Chen SL, Bold RJ, Canter RJ. Negligible effect of selective preoperative biliary drainage on perioperative resuscitation, morbidity, and mortality in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. Arch Surg 2009; 144: 841-847 [PMID: 19797109 DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.2009.152]
19. Kleeff J, Friess H, Büchler MW. Neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic cancer. Br J Surg 2007; 94: 261-262 [PMID: 17315287 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.5737]
20. Adler G, Seufferlein T, Bischoff SC, Brambs HJ, Feuerbach S, Grabenbauer G, Hahn S, Heinemann V, Hohenberger W, Langrehr JM, Lutz MP, Micke O, Neuhaus H, Neuhaus P, Oettle H, Schlag PM, Schmid R, Schmiegel W, Schlottmann K, Werner J, Wiedenmann B, Kopp I. [S3-Guidelines "Exocrine pancreatic cancer" 2007]. Z Gastroenterol 2007; 45: 487-523 [PMID: 17607616 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-963224]
21. Wayne JD, Abdalla EK, Wolff RA, Crane CH, Pisters PW, Evans DB. Localized adenocarcinoma of the pancreas: the rationale for preoperative chemoradiation. Oncologist 2002; 7: 34-45 [PMID: 11854545]
22. Wray CJ, Ahmad SA, Matthews JB, Lowy AM. Surgery for pancreatic cancer: recent controversies and current practice. Gastroenterology 2005; 128: 1626-1641 [PMID: 15887155]
23. Staley CA, Lee JE, Cleary KR, Abbruzzese JL, Fenoglio CJ, Rich TA, Evans DB. Preoperative chemoradiation, pancreaticoduodenectomy, and intraoperative radiation therapy for adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head. Am J Surg 1996; 171: 118-124; discussion 124-125 [PMID: 8554125 DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9610(99)80085-3]
24. Talamonti MS, Small W, Mulcahy MF, Wayne JD, Attaluri V, Colletti LM, Zalupski MM, Hoffman JP, Freedman GM, Kinsella TJ, Philip PA, McGinn CJ. A multi-institutional phase II trial of preoperative full-dose gemcitabine and concurrent radiation for patients with potentially resectable pancreatic carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2006; 13: 150-158 [PMID: 16418882 DOI: 10.1245/ASO.2006.03.039]
25. Hosein PJ, Macintyre J, Kawamura C, Maldonado JC, Ernani V, Loaiza-Bonilla A, Narayanan G, Ribeiro A, Portelance L, Merchan JR, Levi JU, Rocha-Lima CM. A retrospective study of neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX in unresectable or borderline-resectable locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 2012; 12: 199 [PMID: 22642850 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-199]
26. Evans DB, Varadhachary GR, Crane CH, Sun CC, Lee JE, Pisters PW, Vauthey JN, Wang H, Cleary KR, Staerkel GA, Charnsangavej C, Lano EA, Ho L, Lenzi R, Abbruzzese JL, Wolff RA. Preoperative gemcitabine-based chemoradiation for patients with resectable adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26: 3496-3502 [PMID: 18640930 DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2007.15.8634]
27. Meszoely IM, Wang H, Hoffman JP. Preoperative chemoradiation therapy for adenocarcinoma of the pancreas: The Fox Chase Cancer Center experience, 1986-2003. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2004; 13: 685-696, x [PMID: 15350942 DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2004.06.013]
28. Tempero MA, Behrman S, Ben-Josef E, Benson AB, Cameron JL, Casper ES, Hoffman JP, Karl RC, Kim P, Koh WJ, Kuvshinoff BW, Melvin WS, Muscarella P, Sasson AR, Shibata S, Shrieve DC, Talamonti MS, Tyler DS, Vickers SM, Warren RS, Willett C, Wolff RA. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2005; 3: 598-626 [PMID: 16194453]
29. Stokes JB, Nolan NJ, Stelow EB, Walters DM, Weiss GR, de Lange EE, Rich TA, Adams RB, Bauer TW. Preoperative capecitabine and concurrent radiation for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2011; 18: 619-627 [PMID: 21213060 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-010-1456-7]
30. Sahora K, Kuehrer I, Eisenhut A, Akan B, Koellblinger C, Goetzinger P, Teleky B, Jakesz R, Peck-Radosavljevic M, Ba'ssalamah A, Zielinski C, Gnant M. NeoGemOx: Gemcitabine and oxaliplatin as neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced, nonmetastasized pancreatic cancer. Surgery 2011; 149: 311-320 [PMID: 20817204 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2010.07.048]
31. Barugola G, Partelli S, Crippa S, Capelli P, D'Onofrio M, Pederzoli P, Falconi M. Outcomes after resection of locally advanced or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer after neoadjuvant therapy. Am J Surg 2012; 203: 132-139 [PMID: 21824596 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2011.03.008]
32. Hartwig W, Schneider L, Diener MK, Bergmann F, Büchler MW, Werner J. Preoperative tissue diagnosis for tumours of the pancreas. Br J Surg 2009; 96: 5-20 [PMID: 19016272 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.6407]
33. Callery MP, Chang KJ, Fishman EK, Talamonti MS, William Traverso L, Linehan DC. Pretreatment assessment of resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: expert consensus statement. Ann Surg Oncol 2009; 16: 1727-1733 [PMID: 19396496]
34. Harbour R, Miller J. A new system for grading recommendations in evidence based guidelines. BMJ 2001; 323: 334-336 [PMID: 11498496]
35. Assifi MM, Lu X, Eibl G, Reber HA, Li G, Hines OJ. Neoadjuvant therapy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a metaanalysis of phase II trials. Surgery 2011; 150: 466-473 [PMID: 21878232 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2011.07.006]
36. Andriulli A, Festa V, Botteri E, Valvano MR, Koch M, Bassi C, Maisonneuve P, Sebastiano PD. Neoadjuvant/preoperative gemcitabine for patients with localized pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Ann Surg Oncol 2012; 19: 1644-1662 [PMID: 22012027 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-]
37. Festa V, Andriulli A, Valvano MR, Uomo G, Perri F, Andriulli N, Corrao S, Koch M. Neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy for patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: a meta-analytical evaluation of prospective studies. JOP 2013; 14: 618-625 [PMID: 24216547 DOI: 10.6092/1590-8577/1724]
38. Bhayani NH, Miller JL, Ortenzi G, Kaifi JT, Kimchi ET, Staveley-O'Carroll KF, Gusani NJ. Perioperative outcomes of pancreaticoduodenectomy compared to total pancreatectomy for neoplasia. J Gastrointest Surg 2014; 18: 549-554 [PMID: 24165872 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-013-2393-0]
39. Tan WJ, Kow AW, Liau KH. Moving towards the New International Study Group for Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS) definitions in pancreaticoduodenectomy: a comparison between the old and new. HPB (Oxford) 2011; 13: 566-572 [PMID: 21762300 DOI: 10.1111/j.1477-2574.2011.00336.x]
40. Laurence JM, Tran PD, Morarji K, Eslick GD, Lam VW, Sandroussi C. A systematic review and meta-analysis of survival and surgical outcomes following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for pancreatic cancer. J Gastrointest Surg 2011; 15: 2059-2069 [PMID: 21913045 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-011-1659-]
41. Bluemke DA, Fishman EK. CT and MR evaluation of pancreatic cancer. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 1998; 7: 103-124 [PMID: 9443989]
42. Allema JH, Reinders ME, van Gulik TM, van Leeuwen DJ, de Wit LT, Verbeek PC, Gouma DJ. Portal vein resection in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy for carcinoma of the pancreatic head. Br J Surg 1994; 81: 1642-1646 [PMID: 7827892]
43. Harrison LE, Klimstra DS, Brennan MF. Isolated portal vein involvement in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. A contraindication for resection? Ann Surg 1996; 224: 342-347; discussion 347-349 [PMID: 8813262]
44. Leach SD, Lee JE, Charnsangavej C, Cleary KR, Lowy AM, Fenoglio CJ, Pisters PW, Evans DB. Survival following pancreaticoduodenectomy with resection of the superior mesenteric-portal vein confluence for adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head. Br J Surg 1998; 85: 611-617 [PMID: 9635805 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2168.1998.00641.x]
45. Yekebas EF, Bogoevski D, Cataldegirmen G, Kunze C, Marx A, Vashist YK, Schurr PG, Liebl L, Thieltges S, Gawad KA, Schneider C, Izbicki JR. En bloc vascular resection for locally advanced pancreatic malignancies infiltrating major blood vessels: perioperative outcome and long-term survival in 136 patients. Ann Surg 2008; 247: 300-309 [PMID: 18216537 DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31815aab22]
46. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). Guidelines in oncology: pancreatic adenocarcinoma 2008. Accessed May 5, 2011. Available from: URL: http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician-gls/PDF/pancreatic.pdf
47. Wagner M, Redaelli C, Lietz M, Seiler CA, Friess H, Büchler MW. Curative resection is the single most important factor determining outcome in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Br J Surg 2004; 91: 586-594 [PMID: 15122610 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.4484]
48. Cameron JL, Riall TS, Coleman J, Belcher KA. One thousand consecutive pancreaticoduodenectomies. Ann Surg 2006; 244: 10-15 [PMID: 16794383 DOI: 10.1097/01.sla.0000217673.04165.ea]
49. Weitz J, Rahbari N, Koch M, Büchler MW. The "artery first" approach for resection of pancreatic head cancer. J Am Coll Surg 2010; 210: e1-e4 [PMID: 20113929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2009.10.019]
50. Mollberg N, Rahbari NN, Koch M, Hartwig W, Hoeger Y, Büchler MW, Weitz J. Arterial resection during pancreatectomy for pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg 2011; 254: 882-893 [PMID: 22064622 DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31823ac299]
51. Bachellier P, Rosso E, Lucescu I, Oussoultzoglou E, Tracey J, Pessaux P, Ferreira N, Jaeck D. Is the need for an arterial resection a contraindication to pancreatic resection for locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma? A case-matched controlled study. J Surg Oncol 2011; 103: 75-84 [PMID: 21105000 DOI: 10.1002/jso.21769]
52. Bockhorn M, Burdelski C, Bogoevski D, Sgourakis G, Yekebas EF, Izbicki JR. Arterial en bloc resection for pancreatic carcinoma. Br J Surg 2011; 98: 86-92 [PMID: 21136564 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.7270]
53. Moore GE, Sako Y, Thomas LB. Radical pancreatoduodenectomy with resection and reanastomosis of the superior mesenteric vein. Surgery 1951; 30: 550-553 [PMID: 14866700]
54. Asada S, Itaya H, Nakamura K, Isohashi T, Masuoka S. Radical Pancreatoduodenectomy and portal vein resection. Report of two successful cases with transplantation of portal vein. Arch Surg 1963; 87: 609-613 [PMID: 14056238]
55. Fortner JG. Regional resection of cancer of the pancreas: a new surgical approach. Surgery 1973; 73: 307-320 [PMID: 4265314]
56. Sindelar WF. Clinical experience with regional pancreatectomy for adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Arch Surg 1989; 124: 127-132 [PMID: 2910241]
57. Yeo CJ, Cameron JL, Lillemoe KD, Sohn TA, Campbell KA, Sauter PK, Coleman J, Abrams RA, Hruban RH. Pancreaticoduodenectomy with or without distal gastrectomy and extended retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for periampullary adenocarcinoma, part 2: randomized controlled trial evaluating survival, morbidity, and mortality. Ann Surg 2002; 236: 355-366; discussion 366-368 [PMID: 12192322 DOI: 10.1097/01.SLA.0000027272.08464.0B]
58. Fuhrman GM, Leach SD, Staley CA, Cusack JC, Charnsangavej C, Cleary KR, El-Naggar AK, Fenoglio CJ, Lee JE, Evans DB. Rationale for en bloc vein resection in the treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma adherent to the superior mesenteric-portal vein confluence. Pancreatic Tumor Study Group. Ann Surg 1996; 223: 154-162 [PMID: 8597509]
59. Roder JD, Stein HJ, Siewert JR. Carcinoma of the periampullary region: who benefits from portal vein resection? Am J Surg 1996; 171: 170-174; discussion 174-175 [PMID: 8554135 DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9610(99)80094-4]
60. Winter JM, Cameron JL, Campbell KA, Arnold MA, Chang DC, Coleman J, Hodgin MB, Sauter PK, Hruban RH, Riall TS, Schulick RD, Choti MA, Lillemoe KD, Yeo CJ. 1423 pancreaticoduodenectomies for pancreatic cancer: A single-institution experience. J Gastrointest Surg 2006; 10: 1199-1210; discussion 1210-1211 [PMID: 17114007 DOI: 10.1016/j.gassur.2006.08.018]
61. Richter A, Niedergethmann M, Sturm JW, Lorenz D, Post S, Trede M. Long-term results of partial pancreaticoduodenectomy for ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head: 25-year experience. World J Surg 2003; 27: 324-329 [PMID: 12607060 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-002-6659-z]
62. Gouma DJ, van Geenen RC, van Gulik TM, de Haan RJ, de Wit LT, Busch OR, Obertop H. Rates of complications and death after pancreaticoduodenectomy: risk factors and the impact of hospital volume. Ann Surg 2000; 232: 786-795 [PMID: 11088073]
63. McPhee JT, Hill JS, Whalen GF, Zayaruzny M, Litwin DE, Sullivan ME, Anderson FA, Tseng JF. Perioperative mortality for pancreatectomy: a national perspective. Ann Surg 2007; 246: 246-253 [PMID: 17667503 DOI: 10.1097/01.sla.0000259993.17350.3a]
64. Howard TJ, Villanustre N, Moore SA, DeWitt J, LeBlanc J, Maglinte D, McHenry L. Efficacy of venous reconstruction in patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head. J Gastrointest Surg 2003; 7: 1089-1095 [PMID: 14675720]
65. Bachellier P, Nakano H, Oussoultzoglou PD, Weber JC, Boudjema K, Wolf PD, Jaeck D. Is pancreaticoduodenectomy with mesentericoportal venous resection safe and worthwhile? Am J Surg 2001; 182: 120-129 [PMID: 11574081]
66. Ramacciato G, Mercantini P, Petrucciani N, Giaccaglia V, Nigri G, Ravaioli M, Cescon M, Cucchetti A, Del Gaudio M. Does portal-superior mesenteric vein invasion still indicate irresectability for pancreatic carcinoma? Ann Surg Oncol 2009; 16: 817-825 [PMID: 19156463 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-008-0281-8]
67. Siriwardana HP, Siriwardena AK. Systematic review of outcome of synchronous portal-superior mesenteric vein resection during pancreatectomy for cancer. Br J Surg 2006; 93: 662-673 [PMID: 16703621 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.5368]
68. Martin RC, Scoggins CR, Egnatashvili V, Staley CA, McMasters KM, Kooby DA. Arterial and venous resection for pancreatic adenocarcinoma: operative and long-term outcomes. Arch Surg 2009; 144: 154-159 [PMID: 19221327 DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.2008.547]