메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 140, Issue 683, 2014, Pages 1889-1899

Evolution of ECMWF sub-seasonal forecast skill scores

Author keywords

MJO; NAO; Sub seasonal prediction

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; CLIMATE MODELS; CLIMATOLOGY;

EID: 84908886674     PISSN: 00359009     EISSN: 1477870X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/qj.2256     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (296)

References (66)
  • 1
    • 0035913971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratospheric harbingers of anomalous weather regimes
    • Baldwin MP, Dunkerton TJ. 2001. Stratospheric harbingers of anomalous weather regimes. Science 294: 581-584.
    • (2001) Science , vol.294 , pp. 581-584
    • Baldwin, M.P.1    Dunkerton, T.J.2
  • 3
    • 33645307951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of south Indian Ocean tropical cyclones by the Madden-Julian Oscillation and convectively coupled equatorial waves
    • Bessafi M, Wheeler MC. 2006. Modulation of south Indian Ocean tropical cyclones by the Madden-Julian Oscillation and convectively coupled equatorial waves. Mon. Weather Rev. 134: 638-656.
    • (2006) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.134 , pp. 638-656
    • Bessafi, M.1    Wheeler, M.C.2
  • 4
    • 0021641007 scopus 로고
    • The influence of the polar night jet on the tropospheric circulation in a GCM
    • Boville BA. 1984. The influence of the polar night jet on the tropospheric circulation in a GCM. J. Atmos. Sci. 41: 1132-1142.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 1132-1142
    • Boville, B.A.1
  • 6
    • 0032453445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of ensemble size on ensemble prediction
    • Buizza R, Palmer TN. 1998. Impact of ensemble size on ensemble prediction. Mon. Weather Rev. 126: 2508-2518.
    • (1998) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.126 , pp. 2508-2518
    • Buizza, R.1    Palmer, T.N.2
  • 7
    • 70350011436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of the MJO modulation of tropical cyclogenesis using an empirical index
    • Camargo SJ, Wheeler MC, Sobel AH. 2009. Diagnosis of the MJO modulation of tropical cyclogenesis using an empirical index. J. Atmos. Sci. 66: 3061-3074.
    • (2009) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.66 , pp. 3061-3074
    • Camargo, S.J.1    Wheeler, M.C.2    Sobel, A.H.3
  • 8
    • 52949106799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraseasonal interaction between the Madden-Julian Oscillation and the North Atlantic Oscillation
    • Cassou C. 2008. Intraseasonal interaction between the Madden-Julian Oscillation and the North Atlantic Oscillation. Nature 455: 523-527, doi: 10.1038/nature07286.
    • (2008) Nature , vol.455 , pp. 523-527
    • Cassou, C.1
  • 9
    • 0006930406 scopus 로고
    • The skill of extended-range extratropical winter dynamical forecasts
    • Déqué M, Royer JF. 1992. The skill of extended-range extratropical winter dynamical forecasts. J. Clim. 5: 1346-1356.
    • (1992) J. Clim. , vol.5 , pp. 1346-1356
    • Déqué, M.1    Royer, J.F.2
  • 10
    • 0000165587 scopus 로고
    • A scoring system for probability forecasts of ranked categories
    • Epstein ES. 1969. A scoring system for probability forecasts of ranked categories. J. Appl. Meteorol. 8: 985-987.
    • (1969) J. Appl. Meteorol. , vol.8 , pp. 985-987
    • Epstein, E.S.1
  • 12
    • 0035655283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The modulation of tropical cyclone activity in the Australian region by the Madden-Julian Oscillation
    • Hall JD, Matthews AJ, Karoli DJ. 2001. The modulation of tropical cyclone activity in the Australian region by the Madden-Julian Oscillation. Mon. Weather Rev. 129: 2970-2982.
    • (2001) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.129 , pp. 2970-2982
    • Hall, J.D.1    Matthews, A.J.2    Karoli, D.J.3
  • 13
    • 0025657432 scopus 로고
    • A composite study of onset of Australian summer monsoon
    • Hendon HH, Liebmann B. 1990. A composite study of onset of Australian summer monsoon. J. Atmos. Sci. 48: 2909-2923.
    • (1990) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.48 , pp. 2909-2923
    • Hendon, H.H.1    Liebmann, B.2
  • 14
    • 84884207358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding advances in the simulation of intraseasonal variability in the ECMWF model. Part I: The representation of the MJO
    • Hirons LC, Inness P, Vitart F, Bechtold P. 2013. Understanding advances in the simulation of intraseasonal variability in the ECMWF model. Part I: The representation of the MJO. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 139: 1417-1426.
    • (2013) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.139 , pp. 1417-1426
    • Hirons, L.C.1    Inness, P.2    Vitart, F.3    Bechtold, P.4
  • 15
    • 34548596641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation of tropical cyclone activity in the south Indian Ocean: El Niño-Southern Oscillation and Madden-Julian Oscillation effects
    • Ho C-H, Kim J-H, Jeong J-H, Kim H-S. 2006. Variation of tropical cyclone activity in the south Indian Ocean: El Niño-Southern Oscillation and Madden-Julian Oscillation effects. J. Geophys. Res. 111: D22101, doi: 10.1029/2006JD007289.
    • (2006) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.111 , pp. D22101
    • Ho, C.-H.1    Kim, J.-H.2    Jeong, J.-H.3    Kim, H.-S.4
  • 16
    • 0034819444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organisation of tropical convection in a GCM with varying vertical resolution; implications of the Madden-Julian Oscillation
    • Inness PM, Slingo JM, Woolnough SJ, Neale RB, Pope VD. 2001. Organisation of tropical convection in a GCM with varying vertical resolution; implications of the Madden-Julian Oscillation. Clim. Dyn. 17: 777-793.
    • (2001) Clim. Dyn. , vol.17 , pp. 777-793
    • Inness, P.M.1    Slingo, J.M.2    Woolnough, S.J.3    Neale, R.B.4    Pope, V.D.5
  • 17
    • 84875842504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of snow initialization on subseasonal forecasts of surface air temperature for the cold season
    • Woo S-H, Kim B-M, Kim S-J
    • Jeong J-H, Linderholm HW, Woo S-H, Folland CK, Kim B-M, Kim S-J, Chen D. 2012. Impacts of snow initialization on subseasonal forecasts of surface air temperature for the cold season. J. Clim. 26: 1956-1972, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00159.1.
    • (2012) J. Clim. , vol.26 , pp. 1956-1972
    • Jeong, J.-H.1    Linderholm, H.W.2    Folland, C.K.3    Chen, D.4
  • 18
    • 84867677435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of tropical cyclones over the eastern Pacific by the Intraseasonal Variability Simulated in an AGCM
    • Jiang X, Zhao M, Waliser DE. 2012. Modulation of tropical cyclones over the eastern Pacific by the Intraseasonal Variability Simulated in an AGCM. J. Clim. 25: 6524-6538.
    • (2012) J. Clim. , vol.25 , pp. 6524-6538
    • Jiang, X.1    Zhao, M.2    Waliser, D.E.3
  • 19
    • 79953859129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin and predictability of the extreme negative NAO winter of 2009/10
    • Jung T, Vitart F, Ferranti L, Morcrette J-J. 2011. Origin and predictability of the extreme negative NAO winter of 2009/10. Geophys. Res. Lett. 38: L07701, doi: 10.1029/2011GL046786.
    • (2011) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.38 , pp. L07701
    • Jung, T.1    Vitart, F.2    Ferranti, L.3    Morcrette, J.-J.4
  • 20
    • 0029478920 scopus 로고
    • Oceanic equatorial Kelvin waves and the 1991-1993 El-Nino
    • Kessler KS, McPhaden MJ. 1995. Oceanic equatorial Kelvin waves and the 1991-1993 El-Nino. J. Clim. 8: 1757-1774.
    • (1995) J. Clim. , vol.8 , pp. 1757-1774
    • Kessler, K.S.1    McPhaden, M.J.2
  • 23
    • 0000091705 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between tropical cyclones of the western Pacific and Indian Oceans and the Madden-Julian Oscillation
    • Liebmann B, Hendon HH, Glick JD. 1994. The relationship between tropical cyclones of the western Pacific and Indian Oceans and the Madden-Julian Oscillation. J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. 72: 401-411.
    • (1994) J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. , vol.72 , pp. 401-411
    • Liebmann, B.1    Hendon, H.H.2    Glick, J.D.3
  • 24
    • 64049103481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An observed connection between the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Madden-Julian Oscillation
    • Lin H, Brunet G, Derome J. 2004. An observed connection between the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Madden-Julian Oscillation. J. Clim. 22: 364-380.
    • (2004) J. Clim. , vol.22 , pp. 364-380
    • Lin, H.1    Brunet, G.2    Derome, J.3
  • 25
    • 57149146470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forecast skill of the Madden-Julian Oscillation in two Canadian atmospheric models
    • Lin H, Brunet G, Derome J. 2008. Forecast skill of the Madden-Julian Oscillation in two Canadian atmospheric models. Mon. Weather Rev. 136: 4130-4149.
    • (2008) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.136 , pp. 4130-4149
    • Lin, H.1    Brunet, G.2    Derome, J.3
  • 26
    • 0000462522 scopus 로고
    • Detection of a 40-50 day oscillation in the zonal wind in the tropical Pacific
    • Madden RA, Julian PR. 1971. Detection of a 40-50 day oscillation in the zonal wind in the tropical Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci. 5: 702-708.
    • (1971) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.5 , pp. 702-708
    • Madden, R.A.1    Julian, P.R.2
  • 27
    • 0034123714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of eastern North Pacific hurricanes by the Madden-Julian Oscillation
    • Maloney ED, Hartmann DL. 2000a. Modulation of eastern North Pacific hurricanes by the Madden-Julian Oscillation. J. Clim. 13: 1451-1460.
    • (2000) J. Clim. , vol.13 , pp. 1451-1460
    • Maloney, E.D.1    Hartmann, D.L.2
  • 28
    • 0034677887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of hurricane activity in the Gulf of Mexico by the Madden-Julian Oscillation
    • Maloney ED, Hartmann DL. 2000b. Modulation of hurricane activity in the Gulf of Mexico by the Madden-Julian Oscillation. Science 287: 2002-2004.
    • (2000) Science , vol.287 , pp. 2002-2004
    • Maloney, E.D.1    Hartmann, D.L.2
  • 30
    • 0022842567 scopus 로고
    • One month forecast experiments without anomaly boundary forcings
    • Miyakoda K, Sirutis J, Ploshay J. 1986. One month forecast experiments without anomaly boundary forcings. Mon. Weather Rev. 114: 2363-2401.
    • (1986) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.114 , pp. 2363-2401
    • Miyakoda, K.1    Sirutis, J.2    Ploshay, J.3
  • 31
    • 7044245952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential vorticity, easterly waves and eastern Pacific tropical cyclogenesis
    • Molinari J, Knight S, Dickinson M, Vollaro D, Skubis S. 1997. Potential vorticity, easterly waves and eastern Pacific tropical cyclogenesis. Mon. Weather Rev. 125: 2699-2708.
    • (1997) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.125 , pp. 2699-2708
    • Molinari, J.1    Knight, S.2    Dickinson, M.3    Vollaro, D.4    Skubis, S.5
  • 34
    • 20544460690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A debiased ranked probability skill score to evaluate probabilistic ensemble forecasts with small ensemble sizes
    • Doblas-
    • Muller WA, Appenzeller C, Doblas-Reyes FJ, Liniger MA. 2005. A debiased ranked probability skill score to evaluate probabilistic ensemble forecasts with small ensemble sizes. J. Clim. 18: 1513-1523.
    • (2005) J. Clim. , vol.18 , pp. 1513-1523
    • Muller, W.A.1    Appenzeller, C.2    Reyes, F.J.3    Liniger, M.A.4
  • 35
    • 0000976206 scopus 로고
    • Cloudiness fluctuations during the summer monsoon
    • Murakami T. 1976. Cloudiness fluctuations during the summer monsoon. J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. 54: 175-181.
    • (1976) J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. , vol.54 , pp. 175-181
    • Murakami, T.1
  • 36
    • 0006700185 scopus 로고
    • On the ranked probability skill score
    • Murphy AH. 1969. On the ranked probability skill score. J. Appl. Meteorol. 8: 988-989.
    • (1969) J. Appl. Meteorol. , vol.8 , pp. 988-989
    • Murphy, A.H.1
  • 37
    • 0000904064 scopus 로고
    • A note on the ranked probability skill score
    • Murphy AH. 1971. A note on the ranked probability skill score. J. Appl. Meteorol. 10: 155-156.
    • (1971) J. Appl. Meteorol. , vol.10 , pp. 155-156
    • Murphy, A.H.1
  • 38
    • 0002989319 scopus 로고
    • Tropical super clusters within intraseasonal variations over the western Pacific
    • Nakazawa T. 1988. Tropical super clusters within intraseasonal variations over the western Pacific. J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. 64: 17-34.
    • (1988) J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. , vol.64 , pp. 17-34
    • Nakazawa, T.1
  • 39
    • 84908890090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committee on Assessment of Intraseasonal to Interannual Climate Prediction and Predictability. National Research Council, The National Academies Press: Washington, DC.
    • National Academy of Science. 2010. Assessment of Intraseasonal and Interannual Climate Prediction and Variability. Committee on Assessment of Intraseasonal to Interannual Climate Prediction and Predictability. National Research Council, The National Academies Press: Washington, DC.
    • (2010) Assessment of Intraseasonal and Interannual Climate Prediction and Variability
  • 40
    • 0347076459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of northern hemisphere surface climate to simulation of the stratospheric polar vortex
    • Norton WA. 2003. Sensitivity of northern hemisphere surface climate to simulation of the stratospheric polar vortex. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30: 1627, doi: 10.1029/2003GL016958.
    • (2003) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.30 , pp. 1627
    • Norton, W.A.1
  • 41
    • 0001521040 scopus 로고
    • The impact of El Niño on an ensemble of extended-range forecasts
    • Owen JA, Palmer TN. 1987. The impact of El Niño on an ensemble of extended-range forecasts. Mon. Weather Rev. 115: 2103-2117.
    • (1987) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.115 , pp. 2103-2117
    • Owen, J.A.1    Palmer, T.N.2
  • 42
    • 0025621966 scopus 로고
    • Extended-range predictions with ECMWF models. I: Interannual variability in operational model integrations
    • Palmer TN, Brankovic C, Molteni F, Tibaldi S. 1990. Extended-range predictions with ECMWF models. I: Interannual variability in operational model integrations. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 116: 799-834.
    • (1990) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.116 , pp. 799-834
    • Palmer, T.N.1    Brankovic, C.2    Molteni, F.3    Tibaldi, S.4
  • 43
    • 79551604637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of the Madden-Julian Oscillation with the POAMA dynamical prediction system
    • Rashid H, Hendon HH, Wheeler MC, Alves O. 2009. Prediction of the Madden-Julian Oscillation with the POAMA dynamical prediction system. Clim. Dyn. 36: 649-661.
    • (2009) Clim. Dyn. , vol.36 , pp. 649-661
    • Rashid, H.1    Hendon, H.H.2    Wheeler, M.C.3    Alves, O.4
  • 44
    • 27744570977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A stratospheric influence on the winter NAO and North Atlantic surface climate
    • Scaife AA, Knight JR, Vallis GK, Folland CK. 2005. A stratospheric influence on the winter NAO and North Atlantic surface climate. Geophys. Res. Lett. 32: L18715, doi: 10.1029/2005GL023226.
    • (2005) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.32 , pp. L18715
    • Scaife, A.A.1    Knight, J.R.2    Vallis, G.K.3    Folland, C.K.4
  • 45
    • 0036129946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some aspects of the improvement of skill of weather numerical prediction
    • Simmons AJ, Hollingworth A. 2002. Some aspects of the improvement of skill of weather numerical prediction. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 128: 647-677.
    • (2002) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.128 , pp. 647-677
    • Simmons, A.J.1    Hollingworth, A.2
  • 46
    • 44449106541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ERA-Interim: New ECMWF reanalysis products from 1989 onwards
    • Simmons AJ, Uppala S, Dee DP, Kobayashi S. 2007. 'ERA-Interim: New ECMWF reanalysis products from 1989 onwards'. ECMWF Newslett. 110: 25-35.
    • (2007) ECMWF Newslett. , vol.110 , pp. 25-35
    • Simmons, A.J.1    Uppala, S.2    Dee, D.P.3    Kobayashi, S.4
  • 47
    • 84908886225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ice Supersaturation in the ECMWF Integrated Forecast System
    • ECMWF: Reading, UK.
    • Tompkins AM, Gierens K, Radel G. 2005. Ice Supersaturation in the ECMWF Integrated Forecast System. Technical Memorandum 481. ECMWF: Reading, UK.
    • (2005) Technical Memorandum , vol.481
    • Tompkins, A.M.1    Gierens, K.2    Radel, G.3
  • 48
    • 0024913398 scopus 로고
    • Dynamical Extended Range Forecast (DERF) at the National Meteorological Center
    • Tracton MS, Mo K, Chen W, Kalnay E, Kistler R, White G. 1989. Dynamical Extended Range Forecast (DERF) at the National Meteorological Center. Mon. Weather Rev. 117: 1604-1635.
    • (1989) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.117 , pp. 1604-1635
    • Tracton, M.S.1    Mo, K.2    Chen, W.3    Kalnay, E.4    Kistler, R.5    White, G.6
  • 49
    • 11844252098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monthly forecasting at ECMWF
    • Vitart F. 2004. Monthly forecasting at ECMWF. Mon. Weather Rev. 132: 2761-2779.
    • (2004) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.132 , pp. 2761-2779
    • Vitart, F.1
  • 50
    • 70350026282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of the Madden-Julian Oscillation on tropical storms and risk of landfall in the ECMWF forecast system
    • Vitart F. 2009. Impact of the Madden-Julian Oscillation on tropical storms and risk of landfall in the ECMWF forecast system. Geophys. Res. Lett. 36: 5802, doi: 10.1029/2009GL039089.
    • (2009) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.36 , pp. 5802
    • Vitart, F.1
  • 51
    • 77954491947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation of the MJO and its teleconnections in the ECMWF forecast system
    • Vitart F, Molteni F. 2010. Simulation of the MJO and its teleconnections in the ECMWF forecast system. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 136: 842-855.
    • (2010) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.136 , pp. 842-855
    • Vitart, F.1    Molteni, F.2
  • 52
    • 0030801894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation of interannual variability of tropical storm frequency in an ensemble of GCM integrations
    • Vitart F, Anderson JL, Stern WF. 1997. Simulation of interannual variability of tropical storm frequency in an ensemble of GCM integrations. J. Clim. 10: 745-760.
    • (1997) J. Clim. , vol.10 , pp. 745-760
    • Vitart, F.1    Anderson, J.L.2    Stern, W.F.3
  • 53
    • 0345415553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Westerly wind events and the 1997/98 El-Nino event in the ECMWF seasonal forecasting system
    • Vitart F, Balmaseda MA, Ferranti L, Anderson DL. 2003. Westerly wind events and the 1997/98 El-Nino event in the ECMWF seasonal forecasting system. J. Clim. 16: 3153-3170.
    • (2003) J. Clim. , vol.16 , pp. 3153-3170
    • Vitart, F.1    Balmaseda, M.A.2    Ferranti, L.3    Anderson, D.L.4
  • 54
    • 33947264414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monthly forecast of the Madden-Julian Oscillation using a coupled GCM
    • Vitart F, Woolnough S, Balmaseda MA, Tompkins A. 2007. Monthly forecast of the Madden-Julian Oscillation using a coupled GCM. Mon. Weather Rev. 135: 2700-2715.
    • (2007) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.135 , pp. 2700-2715
    • Vitart, F.1    Woolnough, S.2    Balmaseda, M.A.3    Tompkins, A.4
  • 57
    • 84898928339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subseasonal to seasonal prediction project, 2012: Bridging the gap between weather and climate
    • Vitart F, Robertson AW, Anderson DLT. 2012b. Subseasonal to seasonal prediction project, 2012: Bridging the gap between weather and climate. WMO Bull. 61: 23-28.
    • (2012) WMO Bull. , vol.61 , pp. 23-28
    • Vitart, F.1    Robertson, A.W.2    Anderson, D.L.T.3
  • 58
    • 84926968677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictability of the tropical intraseasonal variability
    • Palmer TN, Hagedorn R (eds). Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK.
    • Waliser DE. 2006. Predictability of the tropical intraseasonal variability. In Predictability of Weather and Climate, Palmer TN, Hagedorn R (eds). 275-305. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK.
    • (2006) Predictability of Weather and Climate , pp. 275-305
    • Waliser, D.E.1
  • 59
    • 85026707001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictability and forecasting
    • (2nd edn), Lau WKM, Waliser DE (eds). Springer: Heidelberg, Germany.
    • Waliser DE. 2011. Predictability and forecasting. In Intraseasonal Variability of the Atmosphere-Ocean Climate System (2nd edn), Lau WKM, Waliser DE (eds). 433-468. Springer: Heidelberg, Germany.
    • (2011) Intraseasonal Variability of the Atmosphere-Ocean Climate System , pp. 433-468
    • Waliser, D.E.1
  • 60
    • 79960213626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Representation of MJO variability in the NCEP Climate Forecast System
    • Weaver SJ, Wang W, Chen M, Kumar A. 2011. Representation of MJO variability in the NCEP Climate Forecast System. J. Clim. 24: 4676-4694.
    • (2011) J. Clim. , vol.24 , pp. 4676-4694
    • Weaver, S.J.1    Wang, W.2    Chen, M.3    Kumar, A.4
  • 61
    • 33846673525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The discrete Brier and ranked probability skill scores
    • Weigel AP, Liniger MA, Appenzeller C. 2007. The discrete Brier and ranked probability skill scores. Mon. Weather Rev. 135: 118-124.
    • (2007) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.135 , pp. 118-124
    • Weigel, A.P.1    Liniger, M.A.2    Appenzeller, C.3
  • 63
    • 2942673326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An all-season real-time multivariate MJO index: Development of an index for monitoring and prediction
    • Wheeler MC, Hendon HH. 2004. An all-season real-time multivariate MJO index: Development of an index for monitoring and prediction. Mon. Weather Rev. 132: 1917-1932.
    • (2004) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.132 , pp. 1917-1932
    • Wheeler, M.C.1    Hendon, H.H.2
  • 64
    • 36248953383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical Methods in Atmospheric Sciences
    • Academic Press: San Diego, CA.
    • Wilks DS. 2006. Statistical Methods in Atmospheric Sciences. International Geophysics Series 91. Academic Press: San Diego, CA.
    • (2006) International Geophysics Series , vol.91
    • Wilks, D.S.1
  • 66
    • 0000419196 scopus 로고
    • Cloudiness fluctuations associated with the Northern Hemisphere summer monsoon
    • Yasunari T. 1979. Cloudiness fluctuations associated with the Northern Hemisphere summer monsoon. J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. 58: 225-229.
    • (1979) J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. , vol.58 , pp. 225-229
    • Yasunari, T.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.