Estimated prevalence and incidence of multiple sclerosis in Iran

European Neurology

Volumn 72, Issue 5-6, 2014, Pages 370-374

  Etemadifar, Masoud ^a   Izadi, Sadegh ^b   Nikseresht, Alireza ^b   Sharifian, Maryam ^b   Sahraian, Mohammad Ali ^c   Nasr, Zahra ^a  

^a ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

^b SHIRAZ UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

^c TEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

Author keywords

Epidemiology; Incidence; Iran; Multiple Sclerosis; Prevalence

Indexed keywords

ADULT; DISEASE REGISTRY; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; FEMALE; GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; IRAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; REGISTER; SEX DIFFERENCE;

FEMALE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; IRAN; MALE; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; PREVALENCE; REGISTRIES; SEX FACTORS;

EID: 84908193472     PISSN: 00143022     EISSN: 14219913     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000365846     Document Type: Review

References (30)

1. Compston A, Coles A: Multiple sclerosis. Lancet 2008; 372: 1502-1517.
2. Etemadifar M, Sajjadi S, Nasr Z, Firoozeei TS, Abtahi SH, Akbari M, et al: Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in Iran: a systematic review. Eur Neurol 2013; 70: 356-363.
3. Benamer HT, Ahmed ES, Al-Din AS, Grosset DG: Frequency and clinical patterns of multiple sclerosis in Arab countries: a systematic review. J Neurol Sci 2009; 278: 1-4.
4. Cristiano E, Patrucco L, Rojas JI: A systematic review of the epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in South America. Eur J Neurol 2008;15:1273-1278.
5. Cristiano E, Rojas J, Romano M, Frider N, Machnicki G, Giunta D, et al: The epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review. Mult Scler 2013;19:844-854.
6. Kingwell E, Marriott JJ, Jette N, Pringsheim T, Makhani N, Morrow SA, et al: Incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Europe: a systematic review. BMC Neurol 2013; 13:128.
7. Etemadifar M, Janghorbani M, Shaygannejad V, Ashtari F: Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Isfahan, Iran. Neuroepidemiology 2006; 27: 39-44.
8. Saadatnia M, Etemadifar M, Maghzi AH: Multiple sclerosis in Isfahan, Iran. Int Rev Neurobiol 2007; 79: 357-375.
9. Sahraian MA, Khorramnia S, Ebrahim MM, Moinfar Z, Lotfi J, Pakdaman H: Multiple sclerosis in Iran: a demographic study of 8,000 patients and changes over time. Eur Neurol 2010; 64: 331-336.
10. Etemadifar M, Maghzi AH: Sharp increase in the incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Isfahan, Iran. Mult Scler 2011; 17: 1022-1027.
11. Abedini M, Habibi Saravi R, Zarvani A, Farahmand M: Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in Mazandran province in 2007 (in Persian). J Mazandaran Med Sch 1387; 18: 82-87.
12. Ghandehari K, Riasi HR, Nourian A, Boroumand AR: Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in north east of Iran. Mult Scler 2010; 16: 1525-1526.
13. Etemadifar M, Abtahi SH, Akbari M, Murray RT, Ramagopalan SV, Fereidan-Esfahani M: Multiple sclerosis in Isfahan, Iran: an update. Mult Scler 2013;10:1145-1147.
14. Rezaali S, Khalilnezhad A, Naser Moghadasi A, Chaibakhsh S, Sahraian MA: Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in Qom: demographic study in Iran. Iran J Neurol 2013; 12: 136-143.
15. Izadi S, Nikseresht A, Sharifian M, Sahraian MA, Hamidian Jahromi A, Aghighi M, et al: Significant increase in the prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Iran in 2011. Iran J Med Sci 2014; 39: 152-153.
16. Moghtaderi A, Rakhshanizadeh F, Shahraki-Ibrahimi S: Incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis in southeastern Iran. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2013;115:304-308.
17. Elhami SR, Mohammad K, Sahraian MA, Eftekhar H: A 20-year incidence trend (1989-2008) and point prevalence (March 20, 2009) of multiple sclerosis in Tehran, Iran: a population-based study. Neuroepidemiology 2011; 36:141-147.
18. Sharafaddinzadeh N, Moghtaderi A, Majdinasab N, Dahmardeh M, Kashipazha D, Shalbafan B: The influence of ethnicity on the characteristics of multiple sclerosis: a local population study between Persians and Arabs. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2013;115:1271-1275.
19. www.amar.org.ir.
20. Kalanie H, Gharagozli K, Kalanie AR: Multiple sclerosis: report on 200 cases from Iran. Mult Scler 2003; 9: 36-38.
21. Correale J, Farez MF: The impact of environmental infections (parasites) on MS activity. Mult Scler 2011; 17: 1162-1169.
22. Pierrot-Deseilligny C, Souberbielle JC: Is hypovitaminosis D one of the environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis? Brain 2010; 133: 1869-1888.
23. Simpson S Jr, Blizzard L, Otahal P, Van der Mei I, Taylor B: Latitude is significantly associated with the prevalence of multiple sclerosis: a meta-analysis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2011; 82: 1132-1141.
24. Boström I, Landtblom AM, Lauer K: An ecological study of industry in a high-risk region of multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2011; 311: 50-57.
25. Bharucha NE, Bharucha EP, Wadia NH, Singhal BS, Bharucha AE, Bhise AV, et al: Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the Parsis of Bombay. Neurology 1988; 38: 727-729.
26. Wadia NH, Bhatia K: Multiple sclerosis is prevalent in the Zoroastrians (Parsis) of India. Ann Neurol 1990; 28: 177-179.
27. Wasay M, Khatri IA, Khealani B, Sheerani M: MS in Asian countries. Int MS J 2006; 13: 58-65.
28. Alroughani R, Ashkanani A, Lamdhade S: Clinical characteristics of multiple sclerosis in Kuwait: data from the new MS registry of Amiri Hospital. Int J Neurosci 2012;122:82-87.
29. Alroughani R, Ahmed SF, Behbahani R, Khan R, Thussu A, Alexander KJ, et al: Increasing prevalence and incidence rates of multiple sclerosis in Kuwait. Mult Scler 2014;20:543-547.
30. Alonso A, Hernán MA: Temporal trends in the incidence of multiple sclerosis: a systematic review. Neurology 2008; 71: 129-135.