A Hague Convention on contract pregnancy (or "surrogacy"): Avoiding ethical inconsistencies with the convention on adoption

International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics

Volumn 7, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 219-235

  McLeod, Carolyn ^a   Botterell, Andrew ^b  

^a Department of Philosophy ^*  (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84908491393     PISSN: 19374585     EISSN: 19374577     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3138/ijfab.7.2.0219     Document Type: Review

References (35)

1. Baker, Hannah. 2013. "A Possible Future Instrument on International Surrogacy Arrangements: Are There 'Lessons' to be Learnt from the 1993 Hague Intercountry Adoption Convention?" In International Surrogacy Arrangements: Legal Regulation at the International Level, ed. Katarina Trimmings and Paul Beaumont, 411-26. Oxford, UK: Hart.
2. Bartholet, Elizabeth. 2013. "The Hague Convention: Pros, Cons and Potential." Unpublished manuscript. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract-id=2279583.
3. -. Forthcoming. "Intergenerational Justice for Children: Restructuring Adoption, Reproduction, and Child Welfare Policy." Journal of Law & Ethics of Human Rights. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract-id=2282012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2282012.
4. Baylis, Françoise. 2014. "Transnational Commercial Contract Pregnancy in India." In Family-Making: Contemporary Ethical Challenges, ed. Françoise Baylis and Carolyn McLeod, 265-86. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
5. Baylis, Françoise, and Carolyn McLeod. 2007. "The Stem Cell Debate Continues: The Buying and Selling of Eggs for Research." Journal of Medical Ethics 33 (12): 726-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.2007.022129. Medline:18055905
6. Bayne, Tim, and Avery Kolers. 2003. "Parenthood and Procreation." Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2003/entries/parenthood/.
7. Blake, Lucy, Martin Richards, and Susan Golombok. 2014. "The Families of Assisted Reproduction and Adoption." In Family-Making: Contemporary Ethical Challenges, ed. Françoise Baylis and Carolyn McLeod, 64-85. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
8. Botterell, Andrew, and Carolyn McLeod. n.d.-a. "Can a Right to Reproduce Justify the Status Quo on Parental Licensing?" In Permissible Progeny, ed. Richard Vernon, Sarah Hannan, and Samantha Brennan. New York: Oxford University Press.
9. -. n.d.-b. "Licensing Parents in International Contract Pregnancies." Journal of Applied Philosophy, special issue on global surrogacy, ed. Vida Panitch and Christine Straehle.
10. Brighouse, Harry, and Adam Swift. 2006. "Parents' Rights and the Value of the Family." Ethics 117 (1): 80-108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/508034.
11. Busby, Karen, and Delaney Vun. 2010. "Revisiting the Handmaid's Tale: Feminist Theory Meets Empirical Research on Surrogate Mothers." Canadian Journal of Family Law 26 (1): 13-93.
12. Frankfurt, Harry. 1988. The Importance of What We Care About: Philosophical Essays. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780 511818172.
13. Friedrich, Daniel. 2013. "A Duty to Adopt?" Journal of Applied Philosophy 30 (1): 25-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/japp.12003.
14. Gamble, Natalie. 2012. "Surrogacy: Creating a Sensible National and International Legal Framework." International Family Law, September, 308-11.
15. Gheaus, Anca. 2012. "The Right to Parent One's Biological Baby." Journal of Political Philosophy 20 (4): 432-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9760.2011.00402.x
16. Hague Conference on Private International Law. 1993. "Convention on Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption." http://www.hcch.net/index-en.php?act=conventions.text&cid=69.
17. Levy, Neil, and Mianna Lotz. 2005. "Reproductive Cloning and a (Kind of) Genetic Fallacy." Bioethics 19 (3): 232-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8519.2005.00439.x. Medline:16167403
18. McLeod, Carolyn. 2007. "For Dignity or Money: Feminists on the Commodification of Women's Reproductive Labour." In The Oxford Handbook of Bioethics, ed. Bonnie Steinbock, 258-81. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
19. McLeod, Carolyn, and Andrew Botterell. 2014. "'Not for the Faint of Heart': Accessing the Status Quo on Adoption and Parental Licensing." In Family-Making: Contemporary Ethical Challenges, ed. Françoise Baylis and Carolyn McLeod, 151-67. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
20. Okin, Susan M. 1990. "A Critique of Pregnancy Contracts: Comments on Articles by Hill, Merrick, Shevory, and Woliver." Politics and the Life Sciences 8 (2): 205-10. Medline:11650312
21. Overall, Christine. 2014. "What Is the Value of Procreation?" In Family-Making: Contemporary Ethical Challenges, ed. Françoise Baylis and Carolyn McLeod, 89-108. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
22. Palacios, Jesús, and David M. Brodzinsky. 2010. "Review: Adoption Research: Trends, Topics, Outcomes." International Journal of Behavioral Development 34 (3): 270-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025410362837
23. Pande, Amrita. 2010. "Commercial Surrogacy in India: Manufacturing a Perfect Mother- Worker." Signs 35 (4): 969-92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/651043
24. Panitch, Vida. 2013. "Global Surrogacy: Exploitation to Empowerment." Journal of Global Ethics 9 (3): 329-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17449626.2013.818390
25. Permanent Bureau, Hague Conference on Private International Law. 2012. A Preliminary Report on the Issues Arising from International Surrogacy Arrangements. http://www.hcch.net/upload/wop/gap2012pd10en.pdf.
26. Re X & Y (Foreign Surrogacy) [2009] Fam 71.
27. Rulli, Tina. 2014. "The Unique Value of Adoption." In Family-Making: Contemporary Ethical Challenges, ed. Françoise Baylis and Carolyn McLeod, 109-28. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
28. -. n.d. "Preferring a Genetically-Related Child." Unpublished manuscript.
29. Satz, Debra. 1992. "Markets in Women's Reproductive Labor." Philosophy & Public Affairs 21 (2): 107-31. Medline:11651241
30. Save the Children. 2009. Keeping Children Out of Harmful Institutions: Why We Should Be Investing in Family-Based Care. http://www.savethechildren.org.uk/sites/default/ files/docs/Keeping-Children-Out-of-Harmful-Institutions-Final-20.11.09-1.pdf.
31. Secretary-General. 2006. Report of the Independent Expert for the United Nations Study on Violence against Children. Delivered to the General Assembly, August 29. UN Doc A/61/299. http://www.unicef.org/violencestudy/reports/SG-violencestudy-en.pdf.
32. Shalev, Carmel. 1989. Birth Power: The Case for Surrogacy. New Haven: Yale University Press.
33. Shultz, Marjorie M. 1990. "Reproductive Technology and Intent-Based Parenthood: An Opportunity for Gender Neutrality." Wisconsin Law Review 1990 (2): 297-398. Medline:11652059
34. Trimmings, Katarina, and Paul Beaumont. 2011. "International Surrogacy Arrangements: An Urgent Need for Legal Regulation at the International Level." Journal of Private International Law 7 (3): 627-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/jpil.v7n3.627
35. van Ijzendoorn, Marinus H., and Femmie Juffer. 2006. "The Emanuel Miller Memorial Lecture 2006: Adoption as Intervention. Meta-analytic Evidence for Massive Catch- Up and Plasticity in Physical, Socio-emotional, and Cognitive Development." Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines 47 (12): 1228-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01675.x. Medline:17176378