Update in the evaluation of the solitary pulmonary nodule

Radiographics

Volumn 34, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 1658-1679

  Truong, Mylene T ^a   Ko, Jane P ^b   Rossi, Santiago E ^c   Rossi, Ignacio ^c   Viswanathan, Chitra ^a   Bruzzi, John F ^d   Marom, Edith M ^a   Erasmus, Jeremy J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MD ANDERSON CANCER CENTER   (United States)

^b NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c Fundacion Dr Enrique Rossi   (Argentina)

^d UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL GALWAY   (Ireland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONTRAST MEDIUM;

COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSTIC USE; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; HUMAN; LUNG NEOPLASMS; PATHOLOGY; PROCEDURES; RADIOGRAPHY; RISK FACTOR; SOLITARY PULMONARY NODULE;

CONTRAST MEDIA; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; HUMANS; LUNG NEOPLASMS; RISK FACTORS; SOLITARY PULMONARY NODULE; TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY COMPUTED;

EID: 84907816083     PISSN: 02715333     EISSN: 15271323     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1148/rg.346130092     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. Austin JH, Müller NL, Friedman PJ, et al. Glossary of terms for CT of the lungs: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee of the Fleischner Society. Radiology 1996;200(2):327-331.
2. Swensen SJ. CT screening for lung cancer. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2002;179(4):833-836.
3. Naidich DP, Bankier AA, MacMahon H, et al. Recommendations for the management of subsolid pulmonary nodules detected at CT: a statement from the Fleischner Society. Radiology 2013;266(1): 304-317.
4. Gaeta M, Volta S, Scribano E, Loria G, Vallone A, Pandolfo I. Air-space pattern in lung metastasis from adenocarcinoma of the GI tract. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1996;20(2):300-304.
5. Lee HY, Lee KS. Ground-glass opacity nodules: histopathology, imaging evaluation, and clinical implications. J Thorac Imaging 2011;26(2):106-118.
6. Cancer Facts and Figures 2006. American Cancer Society Web site. http://www.cancer.org/research /cancerfactsfigures/cancerfactsfigures/cancer-facts-figures-2006. Accessed November 6, 2006.
7. Viggiano RW, Swensen SJ, Rosenow EC 3rd. Evaluation and management of solitary and multiple pulmonary nodules. Clin Chest Med 1992;13(1): 83-95.
8. Gurney JW, Lyddon DM, McKay JA. Determining the likelihood of malignancy in solitary pulmonary nodules with Bayesian analysis. II. Application. Radiology 1993;186(2):415-422.
9. Bailey-Wilson JE, Amos CI, Pinney SM, et al. A major lung cancer susceptibility locus maps to chromosome 6q23-25. Am J Hum Genet 2004;75(3): 460-474.
10. Ginsberg MS, Griff SK, Go BD, Yoo HH, Schwartz LH, Panicek DM. Pulmonary nodules resected at video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: etiology in 426 patients. Radiology 1999;213(1):277-282.
11. Herder GJ, van Tinteren H, Golding RP, et al. Clinical prediction model to characterize pulmonary nodules: validation and added value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. Chest 2005;128(4):2490-2496.
12. Szucs-Farkas Z, Schick A, Cullmann JL, et al. Comparison of dual-energy subtraction and electronic bone suppression combined with computer-aided detection on chest radiographs: effect on human observers' performance in nodule detection. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2013;200(5):1006-1013.
13. Coakley FV, Cohen MD, Johnson MS, Gonin R, Hanna MP. Maximum intensity projection images in the detection of simulated pulmonary nodules by spiral CT. Br J Radiol 1998;71(842):135-140.
14. MacMahon H, Austin JH, Gamsu G, et al. Guidelines for management of small pulmonary nodules detected on CT scans: a statement from the Fleischner Society. Radiology 2005;237(2):395-400.
15. Henschke CI, McCauley DI, Yankelevitz DF, et al. Early Lung Cancer Action Project: overall design and findings from baseline screening. Lancet 1999; 354(9173):99-105.
16. Wahidi MM, Govert JA, Goudar RK, Gould MK, McCrory DC; American College of Chest Physicians. Evidence for the treatment of patients with pulmonary nodules: when is it lung cancer? ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (2nd edition). Chest 2007;132(3 Suppl):94S-107S.
17. Heitzman ER, Markarian B, Raasch BN, Carsky EW, Lane EJ, Berlow ME. Pathways of tumor spread through the lung: radiologic correlations with anatomy and pathology. Radiology 1982;144 (1):3-14.
18. Winer-Muram HT. The solitary pulmonary nodule. Radiology 2006;239(1):34-49.
19. Park CM, Goo JM, Lee HJ, Kim KG, Kang MJ, Shin YH. Persistent pure ground-glass nodules in the lung: interscan variability of semiautomated volume and attenuation measurements. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2010;195(6):W408-W414.
20. Gurney JW. Determining the likelihood of malignancy in solitary pulmonary nodules with Bayesian analysis. I. Theory. Radiology 1993;186(2): 405-413.
21. Pinto PS. The CT halo sign. Radiology 2004;230 (1):109-110.
22. Kim SJ, Lee KS, Ryu YH, et al. Reversed halo sign on high-resolution CT of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia: diagnostic implications. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2003;180(5):1251-1254.
23. Siegelman SS, Khouri NF, Scott WW Jr, et al. Pulmonary hamartoma: CT findings. Radiology 1986; 160(2):313-317.
24. Muram TM, Aisen A. Fatty metastatic lesions in 2 patients with renal clear-cell carcinoma. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2003;27(6):869-870.
25. Siegelman SS, Khouri NF, Leo FP, Fishman EK, Braverman RM, Zerhouni EA. Solitary pulmonary nodules: CT assessment. Radiology 1986;160(2): 307-312.
26. Swensen SJ, Yamashita K, McCollough CH, et al. Lung nodules: dual-kilovolt peak analysis with CT-multicenter study. Radiology 2000;214(1):81-85.
27. Seo JB, Im JG, Goo JM, Chung MJ, Kim MY. Atypical pulmonary metastases: spectrum of radiologic findings. RadioGraphics 2001;21(2):403-417.
28. Grewal RG, Austin JH. CT demonstration of calcification in carcinoma of the lung. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1994;18(6):867-871.
29. Woodring JH, Fried AM, Chuang VP. Solitary cavities of the lung: diagnostic implications of cavity wall thickness. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1980;135(6): 1269-1271.
30. Mirtcheva RM, Vazquez M, Yankelevitz DF, Henschke CI. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and adenocarcinoma with bronchioloalveolar features presenting as ground-glass opacities on CT. Clin Imaging 2002;26(2):95-100.
31. Hansell DM, Bankier AA, MacMahon H, McLoud TC, Müller NL, Remy J. Fleischner Society: glossary of terms for thoracic imaging. Radiology 2008; 246(3):697-722.
32. Kui M, Templeton PA, White CS, Cai ZL, Bai YX, Cai YQ. Evaluation of the air bronchogram sign on CT in solitary pulmonary lesions. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1996;20(6):983-986.
33. Travis WD, Brambilla E, Noguchi M, et al. Diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma in resected specimens: implications of the 2011 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society classification. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2013;137(5):685-705.
34. Oh JY, Kwon SY, Yoon HI, et al. Clinical significance of a solitary ground-glass opacity (GGO) lesion of the lung detected by chest CT. Lung Cancer 2007;55(1):67-73.
35. Koo CW, Miller WT, Kucharczuk JC. Focal ground-glass opacities in non-small cell lung carcinoma resection patients. Eur J Radiol 2012;81(1):139-145.
36. Kim HY, Shim YM, Lee KS, Han J, Yi CA, Kim YK. Persistent pulmonary nodular ground-glass opacity at thin-section CT: histopathologic comparisons. Radiology 2007;245(1):267-275.
37. Wahbah M, Boroumand N, Castro C, El-Zeky F, Eltorky M. Changing trends in the distribution of the histologic types of lung cancer: a review of 4,439 cases. Ann Diagn Pathol 2007;11(2):89-96.
38. Travis WD, Brambilla E, Noguchi M, et al. International association for the study of lung cancer/american thoracic society/european respiratory society international multidisciplinary classification of lung adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Oncol 2011;6(2):244-285.
39. Lacout A, Marcy PY, Ngo TM, El Hajjam M. Multidetector row CT scan in hypersensitivity pneumonitis: contribution of minimum intensity projection reformation. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2011;55 (3):291-295.
40. Godoy MC, Kim TJ, White CS, et al. Benefit of computer-aided detection analysis for the detection of subsolid and solid lung nodules on thin-and thick-section CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2013;200 (1):74-83.
41. Park CM, Goo JM, Lee HJ, et al. CT findings of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia in the lung. Korean J Radiol 2006;7(2):80-86.
42. Kishi K, Homma S, Kurosaki A, et al. Small lung tumors with the size of 1 cm or less in diameter: clinical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics. Lung Cancer 2004;44(1):43-51.
43. Li F, Sone S, Abe H, Macmahon H, Doi K. Malignant versus benign nodules at CT screening for lung cancer: comparison of thin-section CT findings. Radiology 2004;233(3):793-798.
44. Austin JH, Garg K, Aberle D, et al. Radiologic implications of the 2011 classification of adenocarcinoma of the lung. Radiology 2013;266(1): 62-71.
45. Honda T, Kondo T, Murakami S, et al. Radiographic and pathological analysis of small lung adenocarcinoma using the new IASLC classification. Clin Radiol 2013;68(1):e21-e26.
46. Yamada N, Kusumoto M, Maeshima A, Suzuki K, Matsuno Y. Correlation of the solid part on high-resolution computed tomography with pathological scar in small lung adenocarcinomas. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2007;37(12):913-917.
47. Ikeda K, Awai K, Mori T, Kawanaka K, Yamashita Y, Nomori H. Differential diagnosis of ground-glass opacity nodules: CT number analysis by three-dimensional computerized quantification. Chest 2007; 132(3):984-990.
48. Sumikawa H, Johkoh T, Nagareda T, et al. Pulmonary adenocarcinomas with ground-glass attenuation on thin-section CT: quantification by three-dimensional image analyzing method. Eur J Radiol 2008;65(1):104-111.
49. Suzuki K, Kusumoto M, Watanabe S, Tsuchiya R, Asamura H. Radiologic classification of small adenocarcinoma of the lung: radiologic-pathologic correlation and its prognostic impact. Ann Thorac Surg 2006;81(2):413-419.
50. Tsutani Y, Miyata Y, Nakayama H, et al. Prognostic significance of using solid versus whole tumor size on high-resolution computed tomography for predicting pathologic malignant grade of tumors in clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinoma: a multicenter study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012;143(3):607-612.
51. Lee HJ, Goo JM, Lee CH, Yoo CG, Kim YT, Im JG. Nodular ground-glass opacities on thin-section CT: size change during follow-up and pathological results. Korean J Radiol 2007;8(1):22-31.
52. Oda S, Awai K, Liu D, et al. Ground-glass opacities on thin-section helical CT: differentiation between bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2008;190 (5):1363-1368.
53. Fan L, Liu SY, Li QC, Yu H, Xiao XS. Multidetector CT features of pulmonary focal ground-glass opacity: differences between benign and malignant. Br J Radiol 2012;85(1015):897-904.
54. Gaeta M, Caruso R, Blandino A, Bartiromo G, Scribano E, Pandolfo I. Radiolucencies and cavitation in bronchioloalveolar carcinoma: CT-pathologic correlation. Eur Radiol 1999;9(1):55-59.
55. Gaeta M, Blandino A, Scribano E, Minutoli F, Volta S, Pandolfo I. Computed tomography halo sign in pulmonary nodules: frequency and diagnostic value. J Thorac Imaging 1999;14(2):109-113.
56. Kim KG, Goo JM, Kim JH, et al. Computer-aided diagnosis of localized ground-glass opacity in the lung at CT: initial experience. Radiology 2005;237 (2):657-661.
57. Nathan MH, Collins VP, Adams RA. Differentiation of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules by growth rate. Radiology 1962;79:221-232.
58. Soubani AO. The evaluation and management of the solitary pulmonary nodule. Postgrad Med J 2008;84 (995):459-466.
59. Aoki T, Nakata H, Watanabe H, et al. Evolution of peripheral lung adenocarcinomas: CT findings correlated with histology and tumor doubling time. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000;174(3):763-768.
60. Friberg S, Mattson S. On the growth rates of human malignant tumors: implications for medical decision making. J Surg Oncol 1997;65(4):284-297.
61. Good CA. Management of patient with solitary mass in lung. Chic Med Soc Bull 1953;55:893-896.
62. Hasegawa M, Sone S, Takashima S, et al. Growth rate of small lung cancers detected on mass CT screening. Br J Radiol 2000;73(876):1252-1259.
63. Kakinuma R, Ohmatsu H, Kaneko M, et al. Progression of focal pure ground-glass opacity detected by low-dose helical computed tomography screening for lung cancer. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2004;28 (1):17-23.
64. Revel M-P, Merlin A, Peyrard S, et al. Software volumetric evaluation of doubling times for differentiating benign versus malignant pulmonary nodules. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2006;187(1):135-142.
65. de Hoop B, Gietema H, van de Vorst S, Murphy K, van Klaveren RJ, Prokop M. Pulmonary ground-glass nodules: increase in mass as an early indicator of growth. Radiology 2010;255(1):199-206.
66. Farooqi AO, Cham M, Zhang L, et al. Lung cancer associated with cystic airspaces. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2012;199(4):781-786.
67. Lindell RM, Hartman TE, Swensen SJ, Jett JR, Midthun DE, Mandrekar JN. 5-year lung cancer screening experience: growth curves of 18 lung cancers compared to histologic type, CT attenuation, stage, survival, and size. Chest 2009;136(6):1586-1595.
68. Swensen SJ, Viggiano RW, Midthun DE, et al. Lung nodule enhancement at CT: multicenter study. Radiology 2000;214(1):73-80.
69. Shah SK, McNitt-Gray MF, Rogers SR, et al. Computer aided characterization of the solitary pulmonary nodule using volumetric and contrast enhancement features. Acad Radiol 2005;12(10):1310-1319.
70. Lowe VJ, Hoffman JM, DeLong DM, Patz EF, Coleman RE. Semiquantitative and visual analysis of FDG-PET images in pulmonary abnormalities. J Nucl Med 1994;35(11):1771-1776.
71. Gould MK, Maclean CC, Kuschner WG, Rydzak CE, Owens DK. Accuracy of positron emission tomography for diagnosis of pulmonary nodules and mass lesions: a meta-analysis. JAMA 2001; 285(7):914-924.
72. Gould MK, Ananth L, Barnett PG; Veterans Affairs SNAP Cooperative Study Group. A clinical model to estimate the pretest probability of lung cancer in patients with solitary pulmonary nodules. Chest 2007;131(2):383-388.
73. Nomori H, Watanabe K, Ohtsuka T, Naruke T, Suemasu K, Uno K. Evaluation of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET scanning for pulmonary nodules less than 3 cm in diameter, with special reference to the CT images. Lung Cancer 2004;45 (1):19-27.
74. Lowe VJ, Fletcher JW, Gobar L, et al. Prospective investigation of positron emission tomography in lung nodules. J Clin Oncol 1998;16(3):1075-1084.
75. Erasmus JJ, McAdams HP, Patz EF Jr, Coleman RE, Ahuja V, Goodman PC. Evaluation of primary pulmonary carcinoid tumors using FDG PET. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1998;170(5):1369-1373.
76. Yi CA, Lee KS, Kim BT, et al. Tissue characterization of solitary pulmonary nodule: comparative study between helical dynamic CT and integrated PET/CT. J Nucl Med 2006;47(3):443-450.
77. Beyer T, Antoch G, Blodgett T, Freudenberg LF, Akhurst T, Mueller S. Dual-modality PET/CT imaging: the effect of respiratory motion on combined image quality in clinical oncology. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2003;30(4):588-596.
78. Pan T, Mawlawi O, Nehmeh SA, et al. Attenuation correction of PET images with respiration-averaged CT images in PET/CT. J Nucl Med 2005;46(9): 1481-1487.
79. Gould MK, Fletcher J, Iannettoni MD, et al. Evaluation of patients with pulmonary nodules: when is it lung cancer? ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (2nd edition). Chest 2007;132(3 Suppl): 108S-130S.
80. Patel VK, Naik SK, Naidich DP, et al. A practical algorithmic approach to the diagnosis and management of solitary pulmonary nodules: part 2-pretest probability and algorithm. Chest 2013;143(3): 840-846.
81. Swensen SJ, Silverstein MD, Ilstrup DM, Schleck CD, Edell ES. The probability of malignancy in solitary pulmonary nodules: application to small radiologically indeterminate nodules. Arch Intern Med 1997;157(8):849-855.
82. Dewan NA, Shehan CJ, Reeb SD, Gobar LS, Scott WJ, Ryschon K. Likelihood of malignancy in a solitary pulmonary nodule: comparison of Bayesian analysis and results of FDG-PET scan. Chest 1997; 112(2):416-422.
83. Vazquez M, Carter D, Brambilla E, et al. Solitary and multiple resected adenocarcinomas after CT screening for lung cancer: histopathologic features and their prognostic implications. Lung Cancer 2009;64(2):148-154.
84. Nakata M, Saeki H, Takata I, et al. Focal ground-glass opacity detected by low-dose helical CT. Chest 2002;121(5):1464-1467.
85. Godoy MC, Naidich DP. Subsolid pulmonary nodules and the spectrum of peripheral adenocarcinomas of the lung: recommended interim guidelines for assessment and management. Radiology 2009; 253(3):606-622.