Caribbean Spanish in the metropolis: Spanish language among Cubans, Dominicans, and Puerto Ricans in the New York city area

Caribbean Spanish In The Metropolis: Spanish Language Among Cubans, Dominicans, And Puerto Ricans In The New York City Area

Volumn , Issue , 2004, Pages 1-128

  Lamboy, Edwin M ^a  

^a CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84909418816     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203310991     Document Type: Book

References (88)

1. Alba, O. "Estudio socioligüístico de la variación de las líquidas finales de palabra en el español cibaeño." In Studies in Caribbean Spanish Dialectology, edited by R.M.Hammond and C.Resnick. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 1988.
2. Amastae, J., and L.Elías-Olivares, L., eds. Spanish in the United States: Sociolinguistic Aspects. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
3. Attinasi, J. "Language attitudes in a Puerto Rican community." In Bilingual Education and Public Policy in the United States, edited by R.V.Padilla. Ypsilanti, MI: Eastern Michigan University, 1979.
4. Bailey, D.J. "Status of the Hispanic population in the United States." In The Hispanic Population of the United States: An Overview. Congressional Research Service, Subcommittee on Census and Population. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1983.
5. Bean, F.D., and M.Tienda, M. The Hispanic Population of the United States. New York: Russell Sage Foundation 1987.
6. Bergen, J., ed. Spanish in the United States: Sociolinguistic Issues. Washington DC: Georgetown University Press, 1990.
7. Bloomfield, L. Language. New York: Henry Holt, 1933.
8. Elerik, C. "On the form of bilingual grammars: The phonological component." In A Festschrift for Jacob Ornstein: Studies in General Linguistics and Sociolinguistics, edited by E.L.Blansitt, Jr. and R.V.Teschner. Rowley, MA: Newbury House, 1980.
9. Elías-Olivares, L., E.A.Leone, R.Cisneros, and J.R.Gutiérrez, eds. Spanish Language Use and Public Life in the USA. Berlin: Mouton, 1985.
10. Fishman, J.A. 1964. Language maintenance and language shift as a field of inquiry: A definition of the field and suggestions for its further development. Linguistics 9:32-70.
11. Fishman, J.A. "Language maintenance in a supra-ethnic age: Summary and conclusions. In Lanuage Loyalty in the United States, edited by J.A. Fishman, V.C.Nahirny, J.E.Hoffman, and R.G.Hayden. The Netherlands: Mouton, 1966a.
12. Fishman, J.A. "Planned reinforcement of language maintenance in the United States: Suggestions for the conservation of a neglected national resource." In Language Loyalty in the United States, edited by J.A.Fishman, V.C.Nahirny, J.E.Hoffman, and R.G.Hayden. The Netherlands: Mouton, 1966b.
13. Fishman, J.A. "The relationship between micro-and macro-sociolinguistics in the study of who speaks what language to whom and when." In Bilingualism in the Barrio. Vol. 7, Language Science Monographs, edited by J.A.Fishman, R.L.Cooper, and R. Ma. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1971.
14. Fishman, J.A. 1984. Mother tongue claiming in the United States since 1960: Trends and correlates related to the "revival of ethnicity." International Journal of the Sociology of Language 50:21-99.
15. Floyd, M.B. "Spanish in the Southwest: Language maintenance or shift?" In Spanish Language Use and Public Life in the USA, edited by L.Elías-Olivares, E.A. Leone, R.Cisneros, and J.R.Gutiérrez. Berlin: Mouton, 1985.
16. Gans, H.J. 1992. Second-generation decline: Scenarios for the economic andethnic futures of the post-1965 American immigrants. Ethnic and Racial Studies 15: 173-92.
17. García, O. "Spanish language loss as a determinant of income among Latinos in the United States: Implications for language policy in schools." In Power and Inequality in Language Education, edited by J.W.Tollefson. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
18. García, O., I. Evangelista, M.Martínez, C.Disla, and B.Paulino. 1988. Spanish language use and attitudes: A study of two New York City communities. Language in Society 17:475-511.
19. Glazer, N. "The process and problems of language-maintenance: An integrative review." In Language Loyalty in the United States, edited by J.A.Fishman, V. C.Nahirny, J.E.Hoffman, and R.G.Hayden. The Netherlands: Mouton, 1966.
20. Grasmuck, S., and R.Grosfoguel. 1997. Geopolitics, economic niches, and gendered social capital among recent Caribbean immigrants in New York City. Sociological Perspectives 40:339-63.
21. Greenfield, L., and J.A.Fishman. "Situational measures of normative language views of person, place and topic among Puerto Rican bilinguals." In Bilingualism in the Barrio. Vol. 7, Language Science Monographs, edited by J. A.Fishman, R.L.Cooper, and R.Ma. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1971.
22. Guitart, J.M. "A propósito del español de Cuba y Puerto Rico: hacia un modelo no sociolingüístico de lo sociodialectal." In Corrientes actuales en la dialectología del Caribe hispánico, edited by H.López Morales. San Juan, PR: Editorial Universitaria de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, 1978.
23. Guitart, J.M. "Conservative versus radical dialects in Spanish: Implications for language instruction. In Bilingual Education for Hispanic Students in the United States, edited by J.A.Fishman and G.D.Keller. New York: Teachers College Press, 1982a.
24. Guitart, J.M. 1982b. On the use of the Spanish subjunctive among Spanish-English bilinguals. Word 33:59-67.
25. Guitart, J.M. "Spanish in contact with itself and the phonological characterization of conservative and radical styles." In Spanish in Contact: Issues in Bilingualism, edited by A.Roca and J.B.Jensen. Boston: Cascadilla Press, 1996.
26. Gumperz, J.J. Language in Social Groups. Stanford, CT: Stanford University Press, 1971.
27. Gutiérrez, M. "Sobre el mantenimiento de las cláusulas subordinadas en el español de Los Angeles." In Spanish in the United States: Sociolinguistic Issues, edited by J.J.Bergen. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 1990.
28. Gynan, S.N. "La nueva política en los Estados Unidos: Propósitos y motivos." In Language and language use: Studies in Spanish, edited by T.A.Morgan, J.F. Lee, and B.VanPatten. New York: University Press of America, 1987.
29. Hamers, J.F., and M.H.Blanc. Bilinguality and Bilingualism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
30. Hart-González, L., and M.Feingold. 1990. Retention of Spanish in the home. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 84:5-34.
31. Hayden, R.G. "Some community dynamics of language maintenance." In Language Loyalty in the United States, edited by J.A.Fishman, V.C.Nahirny, J.E. Hoffman, and R.G.Hayden. The Netherlands: Mouton, 1966.
32. Hidalgo, M. "The dialectics of Spanish language loyalty and maintenance on the U.S.-Mexico border: A two generation study." In Spanish in the United States: Linguistic Contact and Diversity, edited by A.Roca, and J.M.Lipski. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1993.
33. Hoffman, G. "Puerto Ricans in New York: A language-related ethnographic summary." In Bilingualism in the Barrio. Vol. 7, Language Science Monographs, edited by J.A.Fishman, R.L.Cooper, and R.Ma. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1971.
34. Holmes, J. Learning About Language: An Introduction toSociolinguistics. New York: Longman, 1994.
35. Hudson-Edwards, A., and G.D.Bills. "Intergenerational language shift in an Albuquerque barrio." In A Festschrift for Jacob Ornstein: Studies in General Linguistics and Sociolinguistics, edited by E.L.Blansitt, Jr., and R.V. Teschner. Rowley, MA: Newbury House, 1980.
36. Jacobson, R. "The social implications of intra-sentential code-switching." In Spanish in the United States: Sociolinguistics Aspects, edited by J.Amastae and L. Elías-Olivares. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
37. Jensen L., and Y.Chitose. 1994. Today's second generation: Evidence from the 1990 U.S. Census. International Migration Review 28:714-35.
38. Jiménez Sabater, M.A. "Estructuras morfosintácticas en el español dominicano: algunas implicaciones sociolingüísticas." In Corrientes actuales en la dialectología del Caribe hispánico, edited by H.López Morales. San Juan, PR: Editorial Universitaria de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, 1978.
39. Klee, C.A. "Differential language usage patterns by males and females in a rural community in the Rio Grande Valley." In Language and Language Use: Studies in Spanish, edited by T.A.Morgan, J.F.Lee, and B.VanPatten. New York: University Press of America, 1987.
40. Klee, C., and L.Ramos-García. (1991). Sociolinguistics of the Spanish-Speaking World. Tempe, AZ: Bilingual Press, 1991.
41. Labov, W. Social Stratification of English in New York City. Arlington, VA: Center for Applied Linguistics, 1966.
42. Labov, W. Sociolinguistic Patterns. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1972.
43. Labov, W. "Field Method of the Project on linguistic change and variation." In Language in Use, edited by J.Baugh and J.Sherzer. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1984.
44. Labov, W. and P.Pedraza, P. A study of the Puerto Rican speech community in New York City. Report to the Urban Center of Columbia University, 1971.
45. Lipski, J.M. Latin American Spanish. New York: Longman, 1994.
46. López, D. 1982. Chicano language loyalty in an urban setting. Sociology and Social Research 62:167-78.
47. López Morales, H. "Más allá de la regla variable: la velarización de /r/en el español de Puerto Rico." In Language and Language Use: Studies in Spanish, edited by T.A.Morgan, J.F.Lee, and B.VanPatten. New York: University Press of America, 1987.
48. Matluck, J.H. "Bilingualism of Mexican-American children: Language characteristics." In A Festschrift for Jacob Ornstein: Studies in General Linguistics and Sociolinguistics, edited by L.Blansitt, Jr., and R.V.Teschner. Rowley, MA: Newbury House, 1980.
49. Milán, W.G. "Spanish in the inner city: Puerto Rican speech in New York." In Bilingual Education for Hispanic Students in the United States, edited by J.A. Fishman, and G.D.Keller. New York: Teachers College Press, 1982.
50. Milroy, L. "Social network and linguistic focusing. In Sociolinguistic Variation in Speech Communities, edited by S.Romaine. London: Arnold, 1982.
51. Milroy, L. (1987). Language and Social Networks. 2nd ed. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1987.
52. Ocampo, F. "El subjuntivo en tres generaciones de hablantes bilingües." In Spanish in the United States: Sociolinguistic Issues, edited by J.J.Bergen. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 1990.
53. Oropesa, R.S., and N.S.Landale. 1997. In search of the new second generation: Alternative strategies for identifying second generation children and understanding their acquisition of English. Sociological Perspectives 40:429-55.
54. Otheguy, R., and O.García. "Convergent conceptualizations as predictors of degree of contact in U.S.Spanish." In Spanish in the United States: Linguistic Contact and Diversity, edited by A.Roca and J.M.Lipski. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1993.
55. Padilla, A.M., and K.J.Lindholm. "Development of interrogative, negative, and possessive forms in the speech of young Spanish/English bilinguals." In Bilingual Education for Hispanic Students in the United States, edited by J.A. Fishman and G.D.Keller. New York: Teachers College Press, 1982.
56. Pedraza, P. "Language maintenance among New York Puerto Ricans." In Spanish Language Use and Public Life in the USA, edited by L. Elías-Olivares, E.A. Leone, R.Cisneros, and J.R.Gutiérrez. Berlin: Mouton, 1985.
57. Pérez, L. 1994. The household structure of second-generation children: An exploratory study of extended family arrangements. International Migration Review 28:736-47.
58. Pfaff, C.W. "Constraints on language-mixing: Intrasentential code-switching and borrowing in Spanish/English." In Spanish in the United States: Sociolinguistics Aspects, edited by J.Amastae and L.Elías-Olivares. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
59. Poplack, S. '"Sometimes I'll start a sentence in Spanish y termino en español": Toward a typology of code-switching.' In Spanish in the United States: Sociolinguistics Aspects, edited by J.Amastae and L.Elías-Olivares. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
60. Portes, A., and R.G.Rumbaut. Immigrant America: A Portrait. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1996.
61. Portes, A., and R.Schauffler. 1994. Language and the second generation: Bilingualism yesterday and today. International Migration Review 28:640-61.
62. Roca, A., and J.M.Lipski, eds. Spanish in the United States: Linguistic Contact and Diversity. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyuter, 1993.
63. Roca, A., and J.B.Jensen, eds. Spanish in Contact: Issues in Bilingualism. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Press, 1996.
64. Romaine, S. Bilingualism. Oxford: Blackwell, 1995.
65. Rumbaut, R.G. "Ties that bind: Immigration and immigration families in the United States." In International Migration and Family Change, edited by A.Booth, A.C.Crouter, and N.Landale. New York: Lawrence Earlbaum, 1997.
66. Sánchez, R. "Our linguistic and social context." In Spanish in the United States: Sociolinguistics Aspects, edited by J.Amastae and L.Elías-Olivares. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
67. Silva-Corvalán, C. "Algunos aspectos de la gramática de los niños bilingües de Los Angeles, Estados Unidos." In Bilingüismo y adquisición del español, edited by H.Urrutia Cárdenas and C.Silva-Corvalán. Bilbao, Spain: Instituto Horizonte, SL, 1992.
68. Silva-Corvalán, C. Language Contact and Change: Spanish in Los Angeles. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994.
69. Silva-Corvalán, C. Spanish in Four Continents: Studies in Language Contact and Bilingualism. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 1995.
70. Sobin, N. "On transference and inversion." In A Festschrift for Jacob Ornstein: Studies in General Linguistics and Sociolinguistics, edited by E.L.Blansitt, Jr., and R.V.Teschner. Rowley, MA: Newbury House, 1980.
71. Solé, C.A. "Language usage patterns among a young generation of Cuban-Americans." In A Festschrift for Jacob Ornstein: Studies in General Linguistics and Sociolinguistics, edited by E.L.Blansitt, Jr., and R.V. Teschner. Rowley, MA: Newbury House, 1980.
72. Solé, C.A. "Language loyalty and language attitudes among Cuban-Americans." In Bilingual Education for Hispanic Students in the United States, edited by J.A. Fishman and G.D.Keller. New York: Teachers College Press, 1982.
73. Solé, Y.R. "The Spanish/English contact situation in the Southwest." In A Festschrift for Jacob Ornstein: Studies in General Linguistics and Sociolinguistics, edited by E.L.Blansitt, Jr., and R.V.Teschner. Rowley, MA: Newbury House, 1980.
74. Solé, Y.R. "La difusión del español entre mexicano-americanos, puertorriqueños y cubanoamericanos en los Estados Unidos." In Language and language use: Studies in Spanish, edited by T.A.Morgan, J.F.Lee, and B.VanPatten. New York: University Press of America, 1987.
75. Solé, Y.R. 1990. Bilingualism: Stable or transitional? The case of Spanish in the United States. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 84:35-80.
76. Stone, G.B. "Language choice among Mexican-American high-school students in Saint Paul, Minnesota: Some preliminary findings." In Language and Language Use: Studies in Spanish, edited by T.A.Morgan, J.F.Lee, and B. VanPatten. New York: University Press of America, 1987.
77. U.S. Bureau of the Census. The Hispanic Population: Census 2000 Brief. Prepared by B. Guzmán for the U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census. Washington, DC, 2001. http://www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/c2kbr01-3.pdf.
78. U.S. Bureau of the Census. The Hispanic Population in the United States: March 2002. Prepared by R.R.Ramírez and G.P.de la Cruz for the U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census. Washington, DC, 2003. http://www.census.gov/prod/2003pubs/p20-545.pdf.
79. Valdés, G. "Social interaction and code-switching patterns: A case study of Spanish/English alternation." In Spanish in the United States: Sociolinguistics Aspects, edited by J.Amastae and L.Elías-Olivares. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
80. Veltman, C. Language Shift in the United States. Berlin: Mouton, 1983.
81. Veltman, C. 1988. Modeling the language shift process of Hispanic immigrants. International Migration Review 22:545-62.
82. Veltman, C. 1990. The status of the Spanish language in the United States at the beginning of the 21st century. International Migration Review 24:108-23.
83. Wald, B. 1987. Spanish-English grammatical contact in Los Angeles: The grammar of reported speech in the East Los Angeles English contact vernacular. Linguistics 25: 53-80.
84. Wolfram, W. Overlapping influence in the English of second generation Puerto Rican Teenagers in Harlem. Arlington, VA: Center for Applied Linguistics, 1971.
85. Zentella, A.C. 1982. Spanish and English in contact in the United States: The Puerto Rican experience. Word 33:41-57.
86. Zentella, A.C. "El impacto de la realidad socio-económica en las comunidades hispanoparlantes de los Estados Unidos: Reto a la teoría y metodología lingüística." In Spanish in the United States: Sociolinguistic Issues, edited by J.J.Bergen. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 1990a.
87. Zentella, A.C. 1990b. Lexical leveling in four New York City Spanish dialects: Linguistic and social factors. Hispania 73:1094-1105.
88. Zentella, A.C. 1990c. Returned migration, language, and identity: Puerto Rican bilinguals in dos worlds/two mundos. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 84:81-100.