Fire severity and tree regeneration following bark beetle outbreaks: The role of outbreak stage and burning conditions

Ecological Applications

Volumn 24, Issue 7, 2014, Pages 1608-1625

  Harvey, Brian J ^a   Donato, Daniel C ^a,c   Romme, William H ^b   Turner, Monica G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

^b Colorado State University ^*  (United States)

^c Washington State Department of Natural Resources   (United States)

Author keywords

Compound disturbance; Dendroctonus ponderosae; Disturbance interactions; Fire ecology; Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem; Lodgepole pine; Mountain pine beetle; Pinus contorta; Rocky Mountains; Subalpine forest; USA

Indexed keywords

BEETLE; FIRE BEHAVIOR; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; PEST OUTBREAK; REGENERATION; SEED BANK; SEROTINY;

COLEOPTERA; DENDROCTONUS PONDEROSAE; PINUS CONTORTA; PINUS MUGO; SCOLYTINAE;

ANIMAL; BEETLE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; FOREST; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; PHYSIOLOGY; POPULATION DYNAMICS; TREE; WILDFIRE; WYOMING;

ANIMALS; COLEOPTERA; CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FORESTS; POPULATION DYNAMICS; TREES; WILDFIRES; WYOMING;

EID: 84908004784     PISSN: 10510761     EISSN: 19395582     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/13-1851.1     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Aoki, C. F., W. H. Romme, and M. E. Rocca. 2011. Lodgepole pine seed germination following tree death from mountain pine beetle attack in Colorado, USA. American Midland Naturalist 165:446-451.
2. Baker, W. L. 2009. Fire ecology in Rocky Mountain landscapes. First edition. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
3. Bebi, P., D. Kulakowski, and T. Veblen. 2003. Interactions between fire and spruce beetles in a subalpine rocky mountain forest landscape. Ecology 84:362-371.
4. Beers, T. W., P. E. Dress, and L. C. Wensel. 1966. Notes and observations: aspect transformation in site productivity research. Journal of Forestry 64:691-692.
5. Bigler, C., D. Kulakowski, and T. T. Veblen. 2005. Multiple disturbance interactions and drought influence fire severity in Rocky Mountain subalpine forests. Ecology 86:3018-3029.
6. Bjorklund, N., and B. S. Lindgren. 2009. Diameter of lodgepole pine and mortality caused by the mountain pine beetle: factors that influence their relationship and applicability for susceptibility rating. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 39:908-916.
7. Bond, M. L., D. E. Lee, C. M. Bradley, and C. T. Hanson. 2009. Influence of pre-fire tree mortality on fire severity in conifer forests of the San Bernardino Mountains, California. Open Forest Science Journal 2:41-47.
8. Buma, B., and C. A. Wessman. 2011. Disturbance interactions can impact resilience mechanisms of forests. Ecosphere 2:1-13.
9. Collins, B. J., C. C. Rhoades, M. A. Battaglia, and R. M. Hubbard. 2012. The effects of bark beetle outbreaks on forest development, fuel loads and potential fire behavior in salvage logged and untreated lodgepole pine forests. Forest Ecology and Management 284:260-268.
10. Côté, D., F. Girard, F. Hébert, S. Bouchard, R. Gagnon, and D. Lord. 2013. Is the closed-crown boreal forest resilient after successive stand disturbances? A quantitative demonstration from a case study. Journal of vegetation Science 24:664-674.
11. Dodds, K. J., S. L. Garman, and D. W. Ross. 2006. Landscape analyses of Douglas-fir beetle populations in northern Idaho. Forest Ecology and Management 231:119-130.
12. Donato, D. C., B. J. Harvey, W. H. Romme, M. Simard, and M. G. Turner. 2013a. Bark beetle effects on fuel profiles across a range of stand structures in Douglas-fir forests of Greater Yellowstone. Ecological Applications 23:3-20.
13. Donato, D. C., M. Simard, W. H. Romme, B. J. Harvey, and M. G. Turner. 2013b. Evaluating post-outbreak management effects on future fuel profiles and stand structure in bark beetle-impacted forests of Greater Yellowstone. Forest Ecology and Management 303:160-174.
14. Edburg, S. L., J. A. Hicke, P. D. Brooks, E. G. Pendall, B. E. Ewers, U. Norton, D. Gochis, E. D. Gutmann, and A. J. Meddens. 2012. Cascading impacts of bark beetle-caused tree mortality on coupled biogeophysical and biogeochemical processes. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 10:416-424.
15. ESRI. 2012. ArcGIS Desktop. Release 10.1. Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands, California, USA.
16. Griffin, J. M., M. Simard, and M. G. Turner. 2013. Salvage harvest effects on advance tree regeneration, soil nitrogen, and fuels following mountain pine beetle outbreak in lodgepole pine. Forest Ecology and Management 291:228-239.
17. Harvey, B. J., D. C. Donato, W. H. Romme, and M. G. Turner. 2013. Influence of recent bark beetle outbreak on fire severity and postfire tree regeneration in montane Douglas-fir forests. Ecology 94:2475-2486.
18. Hicke, J. A., M. C. Johnson, J. L. Hayes, and H. K. Preisler. 2012. Effects of bark beetle-caused tree mortality on wildfire. Forest Ecology and Management 271:81-90.
19. Higuera, P. E., C. Whitlock, and J. A. Gage. 2011. Linking treering and sediment-charcoal records to reconstruct fire occurrence and area burned in subalpine forests of Yellowstone National Park, USA. Holocene 21:327-341.
20. Hoffman, C., P. Morgan, W. Mell, R. Parsons, E. K. Strand, and S. Cook. 2012. Numerical simulation of crown fire hazard immediately after bark beetle-caused mortality in lodgepole pine forests. Forest Science 58:178-188.
21. Hubbard, R. M., C. C. Rhoades, K. Elder, and J. Negron. 2013. Changes in transpiration and foliage growth in lodgepole pine trees following mountain pine beetle attack and mechanical girdling. Forest Ecology and Management 289:312-317.
22. Jenkins, M. J., E. Hebertson, W. Page, and C. A. Jorgensen. 2008. Bark beetles, fuels, fires and implications for forest management in the Intermountain West. Forest Ecology and Management 254:16-34.
23. Jenkins, M. J., W. G. Page, E. G. Hebertson, and M. E. Alexander. 2012. Fuels and fire behavior dynamics in bark beetle-attacked forests in Western North America and implications for fire management. Forest Ecology and Management 275:23-34.
24. Jolly, W. M., R. A. Parsons, A. M. Hadlow, G. M. Cohn, S. S. McAllister, J. B. Popp, R. M. Hubbard, and J. F. Negron. 2012a. Relationships between moisture, chemistry, and ignition of Pinus contorta needles during the early stages of mountain pine beetle attack. Forest Ecology and Management 269:52-59.
25. Jolly, W. M., R. Parsons, J. M. Varner, B. W. Butler, K. C. Ryan, and C. L. Gucker. 2012b. Do mountain pine beetle outbreaks change the probability of active crown fire in lodgepole pine forests? Comment. Ecology 93:941-946.
26. Klutsch, J. G., M. A. Battaglia, D. R. West, S. L. Costello, and J. F. Negrón. 2011. Evaluating potential fire behavior in lodgepole pine-dominated forests after a mountain pine beetle epidemic in North-Central Colorado. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 26:101-109.
27. Kulakowski, D., and D. Jarvis. 2011. The influence of mountain pine beetle outbreaks and drought on severe wildfires in northwestern Colorado and southern Wyoming: A look at the past century. Forest Ecology and Management 262:1686-1696.
28. Kulakowski, D., C. Matthews, D. Jarvis, and T. T. Veblen. 2013. Compounded disturbances in sub-alpine forests in western Colorado favour future dominance by quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides). Journal of Vegetation Science 24:168-176.
29. Kulakowski, D., and T. T. Veblen. 2007. Effect of prior disturbances on the extent and severity of wildfire in Colorado subalpine forests. Ecology 88:759-769.
30. Kulakowski, D., T. T. Veblen, and P. Bebi. 2003. Effects of fire and spruce beetle outbreak legacies on the disturbance regime of a subalpine forest in Colorado. Journal of Biogeography 30:1445-1456.
31. Lynch, H. J., R. A. Renkin, R. L. Crabtree, and P. R. Moorcroft. 2006. The influence of previous mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) activity on the 1988 Yellowstone fires. Ecosystems 9:1318-1327.
32. Meddens, A. J. H., J. A. Hicke, and C. A. Ferguson. 2012. Spatiotemporal patterns of observed bark beetle-caused tree mortality in British Columbia and the western United States. Ecological Applications 22:1876-1891.
33. Miller, R. H., H. S. Whitney, and A. A. Berryman. 1986. Effects of induced translocation stress and bark beetle attack (Dendroctonus ponderosae) on heat pulse velocity and the dynamic wound response of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia). Canadian Journal of Botany 64:2669-2674.
34. Munn, L. C., and C. S. Arneson. 1998. Soils of Wyoming: A digital statewide map at 1:500, 000-scale. University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA.
35. Page, W. G., and M. J. Jenkins. 2007a. Mountain pine beetleinduced changes to selected lodgepole pine fuel complexes within the intermountain region. Forest Science 53:507-518.
36. Page, W., and M. J. Jenkins. 2007b. Predicted fire behavior in selected mountain pine beetle-infested lodgepole pine. Forest Science 53:662-674.
37. Paine, R. T., M. J. Tegner, and E. A. Johnson. 1998. Compounded perturbations yield ecological surprises. Ecosystems 1:535-545.
38. Pinheiro, J., D. Bates, S. DebRoy, D. Sarkar, and the R Development Core Team. 2013. nlme: Linear and nonlinear mixed effects models. R package version 3.1-113. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
39. Powell, E. N., P. A. Townsend, and K. F. Raffa. 2011. Wildfire provides refuge from local extinction but is an unlikely driver of outbreaks by mountain pine beetle. Ecological Monographs 82:69-84.
40. R Development Core Team. 2010. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Version 2.12.0. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
41. Raffa, K. F., B. H. Aukema, B. J. Bentz, A. L. Carroll, J. A. Hicke, M. G. Turner, and W. H. Romme. 2008. Cross-scale drivers of natural disturbances prone to anthropogenic amplification: the dynamics of bark beetle eruptions. Bioscience 58:501-517.
42. Romme, W. H., and D. G. Despain. 1989. Historical perspective on the Yellowstone Fires of 1988. BioScience 39:695-699.
43. Safranyik, L., and A. L. Carroll. 2007. The biology and epidemiology of the mountain pine beetle in lodgepole pine forests. Pages 3-66 in L. Safranyik and B. Wilson, editors. The mountain pine beetle: a synthesis of biology, management and impacts on lodgepole pine. Canadian Forest Service, Victoria, Canada.
44. Schoennagel, T., M. G. Turner, and W. H. Romme. 2003. The influence of fire interval and serotiny on postfire lodgepole pine density in Yellowstone National Park. Ecology 84:2967-2978.
45. Schoennagel, T., T. T. Veblen, J. F. Negron, and J. M. Smith. 2012. Effects of mountain pine beetle on fuels and expected fire behavior in lodgepole pine forests, Colorado, USA. PLoS ONE 7:e30002.
46. Schoennagel, T., T. T. Veblen, and W. H. Romme. 2004. The interaction of fire, fuels, and climate across Rocky Mountain forests. BioScience 54:661.
47. Simard, M., and S. Payette. 2005. Reduction of black spruce seed bank by spruce budworm infestation compromises postfire stand regeneration. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35:1686-1696.
48. Simard, M., W. H. Romme, J. M. Griffin, and M. G. Turner. 2011. Do mountain pine beetle outbreaks change the probability of active crown fire in lodgepole pine forests? Ecological Monographs 81:3-24.
49. Simard, M., W. H. Romme, J. M. Griffin, and M. G. Turner. 2012. Do mountain pine beetle outbreaks change the probability of active crown fire in lodgepole pine forests? Reply. Ecology 93:946-950.
50. Teste, F. P., V. J. Lieffers, and S. M. Landhäusser. 2011a. Seed release in serotinous lodgepole pine forests after mountain pine beetle outbreak. Ecological Applications 21:150-162.
51. Teste, F. P., V. J. Lieffers, and S. M. Landhäusser. 2011b. Viability of forest floor and canopy seed banks in Pinus contorta var. latifolia (Pinaceae) forests after a mountain pine beetle outbreak. American Journal of Botany 98:630-637.
52. Thompson, J. R., and T. A. Spies. 2009. Vegetation and weather explain variation in crown damage within a large mixed-severity wildfire. Forest Ecology and Management 258:1684-1694.
53. Tinker, D. B., W. H. Romme, W. W. Hargrove, R. H. Gardner, and M. G. Turner. 1994. Landscape-scale heterogeneity in lodgepole pine serotiny. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24:897-903.
54. Turner, M. G. 2010. Disturbance and landscape dynamics in a changing world. Ecology 91:2833-2849.
55. Turner, M. G., R. H. Gardner, and W. H. Romme. 1999. Prefire heterogeneity, fire severity, and early postfire plant reestablishment in subalpine forests of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. International Journal of Wildland Fire 9:21-36.
56. Turner, M. G., W. H. Romme, R. H. Gardner, and W. W. Hargrove. 1997. Effects of fire size and pattern on early succession in Yellowstone National Park. Ecological Monographs 67:411-433.
57. Venables, W. N., and B. D. Ripley. 2002. Modern applied statistics with S. Fourth edition. Springer, New York, New York, USA.
58. Westerling, A. L., M. G. Turner, E. A. H. Smithwick, W. H. Romme, and M. G. Ryan. 2011. Continued warming could transform Greater Yellowstone fire regimes by mid-21st century. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 108:13165-13170.
59. Yamaoka, Y., R. H. Swanson, and Y. Hiratsuka. 1990. Inoculation of lodgepole pine with four blue-stain fungi associated with mountain pine beetle, monitored by a heat pulse velocity (HPV) instrument. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 20:31-36.
60. Zevenbergen, L. W., and C. R. Thorne. 1987. Quantitative analysis of land surface topography. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 12:47-56.