메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 14, Issue 20, 2014, Pages 11221-11246

Aerosol microphysics simulations of the Mt.∼Pinatubo eruption with the UM-UKCA composition-climate model

(18)  Dhomse, S S a   Emmerson, K M b   Mann, G W a,c   Bellouin, N d   Carslaw, K S a   Chipperfield, M P a   Hommel, R e,j   Abraham, N L c,e   Telford, P c,e   Braesicke, P c,e,k   Dalvi, M c,f   Johnson, C E f   O'Connor, F f   Morgenstern, O g   Pyle, J A c,e   Deshler, T h   Zawodny, J M i   Thomason, L W i  


Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AEROSOL COMPOSITION; AEROSOL FORMATION; AEROSOL PROPERTY; CLIMATE MODELING; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS; OPTICAL DEPTH; STRATOSPHERE; TROPOPAUSE; VOLCANIC ERUPTION;

EID: 84908346820     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-14-11221-2014     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (62)

References (111)
  • 1
    • 0000281058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A time-averaged inventory of subaerialvolcanic sulfur emissions
    • Andres, R. and Kasgnoc, A.: A time-averaged inventory of subaerialvolcanic sulfur emissions, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 103, 25251-25261, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. , vol.103 , pp. 25251-25261
    • Andres, R.1    Kasgnoc, A.2
  • 2
    • 84859448575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersion of the volcanic sulfate cloud from a MountPinatubo-like eruption
    • Aquila, V., Oman, L. D., Stolarski, R. S., Colarco, P. R., and Newman,P. A.: Dispersion of the volcanic sulfate cloud from a MountPinatubo-like eruption, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 117, D06216,doi:10.1029/2011JD016968, 2012.
    • (2012) J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. , vol.117 , pp. D06216
    • Aquila, V.1    Oman, L.D.2    Stolarski, R.S.3    Colarco, P.R.4    Newman, P.A.5
  • 4
    • 0011339264 scopus 로고
    • Measurements of the heightvariation of sulfuric acid vapor concentrations in the stratosphere
    • Arnold, F., Fabian, R., and Joos, W.: Measurements of the heightvariation of sulfuric acid vapor concentrations in the stratosphere,Geophys. Res. Lett., 8, 293-296, 1981.
    • (1981) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.8 , pp. 293-296
    • Arnold, F.1    Fabian, R.2    Joos, W.3
  • 5
    • 0028557682 scopus 로고
    • New application of the operationalsounder HIRS in determining a climatology of sulphuric acidaerosol from the Pinatubo eruption
    • Baran, A. J. and Foot, J. S.: New application of the operationalsounder HIRS in determining a climatology of sulphuric acidaerosol from the Pinatubo eruption, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 99,25673-25679, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. , vol.99 , pp. 25673-25679
    • Baran, A.J.1    Foot, J.S.2
  • 6
    • 0027844523 scopus 로고
    • Satellite detection ofvolcanic sulfuric-acid aerosol
    • Baran, A. J., Foot, J. S., and Dibben, P. C.: Satellite detection ofvolcanic sulfuric-acid aerosol, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1799-1801, 1993.
    • (1993) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.20 , pp. 1799-1801
    • Baran, A.J.1    Foot, J.S.2    Dibben, P.C.3
  • 7
    • 0742287631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Stratosphericaerosol Climatology from SAGE II and CLAES Measurements: 2. Results and Comparisons 1984-1999
    • Bauman, J., Russell, P., Geller, M., and Hamill, P.: A stratosphericaerosol climatology from SAGE II and CLAES measurements:2. Results and comparisons, 1984-1999, J. Geophys. Res., 108,D134383, doi:10.1029/2002JD002993, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , pp. D134383
    • Bauman, J.1    Russell, P.2    Geller, M.3    Hamill, P.4
  • 8
    • 84984513797 scopus 로고
    • Oxidation of volcanic SO2: A sink for stratospheric OHand H2O
    • Bekki, S.: Oxidation of volcanic SO2: a sink for stratospheric OHand H2O, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 913-916, 1995.
    • (1995) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.22 , pp. 913-916
    • Bekki, S.1
  • 9
    • 0027061062 scopus 로고
    • Two dimensional assessment of the impactof aircraft sulphur emissions on the stratospheric sulphate aerosollayer
    • Bekki, S. and Pyle, J.: Two dimensional assessment of the impactof aircraft sulphur emissions on the stratospheric sulphate aerosollayer, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 97, 15839-15847, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. , vol.97 , pp. 15839-15847
    • Bekki, S.1    Pyle, J.2
  • 10
    • 0028583540 scopus 로고
    • A two-dimensional modeling study of thevolcanic eruption of Mount Pinatubo
    • Bekki, S. and Pyle, J.: A two-dimensional modeling study of thevolcanic eruption of Mount Pinatubo, J. Geophys. Res.: Atmospheres(1984-2012), 99, 18861-18869, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res.: Atmospheres (1984-2012) , vol.99 , pp. 18861-18869
    • Bekki, S.1    Pyle, J.2
  • 11
    • 0142203073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Models-3 Community MultiscaleAir Quality (CMAQ) model aerosol component 1.Model description
    • Binkowski, F. S. and Roselle, S. J.: Models-3 Community MultiscaleAir Quality (CMAQ) model aerosol component 1.Model description, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108, D64183,doi:10.1029/2001JD001409, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. , vol.108 , pp. D64183
    • Binkowski, F.S.1    Roselle, S.J.2
  • 13
    • 0031428940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratosphericloading of sulfur from explosive volcanic eruptions
    • Bluth, G. J. S., Rose, W. I., Sprod, I. E., and Krueger, A. J.: Stratosphericloading of sulfur from explosive volcanic eruptions, Journalof Geology, 105, 671-683, 1997.
    • (1997) Journalof Geology , vol.105 , pp. 671-683
    • Bluth, G.J.S.1    Rose, W.I.2    Sprod, I.E.3    Krueger, A.J.4
  • 15
    • 84886655385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • StratosphericSO2 and sulphate aerosol, model simulations and satellite observations
    • Brühl, C., Lelieveld, J., Höpfner, M., and Tost, H.: StratosphericSO2 and sulphate aerosol, model simulations and satellite observations,Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discussions, 13, 11 395-11 425,doi:10.5194/acpd-13-11395-2013, 2013.
    • (2013) Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discussions , vol.13 , pp. 11395-11425
    • Brühl, C.1
  • 16
    • 84893945884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Condensation nuclei measurements inthe midlatitude (1982-2012) and Antarctic (1986-2010) stratospherebetween 20 and 35 km
    • Campbell, P. and Deshler, T.: Condensation nuclei measurements inthe midlatitude (1982-2012) and Antarctic (1986-2010) stratospherebetween 20 and 35 km, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 119,137-152, 2014.
    • (2014) J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. , vol.119 , pp. 137-152
    • Campbell, P.1    Deshler, T.2
  • 17
    • 78649259981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratospheric aerosol processes
    • Thomason L. and Peter Th. (Eds.) SPARC ReportNo. 4, World Climate Research Programme
    • Carslaw, K. and Kärcher, B.: Stratospheric aerosol processes. In:Thomason L. and Peter Th. (Eds.) SPARC Assessment of StratosphericAerosol Properties (ASAP), pp. 1-28, SPARC ReportNo. 4, World Climate Research Programme, 2006.
    • (2006) SPARC Assessment of StratosphericAerosol Properties (ASAP) , pp. 1-28
    • Carslaw, K.1    Kärcher, B.2
  • 18
    • 0029535101 scopus 로고
    • An analytic expression for thecomposition of aqueous HNO3-H2SO4 stratospheric aerosolsincluding gas phase removal of HNO3
    • Carslaw, K. S., Luo, B., and Peter, T.: An analytic expression for thecomposition of aqueous HNO3-H2SO4 stratospheric aerosolsincluding gas phase removal of HNO3, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22,1877-1880, 1995.
    • (1995) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.22 , pp. 1877-1880
    • Carslaw, K.S.1    Luo, B.2    Peter, T.3
  • 19
    • 0031251303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ASAD atmosphericchemistry integration package and chemical reaction database
    • Carver, G. D., Brown, P. D., and Wild, O.: The ASAD atmosphericchemistry integration package and chemical reaction database,Comput. Phys. Commun., 105, 197-215, 1997.
    • (1997) Comput. Phys. Commun. , vol.105 , pp. 197-215
    • Carver, G.D.1    Brown, P.D.2    Wild, O.3
  • 20
    • 33746239470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New version of the TOMCAT/SLIMCAT offlinechemical transport model: Intercomparison of stratospherictracer experiments
    • Chipperfield, M.: New version of the TOMCAT/SLIMCAT offlinechemical transport model: Intercomparison of stratospherictracer experiments, Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 132, 1179-1203,2006.
    • (2006) Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.132 , pp. 1179-1203
    • Chipperfield, M.1
  • 21
    • 0033589857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model sensitivity studies of Arcticozone depletion
    • Chipperfield, M. and Pyle, J.: Model sensitivity studies of Arcticozone depletion, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 103, 28389-28403,1998.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. , vol.103 , pp. 28389-28403
    • Chipperfield, M.1    Pyle, J.2
  • 26
    • 84986409576 scopus 로고
    • In situ measurements of Pinatubo aerosol over Kirunaon four days between 18 January and 13 February 1992
    • Deshler, T.: In situ measurements of Pinatubo aerosol over Kirunaon four days between 18 January and 13 February 1992, Geophys.Res. Lett., 21, 1323-1326, 1994.
    • (1994) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.21 , pp. 1323-1326
    • Deshler, T.1
  • 27
    • 56249090700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of global stratospheric aerosol: Measurements,importance, life cycle, and local stratospheric aerosol
    • Deshler, T.: A review of global stratospheric aerosol: Measurements,importance, life cycle, and local stratospheric aerosol, AtmosphericResearch, 90, 223-232, 2008.
    • (2008) Atmospheric Research , vol.90 , pp. 223-232
    • Deshler, T.1
  • 28
    • 0026480214 scopus 로고
    • Balloonbornemeasurements of the Pinatubo aerosol size distribution andvolatility at LaramieWyoming during the summer of 1991
    • Deshler, T., Hofmann, D., Johnson, B., and Rozier, W.: Balloonbornemeasurements of the Pinatubo aerosol size distribution andvolatility at Laramie,Wyoming during the summer of 1991, Geophys.Res. Lett., 19, 199-202, 1992.
    • (1992) Geophys.Res Lett. , vol.19 , pp. 199-202
    • Deshler, T.1    Hofmann, D.2    Johnson, B.3    Rozier, W.4
  • 29
    • 0027835305 scopus 로고
    • Balloonborne measurementsof Pinatubo aerosol during 1991 and 1992 at 41-N:Vertical profiles, size distribution, and volatility
    • Deshler, T., Johnson, B. J., and Rozier, W. R.: Balloonborne measurementsof Pinatubo aerosol during 1991 and 1992 at 41-N:Vertical profiles, size distribution, and volatility, Geophys. Res.Lett., 20, 1435-1438, doi:10.1029/93GL01337, 1993.
    • (1993) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.20 , pp. 1435-1438
    • Deshler, T.1    Johnson, B.J.2    Rozier, W.R.3
  • 30
    • 0346008093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thirty years of in situ stratospheric aerosol size distributionmeasurements from Laramie, Wyoming (41 degrees N),using balloon-borne instruments, J
    • Deshler, T., Hervig, M. E., Hofmann, D. J., Rosen, J. M., and Liley,J. B.: Thirty years of in situ stratospheric aerosol size distributionmeasurements from Laramie, Wyoming (41 degrees N),using balloon-borne instruments, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108,D54167, doi:10.1029/2002JD002514, 2003.
    • (2003) Geophys. Res.-Atmos. , vol.108 , pp. D54167
    • Deshler, T.1    Hervig, M.E.2    Hofmann, D.J.3    Rosen, J.M.4    Lileyj, B.5
  • 31
    • 33746864138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the possible causes of recent increases in northernhemispheric total ozone from a statistical analysis of satellitedata from 1979 to 2003
    • Dhomse, S., Weber, M., Wohltmann, I., Rex, M., and Burrows,J. P.: On the possible causes of recent increases in northernhemispheric total ozone from a statistical analysis of satellitedata from 1979 to 2003, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 1165-1180,doi:10.5194/acp-6-1165-2006, 2006.
    • (2006) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.6 , pp. 1165-1180
    • Dhomse, S.1    Weber, M.2    Wohltmann, I.3    Rex, M.4    Burrows, J.P.5
  • 32
    • 84866336120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) simulationsof climate following volcanic eruptions
    • Driscoll, S., Bozzo, A., Gray, L. J., Robock, A., and Stenchikov,G.: Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) simulationsof climate following volcanic eruptions, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 117, D17105, doi:10.1029/2012JD017607, 2012.
    • (2012) J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. , vol.117 , pp. D17105
    • Driscoll, S.1    Bozzo, A.2    Gray, L.J.3    Robock, A.4    Stenchikov, G.5
  • 33
    • 84866331202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microphysical simulationsof sulfur burdens from stratospheric sulfur geoengineering
    • English, J. M., Toon, O. B., and Mills, M. J.: Microphysical simulationsof sulfur burdens from stratospheric sulfur geoengineering,Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 4775-4793, doi:10.5194/acp-12-4775-2012, 2012.
    • (2012) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.12 , pp. 4775-4793
    • English, J.M.1    Toon, O.B.2    Mills, M.J.3
  • 34
    • 84876801009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microphysical simulationsof large volcanic eruptions: Pinatubo and Toba
    • English, J. M., Toon, O. B., and Mills, M. J.: Microphysical simulationsof large volcanic eruptions: Pinatubo and Toba, J. Geophys.Res.-Atmos., 118, 1880-1895, doi:10.1002/jgrd.50196, 2013.
    • (2013) J. Geophys.Res.-Atmos. , vol.118 , pp. 1880-1895
    • English, J.M.1    Toon, O.B.2    Mills, M.J.3
  • 35
    • 0027836209 scopus 로고
    • Pinatubo eruptionwinter climate effects: Model versus observations
    • Graf, H. F., Kirchner, I., Robock, A., and Schult, I.: Pinatubo eruptionwinter climate effects: Model versus observations, Clim. Dynam.,9, 81-93, 1993.
    • (1993) Clim. Dynam. , vol.9 , pp. 81-93
    • Graf, H.F.1    Kirchner, I.2    Robock, A.3    Schult, I.4
  • 37
    • 55449129296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reevaluationof SO2 release of the 15 June 1991 Pinatubo eruptionusing ultraviolet and infrared satellite sensors
    • Guo, S., Bluth, G. J., Rose, W. I., Watson, I. M., and Prata, A.: Reevaluationof SO2 release of the 15 June 1991 Pinatubo eruptionusing ultraviolet and infrared satellite sensors, Geochem. Geophy.Geosys., 5, Q04001, doi:10.1029/2003GC000654, 2004a.
    • (2004) Geochem. Geophy.Geosys. , vol.5 , pp. Q04001
    • Guo, S.1    Bluth, G.J.2    Rose, W.I.3    Watson, I.M.4    Prata, A.5
  • 38
    • 21544440949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Particlesin the great Pinatubo volcanic cloud of June 1991:The role of ice
    • Guo, S., Rose, W. I., Bluth, G. J., and Watson, I. M.: Particlesin the great Pinatubo volcanic cloud of June 1991:The role of ice, Geochem. Geophy. Geosys., 5, Q05003,doi:10.1029/2003GC000655, 2004b.
    • (2004) Geochem. Geophy. Geosys. , vol.5 , pp. Q05003
    • Guo, S.1    Rose, W.I.2    Bluth, G.J.3    Watson, I.M.4
  • 42
    • 0026447242 scopus 로고
    • Potential climate impactof Mount Pinatubo eruption
    • Hansen, J., Lacis, A., Ruedy, R., and Sato, M.: Potential climate impactof Mount Pinatubo eruption, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 215-218, 1992.
    • (1992) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.19 , pp. 215-218
    • Hansen, J.1    Lacis, A.2    Ruedy, R.3    Sato, M.4
  • 43
    • 79960713820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Designand implementation of the infrastructure of HadGEM3: The nextgenerationMet Office climate modelling system
    • Hewitt, H. T., Copsey, D., Culverwell, I. D., Harris, C. M., Hill, R.S. R., Keen, A. B., McLaren, A. J., and Hunke, E. C.: Designand implementation of the infrastructure of HadGEM3: the nextgenerationMet Office climate modelling system, Geosci. ModelDev., 4, 223-253, doi:10.5194/gmd-4-223-2011, 2011.
    • (2011) Geosci. Model Dev. , vol.4 , pp. 223-253
    • Hewitt, H.T.1    Copsey, D.2    Culverwell, I.D.3    Harris, C.M.4    Hill, R.S.R.5    Keen, A.B.6    McLaren, A.J.7    Hunke, E.C.8
  • 44
    • 0020434886 scopus 로고
    • Balloo-sorne observations of stratosphericaerosol and condensation nuclei during the year followingthe Mt. St. Helens eruption
    • Hofmann, D. and Rosen, J.: Balloo-sorne observations of stratosphericaerosol and condensation nuclei during the year followingthe Mt. St. Helens eruption, J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean, 87,11039-11061, 1982.
    • (1982) J. Geophys. Res.-Ocean , vol.87 , pp. 11039-11061
    • Hofmann, D.1    Rosen, J.2
  • 45
    • 0021639908 scopus 로고
    • On the temporal variation of stratosphericaerosol size and mass during the first 18 months followingthe 1982 eruptions of El Chichón
    • Hofmann, D. and Rosen, J.: On the temporal variation of stratosphericaerosol size and mass during the first 18 months followingthe 1982 eruptions of El Chichón, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos,89, 4883-4890, 1984.
    • (1984) J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos , vol.89 , pp. 4883-4890
    • Hofmann, D.1    Rosen, J.2
  • 46
    • 0001641126 scopus 로고
    • The influence of the equatorial quasibiennialoscillation on the global circulation at 50 mb
    • Holton, J. R. and Tan, H.-C.: The influence of the equatorial quasibiennialoscillation on the global circulation at 50 mb, J. Atmos.Sci., 37, 2200-2208, 1980.
    • (1980) J. Atmos.Sci. , vol.37 , pp. 2200-2208
    • Holton, J.R.1    Tan, H.-C.2
  • 48
    • 84867586435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The global middleatmosphereaerosol model MAECHAM5-SAM2: Comparisonwith satellite and in-situ observations
    • Hommel, R., Timmreck, C., and Graf, H.: The global middleatmosphereaerosol model MAECHAM5-SAM2: comparisonwith satellite and in-situ observations, Geosci. Model Dev., 4,809-834, doi:10.5194/gmd-4-809-2011, 2011.
    • (2011) Geosci. Model Dev. , vol.4 , pp. 809-834
    • Hommel, R.1    Timmreck, C.2    Graf, H.3
  • 49
    • 53649104930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new sea surface temperature and sea ice boundary dataset forthe Community Atmosphere Model
    • Hurrell, J. W., Hack, J. J., Shea, D., Caron, J. M., and Rosinski, J.:A new sea surface temperature and sea ice boundary dataset forthe Community Atmosphere Model, J. Climate, 21, 5145-5153,2008.
    • (2008) J. Climate , vol.21 , pp. 5145-5153
    • Hurrell, J.W.1    Hack, J.J.2    Shea, D.3    Caron, J.M.4    Rosinski, J.5
  • 51
    • 0036184644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analytical formulae connectingthe "real" and the "apparent" nucleation rate and the nuclei number concentration for atmospheric nucleation events
    • Kerminen, V.-M. and Kulmala, M.: Analytical formulae connectingthe "real" and the "apparent" nucleation rate and the nuclei number concentration for atmospheric nucleation events, J. AerosolSci., 33, 609-622, 2002.
    • (2002) J. AerosolSci. , vol.33 , pp. 609-622
    • Kerminen, V.-M.1    Kulmala, M.2
  • 52
    • 0034494791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flux of dimethylsulfide from theoceans: A comparison of updated data sets and flux models
    • Kettle, A. and Andreae, M.: Flux of dimethylsulfide from theoceans: A comparison of updated data sets and flux models, J.Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 105, 26793-26808, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. , vol.105 , pp. 26793-26808
    • Kettle, A.1    Andreae, M.2
  • 53
    • 79954607021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosol microphysics modules inthe framework of the ECHAM5 climate model-intercomparisonunder stratospheric conditions
    • Kokkola, H., Hommel, R., Kazil, J., Niemeier, U., Partanen, A.-I.,Feichter, J., and Timmreck, C.: Aerosol microphysics modules inthe framework of the ECHAM5 climate model-intercomparisonunder stratospheric conditions, Geosci. Model Dev., 2, 97-112,doi:10.5194/gmd-2-97-2009, 2009.
    • (2009) Geosci. Model Dev. , vol.2 , pp. 97-112
    • Kokkola, H.1    Hommel, R.2    Kazil, J.3    Niemeier, U.4    Partanen, A.-I.5    Feichter, J.6    Timmreck, C.7
  • 55
    • 0000074220 scopus 로고
    • Binary nucleation of watersulfuricacid system: Comparison of classical theories with differentH2SO4 saturation vapor pressures
    • Kulmala, M. and Laaksonen, A.: Binary nucleation of watersulfuricacid system: Comparison of classical theories with differentH2SO4 saturation vapor pressures, J. Chem. Phys., 93,696, 1990.
    • (1990) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.93 , pp. 696
    • Kulmala, M.1    Laaksonen, A.2
  • 56
    • 0031867339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parameterizations forsulfuric acid/water nucleation rates
    • Kulmala, M., Laaksonen, A., and Pirjola, L.: Parameterizations forsulfuric acid/water nucleation rates, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,103, 8301-8307, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. , vol.103 , pp. 8301-8307
    • Kulmala, M.1    Laaksonen, A.2    Pirjola, L.3
  • 57
    • 0026481339 scopus 로고
    • Stratospheric temperature increasesdue to Pinatubo aerosols
    • Labitzke, K. and McCormick, M.: Stratospheric temperature increasesdue to Pinatubo aerosols, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 207-210, 1992.
    • (1992) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.19 , pp. 207-210
    • Labitzke, K.1    McCormick, M.2
  • 58
    • 0027083655 scopus 로고
    • Climate forcing by stratosphericaerosols
    • Lacis, A., Hansen, J., and Sato, M.: Climate forcing by stratosphericaerosols, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 1607-1610, 1992.
    • (1992) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.19 , pp. 1607-1610
    • Lacis, A.1    Hansen, J.2    Sato, M.3
  • 62
    • 0028603778 scopus 로고
    • Using the NOAA/AVHRR tostudy stratospheric aerosol optical thicknesses following the Mt.Pinatubo eruption
    • Long, C. S. and Stowe, L. L.: Using the NOAA/AVHRR tostudy stratospheric aerosol optical thicknesses following the Mt.Pinatubo eruption, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 2215-2218, 1994.
    • (1994) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.21 , pp. 2215-2218
    • Long, C.S.1    Stowe, L.L.2
  • 63
    • 77049128065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Descriptionand evaluation of GLOMAP-mode: A modal global aerosol microphysicsmodel for the UKCA composition-climate model,Geosci
    • Mann, G., Carslaw, K., Spracklen, D., Ridley, D., Manktelow, P.,Chipperfield, M., Pickering, S., and Johnson, C.: Descriptionand evaluation of GLOMAP-mode: a modal global aerosol microphysicsmodel for the UKCA composition-climate model,Geosci. Model Dev., 3, 519-551, 2010.
    • (2010) Model Dev. , vol.3 , pp. 519-551
    • Mann, G.1    Carslaw, K.2    Spracklen, D.3    Ridley, D.4    Manktelow, P.5    Chipperfield, M.6    Pickering, S.7    Johnson, C.8
  • 65
    • 0034353509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Densities and surface tensionsof H2SO4/HNO3/H2O solutions
    • Martin, E., George, C., and Mirabel, P.: Densities and surface tensionsof H2SO4/HNO3/H2O solutions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27,197-200, 2000.
    • (2000) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.27 , pp. 197-200
    • Martin, E.1    George, C.2    Mirabel, P.3
  • 66
    • 0026460416 scopus 로고
    • SAGE II measurements of earlyPinatubo aerosols
    • McCormick, M. and Veiga, R.: SAGE II measurements of earlyPinatubo aerosols, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 155-158, 1992.
    • (1992) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.19 , pp. 155-158
    • McCormick, M.1    Veiga, R.2
  • 67
    • 0028831161 scopus 로고
    • Atmosphericeffects of the Mt Pinatubo eruption
    • McCormick, M. P., Thomason, L. W., and Trepte, C. R.: Atmosphericeffects of the Mt Pinatubo eruption, Nature, 373, 399-404, 1995.
    • (1995) Nature , vol.373 , pp. 399-404
    • McCormick, M.P.1    Thomason, L.W.2    Trepte, C.R.3
  • 69
    • 34347366423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the global distribution, seasonality,and budget of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide (COS) and somesimilarities to CO2
    • Montzka, S., Calvert, P., Hall, B., Elkins, J., Conway, T., Tans,P., and Sweeney, C.: On the global distribution, seasonality,and budget of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide (COS) and somesimilarities to CO2, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 112, D09302,doi:10.1029/2006JD007665, 2007.
    • (2007) J Geophys. Res.-Atmos. , vol.112 , pp. D09302
    • Montzka, S.1    Calvert, P.2    Hall, B.3    Elkins, J.4    Conway, T.5    Tans, P.6    Sweeney, C.7
  • 71
    • 34548104179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global atmosphericchemistry: Integrating over fractional cloud cover
    • Neu, J. L., Prather, M. J., and Penner, J. E.: Global atmosphericchemistry: Integrating over fractional cloud cover, J. Geophys.Res.-Atmos., 112, D11306, doi:10.1029/2006JD008007, 2007.
    • (2007) J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. , vol.112 , pp. D11306
    • Neu, J.L.1    Prather, M.J.2    Penner, J.E.3
  • 72
    • 77049093278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial fate of fine ash and sulfur from large volcaniceruptions
    • Niemeier, U., Timmreck, C., Graf, H.-F., Kinne, S., Rast, S., andSelf, S.: Initial fate of fine ash and sulfur from large volcaniceruptions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 9043-9057, doi:10.5194/acp-9-9043-2009, 2009.
    • (2009) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.9 , pp. 9043-9057
    • Niemeier, U.1    Timmreck, C.2    Graf, H.-F.3    Kinne, S.4    Rast, S.5    Self, S.6
  • 74
    • 1342301079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term climatic impact of the 1991volcanic eruption of Mt. Pinatubo and effects on atmospherictracers
    • Pitari, G. and Mancini, E.: Short-term climatic impact of the 1991volcanic eruption of Mt. Pinatubo and effects on atmospherictracers, Natural Hazards and Earth System Science, 2, 91-108,doi:10.5194/nhess-2-91-2002, 2002.
    • (2002) Natural Hazards and Earth System Science , vol.2 , pp. 91-108
    • Pitari, G.1    Mancini, E.2
  • 75
    • 48749111937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of aerosolextinction coefficients, surface area density, and volume densityfrom SAGE II and in situ aircraft measurements
    • Reeves, J.,Wilson, J., Brock, C., and Bui, T.: Comparison of aerosolextinction coefficients, surface area density, and volume densityfrom SAGE II and in situ aircraft measurements, J. Geophys.Res.-Atmos., 113, D10202, doi:10.1029/2007JD009357113,2008.
    • (2008) J. Geophys.Res.-Atmos. , vol.113 , pp. D10202
    • Reeves, J.1    Wilson, J.2    Brock, C.3    Bui, T.4
  • 76
    • 0034463336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volcanic eruptions and climate
    • Robock, A.: Volcanic eruptions and climate, Rev. Geophys., 38,191-219, 2000.
    • (2000) Rev. Geophys. , vol.38 , pp. 191-219
    • Robock, A.1
  • 77
    • 0027037389 scopus 로고
    • Winter warming from large volcanic eruptions
    • Robock, A. and Mao, J.: Winter warming from large volcanic eruptions,Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 2405-2408, 1992.
    • (1992) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.19 , pp. 2405-2408
    • Robock, A.1    Mao, J.2
  • 78
    • 0001146548 scopus 로고
    • The vertical distribution of dust to 30 kilometers
    • Rosen, J. M.: The vertical distribution of dust to 30 kilometers, J.Geophys. Res., 69, 4673-4676, 1964.
    • (1964) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.69 , pp. 4673-4676
    • Rosen, J.M.1
  • 82
    • 84862066180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions of meteoric smoke particles withsulphuric acid in the Earth's stratosphere
    • Saunders, R. W., Dhomse, S., Tian, W. S., Chipperfield, M. P., andPlane, J. M. C.: Interactions of meteoric smoke particles withsulphuric acid in the Earth's stratosphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,12, 4387-4398, doi:10.5194/acp-12-4387-2012, 2012.
    • (2012) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.12 , pp. 4387-4398
    • Saunders, R.W.1    Dhomse, S.2    Tian, W.S.3    Chipperfield, M.P.4    Plane, J.M.C.5
  • 85
    • 80051664552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The persistently variable background stratosphericaerosol layer and global climate change
    • Solomon, S., Daniel, J., Neely, R., Vernier, J.-P., Dutton, E.,and Thomason, L.: The persistently variable background stratosphericaerosol layer and global climate change, Science, 333,866-870, 2011.
    • (2011) Science , vol.333 , pp. 866-870
    • Solomon, S.1    Daniel, J.2    Neely, R.3    Vernier, J.-P.4    Dutton, E.5    Thomason, L.6
  • 86
    • 51749105763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SPARC Assessment of stratospheric aerosol properties(ASAP), SPARC Report No. 4
    • SPARC WCRP-124, WMO/TD-No.1295
    • SPARC: SPARC Assessment of stratospheric aerosol properties(ASAP), SPARC Report No. 4, World Clim. Res. Programme,WCRP-124, WMO/TD-No.1295, 2006.
    • (2006) World Clim. Res. Programme
  • 88
    • 84925449709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SPARC Their Replacements, and Related Species,SPARC Report No. 6, World Clim. Res. Programme, WCRP-15/2013
    • SPARC: SPARC Report on Lifetimes of Stratospheric Ozone-Depleting Substances, Their Replacements, and Related Species,SPARC Report No. 6, World Clim. Res. Programme, WCRP-15/2013, 2013.
    • (2013) SPARC Report on Lifetimes of Stratospheric Ozone-Depleting Substances
  • 89
    • 26944433239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global off-line model of size-resolvedaerosol microphysics: I. Model development and predictionof aerosol properties
    • Spracklen, D. V., Pringle, K. J., Carslaw, K. S., Chipperfield, M. P.,and Mann, G. W.: A global off-line model of size-resolvedaerosol microphysics: I. Model development and predictionof aerosol properties, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 2227-2252,doi:10.5194/acp-5-2227-2005, 2005.
    • (2005) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.5 , pp. 2227-2252
    • Spracklen, D.V.1    Pringle, K.J.2    Carslaw, K.S.3    Chipperfield, M.P.4    Mann, G.W.5
  • 92
    • 33947334590 scopus 로고
    • Interactions in aqueous nonelectrolytesolutions. I. Solute-solvent equilibria
    • Stokes, R. and Robinson, R.: Interactions in aqueous nonelectrolytesolutions. I. Solute-solvent equilibria, J. Phys. Chem., 70, 2126-2131, 1966.
    • (1966) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.70 , pp. 2126-2131
    • Stokes, R.1    Robinson, R.2
  • 97
    • 0031407662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global climatology ofstratospheric aerosol surface area density deduced from StratosphericAerosol and Gas Experiment II measurements 1984-1994
    • Thomason, L., Poole, L., and Deshler, T.: A global climatology ofstratospheric aerosol surface area density deduced from StratosphericAerosol and Gas Experiment II measurements 1984-1994, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 102, 8967-8976, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys Res.-Atmos. , vol.102 , pp. 8967-8976
    • Thomason, L.1    Poole, L.2    Deshler, T.3
  • 98
    • 0035689345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional simulation of stratospheric backgroundaerosol: First results of a multiannual general circulationmodel simulation
    • Timmreck, C.: Three-dimensional simulation of stratospheric backgroundaerosol: First results of a multiannual general circulationmodel simulation, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 106, 28313-28332,2001.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. , vol.106 , pp. 28313-28332
    • Timmreck, C.1
  • 99
    • 0032856912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation of Mt.Pinatubo volcanic aerosol with the Hamburg climate modelECHAM4
    • Timmreck, C., Graf, H.-F., and Feichter, J.: Simulation of Mt.Pinatubo volcanic aerosol with the Hamburg climate modelECHAM4, Theor. Appl. Climatol., 62, 85-108, 1999.
    • (1999) Theor. Appl. Climatol. , vol.62 , pp. 85-108
    • Timmreck, C.1    Graf, H.-F.2    Feichter, J.3
  • 100
    • 83755186684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influenceof eruption season on the global aerosol evolution and radiativeimpact of tropical volcanic eruptions
    • Toohey, M., Krüger, K., Niemeier, U., and Timmreck, C.: The influenceof eruption season on the global aerosol evolution and radiativeimpact of tropical volcanic eruptions, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,11, 12351-12367, doi:10.5194/acp-11-12351-2011, 2011.
    • (2011) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.11 , pp. 12351-12367
    • Toohey, M.1    Krüger, K.2    Niemeier, U.3    Timmreck, C.4
  • 101
    • 0026446975 scopus 로고
    • Tropical stratospheric circulationdeduced from satellite aerosol data
    • Trepte, C. R. and Hitchman, M. H.: Tropical stratospheric circulationdeduced from satellite aerosol data, Nature, 355, 626-628,1992.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.355 , pp. 626-628
    • Trepte, C.R.1    Hitchman, M.H.2
  • 102
    • 36448934865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An improved parameterizationfor sulfuric acid-water nucleation rates for troposphericand stratospheric conditions
    • Vehkamäki, H., Kulmala, M., Napari, I., Lehtinen, K. E., Timmreck,C., Noppel, M., and Laaksonen, A.: An improved parameterizationfor sulfuric acid-water nucleation rates for troposphericand stratospheric conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 107, D224622,doi:10.1029/2002JD002184, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.107 , pp. D224622
    • Vehkamäki, H.1    Kulmala, M.2    Napari, I.3    Timmreckc, E.L.K.4    Noppel, M.5    Laaksonen, A.6
  • 103
    • 14344252386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • M7: An efficient size Resolvedaerosol microphysics module for large scale aerosoltransport models
    • Vignati, E., Wilson, J., and Stier, P.: M7: An efficient size Resolvedaerosol microphysics module for large scale aerosoltransport models, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 109, D22202,doi:10.1029/2003JD004485, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. , vol.109 , pp. D22202
    • Vignati, E.1    Wilson, J.2    Stier, P.3
  • 107
    • 0033795360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fast-J: Accurate simulationof in-and below-cloud photolysis in tropospheric chemical models
    • Wild, O., Zhu, X., and Prather, M. J.: Fast-J: Accurate simulationof in-and below-cloud photolysis in tropospheric chemical models,J. Atmos. Chem., 37, 245-282, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Atmos. Chem. , vol.37 , pp. 245-282
    • Wild, O.1    Zhu, X.2    Prather, M.J.3
  • 108
    • 0035726841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A modeling study of globalmixed aerosol fields
    • Wilson, J., Cuvelier, C., and Raes, F.: A modeling study of globalmixed aerosol fields, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 106, 34081-34108, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. , vol.106 , pp. 34081-34108
    • Wilson, J.1    Cuvelier, C.2    Raes, F.3
  • 110
    • 0028259688 scopus 로고
    • Radiatively forced dispersionof the Mt. Pinatubo volcanic cloud and induced temperatureperturbations in the stratosphere during the first few monthsfollowing the eruption
    • Young, R. E., Houben, H., and Toon, O. B.: Radiatively forced dispersionof the Mt. Pinatubo volcanic cloud and induced temperatureperturbations in the stratosphere during the first few monthsfollowing the eruption, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 369-372, 1994.
    • (1994) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.21 , pp. 369-372
    • Young, R.E.1    Houben, H.2    Toon, O.B.3
  • 111
    • 0000360242 scopus 로고
    • New methods for calculating solubilities of electrolytesin multicomponent systems
    • Zdanovskii, A.: New methods for calculating solubilities of electrolytesin multicomponent systems, Zh. Fiz. Khim, 22, 1475-1485, 1948.
    • (1948) Zh. Fiz. Khim , vol.22 , pp. 1475-1485
    • Zdanovskii, A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.