Resting in Peace? Regulating the Geological Storage of Radioactive Waste and Carbon Dioxide: Swedish and European Perspectives

Risk, Hazards and Crisis in Public Policy

Volumn 1, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 111-137

  Langlet, David ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG   (Sweden)

Author keywords

carbon capture and storage; CCS; cost responsibility; EU law; international law; nuclear waste; polluter pays principle; siting; Swedish law

Indexed keywords

EID: 84908511025     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19444079     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2202/1944-4079.1038     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Books, articles, reports.
2. Ansolabehere, Stephen 2007. “The Future of Coal: Options for a Carbon-constrained World”. An Interdisciplinary MIT study, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
3. Betalningsansvaret för kärnavfallet, SOU 2004: 125 [Economic Responsibility for Nuclear Waste, Government Official Reports, 2004:125].
4. Cramér, Per, et al. 2009. Nationellt ansvar för använt kärnbränsle. Stockholm: Santérus Academic Press.
5. 2 Storage—Overview of Mechanisms and Current Knowledge. Climatic Change 74: 289–318.
6. EU Commission. 2003. “Proposal for a Council (Euratom) Directive Setting Out Basic Obligations and General Principles on the Safety of Nuclear Installations and Proposal for a Council Directive (Euratom) on the Management of Spent Nuclear Fuel and Radioactive Waste.” 30.1.2003, COM(2003) 32 final.
7. EU Commission. 2004. “Amended Proposal for a Council Directive (Euratom) on the Safe Management of the Spent Nuclear Fuel and Radioactive Waste.” 8.9.2004, COM(2004)526 final.
8. EU Commission. 2008a. “Sixth Situation Report on Radioactive Waste and Spent Fuel Management in the European Union.” Brussels, 8.9.2008, COM(2008)542 final.
9. EU Commission. 2008b. “Proposal for a Directive on the Geological Storage of Carbon Dioxide and Amending Council Directives 85/337/EEC, 96/61/EC, Directives 2000/60/EC, 2001/80/EC, 2004/35/EC, 2006/12/EC and Regulation (EC) No 1013/2006.” Brussels, 23.1.2008, COM(2008) 18 final.
10. Fahey, James, and Rosemary Lyster 2007. “Geosequestration in Australia: Existing and Proposed Regulatory Mechanisms. Journal for European Environmental and Planning Law 4 (5): 378–392.
11. Government Bill 2005/06:183. Finansieringen av kärnavfallets slutförvaring [Financing the Final Disposal of Nuclear Waste].
12. Government Bill 2008/09:163. En sammanhållen klimat- och energipolitik—Energi [A Coherent Climate and Energy Policy—Energy].
13. Government Bill 2009/10:172. Kärnkraften—förutsättningar för generationsskifte [Nuclear Power—Conditions for Generational Shift].
14. Hallenstvedt, Nina K. 2009. “Current CCS Regulation in Norway.” http:www.ucl.ac.ukcclppdfCCS_in_Norway_April2008.pdf (accessed November, 25, 2009).
15. IAEA. 1995. The Principles of Radioactive Waste Management, Safety Series No. 111-F. International Atomic Energy Agency. Vienna.
16. IAEA, Nuclear Technology Review 2009, Report by the Director General, 31 July 2009, GC(53)/INF/3.
17. KASAM. 2007. “Final Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel.” Swedish National Council for Nuclear Waste (KASAM) Report 2007:1e, Report from a seminar on November 15, 2006.
18. Kiss, Alexandre 2007. “State Responsibility and Liability for Nuclear Damage”. In Updating International Nuclear Law, eds. H. Stockinger, et al. Berlin: Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, 61–74.
19. Langlet, David 2009a. “Safe Return to the Underground? The Role of International Law in Subsurface Storage of Carbon Dioxide. Review of European Community and International Environmental Law 18 (3): 286–303.
20. Langlet, David 2009b. Prior Informed Consent and Hazardous Trade: Regulating Trade in Hazardous Goods at the Intersection of Sovereignty, Free Trade and Environmental Protection. Second Edition. Alphen aan den Rijn: Kluwer Law International.
21. London Convention. 2007. “Report of the Twenty-ninth Consultative Meeting and the Second Meeting of the Contracting Parties” (December 14, 2007), LC 29/17, Annex 4.
22. McKinsey & Company. 2008. “Carbon Capture and Storage: Assessing the Economics.” http:www.mckinsey.comclientserviceccsipdfCCS_Assessing_theEconomics.pdf (accessed April 16, 2008).
23. Ministry of the Environment. 2008. “Sweden's Third National Report under the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management: Swedish implementation of the obligations of the Joint Convention.” Ds 2008: 73.
24. Norwegian Pollution Control Authority. 2009. “National Inventory Report 2009 Norway” (TA-2507/2009, April 15, 2009). http:unfccc.intnational_reportsannex_i_ghg_inventoriesnational_inventories_submissionsitems4771.php (accessed November 25, 2009).
25. Riley, Peter 2004. Nuclear Waste: Law, Policy and Pragmatism. Aldershot: Ashgate.
26. De Sadeleer, Nicolas 2002. Environmental Principles: from Political Slogans to Legal Rules. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press.
27. Sands, Philippe 2003. Principles of International Environmental Law. Second Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
28. SKB. 2009. “Our Method of Final Disposal.” http:www.skb.seTemplatesStandard____24109.aspx (accessed November 20, 2009).
29. Statens Energimyndighet. 2009. “Energiindikatorer 2009.” ET 2009:15 [Swedish Energy Agency, Energy indicators 2009].
30. The Swedish National Council for Nuclear Waste. 2009. “Final Disposal of Nuclear Waste.” SOU 2008:70.
31. Veuchelen, Ludo 2009. “The Legal Value of General Principles, Technical Norms and Standards in European Nuclear Safety Law: The Imbalance between Soft and Hard Law and the Need for Global Regulatory Governance. European Energy and Environmental Law Review (18): 215–228.
32. Wilson, E.J., et al. 2007. “Research for deployment: incorporating risk, regulation, and liability for carbon capture and sequestration”, Environmental Science & Technology 41 (17): 5945–5952.
33. Conventions.
34. Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR Convention) (Paris, September 22 1992).
35. Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management (Vienna, September 5 1997).
36. Protocol to the Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter (London, November 7 1996, “London Protocol”).
37. EU legal acts.
38. Council Directive 85/337/EEC of June 27, 1985 on the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment, [1985] OJ L 175/40.
39. Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of October 13, 2003 establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community and amending Council Directive 96/61/EC, [2003] OJ L 275/32.
40. Directive 2004/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of April 21, 2004 on environmental liability with regard to the prevention and remedying of environmental damage, [2004] OJ L 143/56.
41. Directive 2006/12/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of April 5, 2006 on waste, [2006] OJ L 114/9.
42. Directive 2008/1/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of January 15, 2008 concerning integrated pollution prevention and control, [2008] OJ L 24/8.
43. Directive 2009/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of April 23, 2009 amending Directive 2003/87/EC so as to improve and extend the greenhouse gas emission allowance trading scheme of the Community, [2009] OJ L 140/63.
44. Directive 2009/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of April 23, 2009 on the geological storage of carbon dioxide and amending Council Directive 85/337/EEC, European Parliament and Council Directives 2000/60/EC, 2001/80/EC, 2004/35/EC, 2006/12/EC, 2008/1/EC and Regulation (EC) No 1013/2006, [2009] OJ L 140/114.
45. Swedish legal acts.
46. Act (1981:669) on Financing Future Costs for Spent Nuclear Fuel etc. [Lag om finansiering av framtida utgifter för använt kärnbränsle m.m.].
47. Act (1988:220) on Radiation Protection [Strålskyddslag].
48. Act (1984:3) on Nucelar Activities [Lag om kärnteknisk verksamhet]. Environmental Code (1998:808) [Miljöbalk].
49. Act (2006:647) on Financing of Management of Residual Products from Nuclear Activities [Lag om finansiella åtgärder för hanteringen av restprodukter från kärnteknisk verksamhet].
50. Ordinance (2008:715) on Financing of Management of Residual Products from Nuclear Activities [Förordning om finansiella åtgärder för hanteringen av restprodukter från kärnteknisk verksamhet].