Partial root zone drying exerts different physiological responses on field-grown grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. Monastrell) in comparison to regulated deficit irrigation

Functional Plant Biology

Volumn 41, Issue 11, 2014, Pages 1087-1106

  Romero, Pascual ^a   Pérez Pérez, Juan Gabriel ^a   Del Amor, Francisco M ^a   Martinez Cutillas, Adrián ^a   Dodd, Ian C ^b   Botía, Pablo ^a  

^a INSTITUTO MURCIANO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y DESARROLLO AGRARIO Y ALIMENTARIO IMIDA   (Spain)

^b LANCASTER UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

abscisic acid; plant biomass; root and shoot growth regulation; water stress physiology; water uptake; water use efficiency.

Indexed keywords

ABSCISIC ACID; AGRICULTURAL LAND; COMPARATIVE STUDY; FRUIT SET; GROWTH RATE; GROWTH REGULATOR; IRRIGATION SYSTEM; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE; PHYTOMASS; RHIZOSPHERE; ROOT-SHOOT RATIO; VINE; WATER STRESS; WATER UPTAKE; WATER USE EFFICIENCY;

VITIS; VITIS VINIFERA;

EID: 84907653309     PISSN: 14454408     EISSN: 14454416     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1071/FP13276     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (99)

1. Abrisqueta JM, MounzerO, Álvarez S, ConejeroW, García-Orellana Y, Tapia LM, Vera J, Abrisqueta I, Ruiz-Sánchez MC (2008) Root dynamics of peach trees submitted to partial root zone drying and continuous deficit irrigation. Agricultural Water Management 95, 959-967. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2008.03.003
2. Affi N, El Fadl A, El Otmani M, Benismail MC, Idrissi LM, Salghi R, El Mastor A (2012) Comparative effects of partial rootzone drying and deficit irrigation on physiological parameters of tomato crop. Der Pharma Chemica 4, 2402-2407.
3. Ahmadi SH, Andersen MN, Plauborg F, Poulsen RT, Jensen CR, Sepaskhah AR, Hansen S (2010) Effects of irrigation strategies and soils on field grown potatoes: Yield and water productivity. Agricultural Water Management 97, 1923-1930. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2010.07.007
4. Ahmadi SH, Andersen MN, Plauborg F, Poulsen RT, Jensen CR, Sepaskhah AR, Hansen S (2010) Effects of irrigation strategies and soils on field-grown potatoes: Gas exchange and xylem. Agricultural Water Management 97, 1486-1494. [ABA] doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2010.05.002
5. Ahmadi SH, Plauborg F, AndersenMN, Sepaskhah AR, Jensen CR, Hansen S (2011) Effects of irrigation strategies and soils on field grown potatoes: Root distribution. Agricultural Water Management 98, 1280-1290. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2011.03.013
6. Allen RG, Pereira LS, Raesk D, Smith M (1998) 'Crop evapotranspirationguidelines for computing crop water requirements. Irrigation and drainage paper No. 56. (Food and Agriculture Organisation, Rome)
7. Alsina MM, Smart DR, Bauerle T, de Herralde F, Biel C, Stockert C, Negron C, Save R (2011) Seasonal changes of whole root system conductance by a drought-Tolerant grape root system. Journal of Experimental Botany 62, 99-109. doi:10.1093/jxb/erq247
8. Antolín MC, Ayari M, Sánchez-Díaz M (2006) Effects of partial root-zone drying on yield, ripening and berryABAin potted Tempranillo grapevines with split roots. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 12, 13-20. doi:10.1111/j.1755-0238.2006.tb00039.x
9. Bravdo B, Naor A, Zahavi T, Gal Y (2004) The effects of water stress applied alternatively to part of the wetting zone along the season (PRD-partial rootzone drying) on wine quality, yield, and water relations of reed wine grapes. Acta Horticulturae 664, 101-109.
10. Cameron R, Harrison-Murray R, Fordham M, Wilkinson S, Davies W, Atkinson C, Else M (2008) Regulated irrigation of woody ornamentals to improve plant quality and precondition against drought stress. Annals of Applied Biology 153, 49-61. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.2008.00237.x
11. Chaves MM, dos Santos TP, Souza CR, Ortuño MF, Rodrigues ML, Lopes CM, Maroco JP, Pereira JS (2007) Deficit irrigation in grapevine improves water-use efficiency while controlling vigour and production quality. Annals of Applied Biology 150, 237-252. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.2006.00123.x
12. Chaves MM, Zarrouk O, Francisco R, Costa JM, dos Santos T, Regalado AP, Rodrigues ML, Lopes CM (2010) Grapevine under deficit irrigation: Hints from physiological and molecular data. Annals of Botany 105, 661-676. doi:10.1093/aob/mcq030
13. Collins MJ, Fuentes S, Barlow EWR (2010) Partial root zone drying and deficit irrigation increase stomatal sensitivity to vapour pressure deficit in anisohydric grapevines. Functional Plant Biology 37, 128-138. doi:10.1071/FP09175
14. Davies WJ, Wilkinson S, Loveys BR (2002) Stomatal control by chemical signalling and exploitation of this mechanism to increase water use efficiency in agriculture. New Phytologist 153, 449-460. doi:10.1046/j.0028-646X.2001.00345.x
15. De la Hera ML, Romero P, Gomez-Plaza E, Martinez A (2007) Is partial rootzone drying an effective irrigation technique to improve water use efficiency and fruit quality in field-grown wine grapes under semiarid conditions? Agricultural Water Management 87, 261-274. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2006.08.001
16. de Souza CR, Maroco JP, dos Santos TP, Rodrigues ML, Lopes CM, Pereira JS, Chaves MM (2003) Partial rootzone drying:regulation of stomatal aperture and carbon assimilation in field-grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera cv. Moscatel). Functional Plant Biology 30, 653-662. doi:10.1071/FP02115
17. de Souza CR, Maroco JP, dos Santos T, Rodrigues ML, Lopes C, Pereira JS, Chaves MM (2005) Control of stomatal aperture and carbon uptake by deficit irrigation in two grapevine cultivars. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 106, 261-274. doi:10.1016/j.agee.2004.10.014
18. de Souza CR, Maroco JP, dos Santos T, Rodrigues ML, Lopes C, Pereira JS, Chaves MM (2005) Grape berry metabolism in field-grown grapevines exposed to different irrigation strategies. Vitis 44, 103-109.
19. de Souza CR, Maroco JP, dos Santos T, Rodrigues ML, Lopes C, Pereira JS, Chaves MM (2005) Impact of deficit irrigation on water use efficiency and carbon isotope composition (d13C) of field-grown grapevines under Mediterranean climate. Journal of Experimental Botany 56, 2163-2172. doi:10.1093/jxb/eri216
20. del Amor FM, Cuadra-Crespo P (2011) Alleviation of salinity stress in broccoli using foliar urea or methyl-jasmonate: Analysis of growth, gas exchange, and isotope composition. Plant Growth Regulation 63, 55-62. doi:10.1007/s10725-010-9511-8
21. Deslauriers A, Morin H, Urbinati C, Carrer M (2003) Daily weather response of balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L) Mill) stem radius increment from dendrometer analysis in the boreal forests of Quebec. Trees 17, 477-484. doi:10.1007/s00468-003-0260-4
22. Deslauriers A, Anfodillo T, Rossi S, Carraro V (2007) Using simple causal modelling to understand how water and temperature affect daily stem radial variation in trees. Tree Physiology 27, 1125-1136. doi:10.1093/treephys/27.8.1125
23. Dodd IC (2009) Rhizosphere manipulations to maximize crop per drop during deficit irrigation. Journal of Experimental Botany 60, 2454-2459. doi:10.1093/jxb/erp192
24. Dodd IC, Theobald JC, Bacon MA, Davies WJ (2006) Alternation of wet and dry sides during partial root zone drying irrigation alters root-Toshoot signalling of abscisic acid. Functional Plant Biology 33, 1081-1089. doi:10.1071/FP06203
25. Dodd IC, Egea G, Davies WJ (2008) Abscisic acid signalling when soil moisture is heterogeneous: Decreased photoperiod sap flow from drying roots limits abscisic acid export to the shoots. Plant, Cell & Environment 31, 1263-1274. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01831.x
26. Dodd IC, Egea G, Davies WJ (2008) Accounting for sap flow from different parts of the root system improves the prediction of xylem ABA concentration in plants grown with heterogeneous soil moisture. Journal of Experimental Botany 59, 4083-4093. doi:10.1093/jxb/ern246
27. Dodd IC, Egea G, Watts CW, Whalley WR (2010) Root water potential integrates discrete soil physical properties to influence ABA signalling during partial rootzone drying. Journal of Experimental Botany 61, 3543-3551. doi:10.1093/jxb/erq195
28. Dodd IC, Egea G, Martín-Vertedor AI, Romero P, Pérez-Pérez JG (2011) Partial rootzone drying: Chemical signalling theory and irrigation practice. Acta Horticulturae 922, 67-74.
29. dos Santos T, Lopes CM, Rodrigues ML, Souza CR, Maroco JP, Pereira JS, Silva JR, Chaves MM (2003) Partial rootzone drying: Effects on growth, and fruit quality of field grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera L). Functional Plant Biology 30, 663-671. doi:10.1071/FP02180
30. Dos Santos TP, Lopes CM, Rodrigues ML, De Souza CR, Ricardo-Da-Silva JM, Maroco JP, Pereira JS, Chaves MM (2007) Effects of deficit irrigation strategies on cluster microclimate for improving fruit composition of Moscatel field-grown grapevines. Scientia Horticulturae 112, 321-330. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2007.01.006
31. Dry PR, Loveys BR (1999) Grapevine shoot growth and stomatal conductance are reduced when part of the root system is dried. Vitis 38, 151-156.
32. Dry PR, Loveys BR, Botting D, During H (1996) Effect of partial root-zone drying on grapevine vigour, yield, composition of fruit and use of water. In 'Proceedings of the ninth Australian wine industry technical conference. (Eds CS Stockley, AN Sas, RS Johnstone, TH Lee) pp. 126-131. (Winetitles: Adelaide)
33. Dry PR, Loveys BR, During H (2000) Partial drying of the root zone of grape. I. Transient changes in shoot growth and gas exchange. Vitis 39, 3-7.
34. Dry PR, Loveys BR, Stoll M, Steward D, McCarthy MG (2000) Partial root zone drying-An update. The Australian Grapegrower and Winemaker. Annual technical Issue 35-39.
35. Dry PR, Loveys BR, McCarthy MG, Stoll M (2001) Strategic management in Australian vineyards. Journal International des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin 35, 129-139.
36. Du Toit G (2005) The effect of partial root zone drying on the partitioning of dry matter, carbon, nitrogen and inorganic ions in grapevines.PhD Thesis, University of Adelaide, Australia.
37. DuToit G, Dry P, Loveys B (2003) Apreliminary investigation on partial rootzone drying (PRD) effects on grapevine performance, nitrogen assimilation and berry composition. South African Journal of Enology and Viticulture 24, 43-54.
38. Egea G, Dodd IC, González-Real MM, Domingo R, Baille A (2011) Partial rootzone drying improves tree leaf-level water use efficiency and afternoon water status compared with regulated deficit irrigation. Functional Plant Biology 38, 372-385. doi:10.1071/FP10247
39. Einhorn TC, Caspari HW, Green S (2012) Total soil water content accounts for augmented ABA leaf concentration and stomatal regulation of split-rooted apple trees during heterogeneous soil drying. Journal of Experimental Botany 63, 5365-5376. doi:10.1093/jxb/ers195
40. Farquhar GD, Ehleringer JR, Hubick KT (1989) Carbon isotope discrimination and photosynthesis. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 40, 503-537. doi:10.1146/annurev. pp.40.060189.002443
41. Fernández JE, Cuevas MV (2010) Irrigation scheduling from stem diameter variations: A review. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 150, 135-151. doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.11.006
42. García-García J (2010) Evaluación económica del cultivo de la viña en la region de Murcia. Vida Rural 305, 58-62.
43. Goldstein G, Andrade JL, Meinzer FC, Holbrook NM, Cavelier J, Jackson P, Celis A (1998) Stem water storage and diurnal patterns of water use in tropical forest canopy trees. Plant, Cell & Environment 21, 397-406. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00273.x
44. Gu S, Guoqiang D, Zoldoske D, Hakim A, Cochran R, Fugelsang K, Jorgensen G (2004) Effects of irrigation amount on water relations, vegetative growth, yield and fruit composition of Sauvignon blanc grapevines under partial root-zone drying and conventional irrigation in the San Joaquin Valley of California, USA.The Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology 79, 26-33.
45. Hu T, Kang S, Li F, Zhang J (2011) Effects of partial root-zone irrigation on hydraulic conductivity in the soil-root system of maize plants. Journal of Experimental Botany 62, 4163-4172. doi:10.1093/jxb/err110
46. Hutton RJ, Loveys BR (2011) A partial root-zone drying irrigation strategy for citrus-effects on water use efficiency and fruit characteristics. Agricultural Water Management 98, 1485-1496. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2011.04.010
47. Intrigliolo DS, Castel JR (2009) Response of Vitis vinifera cv. Tempranillo to partial root-zone drying in the field: Water relations, growth, yield and fruit and wine quality. Agricultural Water Management 96, 282-292. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2008.08.001
48. Johnson MG, Tingey DT, Philips DL, Storm MJ (2001) Advancing fine root research with minirhizotrons. Environmental and Experimental Botany 45, 263-289. doi:10.1016/S0098-8472(01)00077-6
49. Kaman H, Kirda C, Sesveren S (2011) Genotypic differences of maize in grain yield response to deficit irrigation. Agricultural Water Management 98, 801-807. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2010.12.003
50. Kang S, Zhang J (2004) Controlled alternate partial root-zone irrigation: Its physiological consequences and impact on water use efficiency. Journal of Experimental Botany 55, 2437-2446. doi:10.1093/jxb/erh249
51. Kriedemann PE, Goodwin I (2003) 'Deficit irrigation and partial root-zone drying. An overview of principles and applications. Irrigation insights no. 4. (Land and Water Australia: Canberra, Australia)
52. Li F, Yu J, Nong M, Kang S, Zhang J (2010) Partial root-zone irrigation enhanced soil enzyme activities and water use of maize under different ratios of inorganic to organic nitrogen fertilizers. Agricultural Water Management 97, 231-239. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2009.09.014
53. Li B, Feng Z, Xie M, Sun M, Zhao Y, Liang L, Liu G, Zhang J, Jia W (2011) Modulation of the root-sourced ABA signal along its way to the shoot in Vitis riparia-Vitis labrusca under water deficit. Journal of Experimental Botany 62, 1731-1741. doi:10.1093/jxb/erq390
54. Li C, Sun J, Li F, Zhou X, Li Z, Qiang X, Guo D (2011) Response of root morphology and distribution in maize to alternate furrow irrigation. Agricultural Water Management 98, 1789-1798. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2011.07.005
55. Liu F, Jensen CR, Shahnazari A, Andersen MN, Jacobsen SE (2005) ABA regulated stomatal control and photosynthetic water use efficiency of potato (Solanum tuberosum L) during progressive soil drying. Plant Science 168, 831-836. doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2004.10.016
56. Liu F, Shahnazari A, Andersen MN, Jacobsen SE, Jensen CR (2006) Physiological responses of potato (Solanum tuberosum L) to partial root-zone drying: ABA signalling, leaf gas exchange and water use efficiency. Journal of Experimental Botany 57, 3727-3735. doi:10.1093/jxb/erl131
57. Liu F, Song R, Zhang X, Shahnazari A, Andersen MN, Plauborg F, Jacobsen SE, Jensen CR (2008) Measurement and modelling of ABA signalling in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) during partial root-zone drying. Environmental and Experimental Botany 63, 385-391. doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2007.11.015
58. Loveys BR (1999) Grapevine shoot growth and stomatal conductance are reduced when part of the root system is dried. Vitis 39, 151-156.
59. Loveys BR, Stoll M, Davies WJ (2004) Physiological approaches to enhance water use efficiency in agriculture: Exploiting plant signalling in novel irrigation practice. In 'Water use efficiency in plant biology. (Ed. MA Bacon) pp. 113-141. (Blackwell Publishing: Oxford, UK)
60. Marsal J, Mata M, Del Campo J, Arbonés A, Vallverdú X, Girona J, Olivo N (2008) Evaluation of partial root-zone drying for potential field use as a deficit irrigation technique in commercial vineyards according to two different pipeline layouts. Irrigation Science 26, 347-356. doi:10.1007/s00271-007-0098-4
61. Martín-Vertedor AI, Dodd IC (2011) Root-To-shoot signalling when soil moisture is heterogeneous: Increasing the proportion of root biomass in drying soil inhibits leaf growth and increases leaf abscisic acid concentration. Plant, Cell & Environment 34, 1164-1175. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02315.x
62. McLean EH, Ludwig M, Grierson F (2011) Root hydraulic conductance and aquaporin abundance respond rapidly to partial root-zone drying events in a riparian Melaleuca species. New Phytologist 192, 664-675. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03834.x
63. Mingo DM, Theobald JC, Bacon MA, Davies WJ, Dodd IC (2004) Biomass allocation in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plants grown under partial rootzone drying: Enhancement of root growth. Functional Plant Biology 31, 971-978. doi:10.1071/FP04020
64. Mitchell PD, Chalmers DJ (1982) The effect of reduced water supply on peach tree growth and yields. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 10, 853-856.
65. Montoro A, Fereres E, Lopez-Urrea R, Mañas F, López-Fuster P (2012) Sensitivity of trunk diameter fluctuations in Vitis vinifera L. Tempranillo and Cabernet Sauvignon cultivars. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 63, 85-93. doi:10.5344/ajev.2011.11010
66. Myburgh PA (2011) Response of Vitis vinifera cv. Merlot to low frequency irrigation and partial root zone drying in the WesternCape Coastal region-part II: Vegetative growth, yield and quality. South African Journal of Viticulture 32, 104-115.
67. North GB, Nobel PS (1991) Changes in hydraulic conductivity and anatomy caused by drying and rewetting roots of Agave deserti (Agavaceae). American Journal of Botany 78, 906-915. doi:10.2307/2445169
68. Ortuño MF, García Orellana Y, Conejero W, Ruiz-Sánchez MC, Mounzer O, Alarcón JJ, Torrecillas A (2006) Relationships between climatic variables and sap flow, stem water potential, and maximum daily trunk shrinkage in lemon trees. Plant and Soil 279, 229-242. doi:10.1007/s11104-005-1302-z
69. Pérez-Pérez JG, Dodd IC, Botía P (2012) Partial rootzone drying increases water use efficiency of lemon Fino 49 trees independently of root-To-shoot ABA signalling. Functional Plant Biology 39, 366-378. doi:10.1071/FP11269
70. Puértolas J, Alcobendas R, Alarcón JJ, DoddI C (2013) Long-distance abscisic acid signalling under different vertical soil moisture gradients depends on bulk root water potential and average soil water content in the root zone. Plant, Cell & Environment 36, 1465-1475. doi:10.1111/pce.12076
71. Quarrie SA, Whitford PN, Appleford NEJ, Wang TL, Cook SK, Henson IE, Loveys BR (1988) A monoclonal antibody to (S)-Abscisic acid: Its characterisation and use in a radioimmunoassay for measuring abscisic acid in crude extracts of cereal and lupin leaves. Planta 173, 330-339. doi:10.1007/BF00401020
72. Rodrigues MC, dos Santos TP, Rodrigues A, de Souza CR, Lopes CM, Maroco JP, Pereira JS, Chaves MM (2008) Hydraulic and chemicals signalling in the regulation of stomatal conductance and plant water use in field grapevines growing under deficit irrigation. Functional Plant Biology 35, 565-579. doi:10.1071/FP08004
73. Romero P, Martínez-Cutillas A (2012) The effects of partial root-zone irrigation and regulated deficit irrigation on the vegetative and reproductive development of field-grown Monastrell grapevines. Irrigation Science 30, 377-396. doi:10.1007/s00271-012-0347-z
74. Romero P, Dodd IC, Martínez-Cutillas A (2012) Contrasting physiological effects of partial root zone drying in field grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Monastrell) according to total soil water availability. Journal of Experimental Botany 63, 4071-4083. doi:10.1093/jxb/ers088
75. Rose S, Groves S, Bailey R (2001) Calibration of a capacitance sensor for soil water measurement. UK Irrigation 29, 17-19.
76. Sadras VO (2009) Does partial root-zone drying improve irrigation improve irrigation water productivity in the field? A meta-Analysis. Irrigation Science 27, 183-190. doi:10.1007/s00271-008-0141-0
77. Savic S, Liu F, Stikic R, Jacobsen SE, Jensen CR, Jovanovic Z (2009) Comparative effects of partial rootzone drying and deficit irrigation on growth and physiology of tomato plants. Archives of Biological Sciences 61, 801-810. doi:10.2298/ABS0904801S
78. Sepaskhah AR, Ahmadi SH (2010) A review on partial root-zone drying irrigation. International Journal of Plant Production 4, 241-258.
79. Shao GC, Zhang ZY, Liu N, Yu S, Xing WG (2008) Comparative effects of deficit irrigation (DI) and partial rootzone drying (PRD) on soil water distribution, water use, growth and yield in greenhouse grown hot pepper. Scientia Horticulturae 119, 11-16. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2008.07.001
80. Shao GC, Guo RQ, Liu N, Yu S, Xing W (2011) Photosynthetic, chlorophyll fluorescence and growth changes in hot pepper under deficit irrigation and partial root zone drying. African Journal of Agricultural Research 6, 4671-4679.
81. Smart DR, Carlisle E, Goebel M, Nuñez BA (2005) Transverse hydraulic redistribution by a grapevine. Plant, Cell & Environment 28, 157-166. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01254.x
82. Stoll M, Loveys B, Dry P (2000) Hormonal changes induced by partial rootzone drying of irrigated grapevine. Journal of Experimental Botany 51, 1627-1634. doi:10.1093/jexbot/51.350.1627
83. Sun Y, Yan F, Liu F (2013) Drying/rewetting cycles of the soil under alternate partial root-zone drying irrigation reduce carbon and nitrogen retention in the soil-plant systems of potato. Agricultural Water Management 128, 85-91. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2013.06.015
84. Tahi H, Wahbi S, Wakrim R, Aganchich B, Serraj R, Centritto M (2007) Water relations, photosynthesis, growth and water-use efficiency in tomato plants subjected to partial rootzone drying and regulated deficit irrigation. Plant Biosystems 141, 265-274. doi:10.1080/11263500 701401927
85. Talluto G, Farina V, Volpe G, Lo Bianco R (2008) Effects of partial rootzone drying and rootstock vigour on growth and fruit quality of 'Pink Lady' apple trees in Mediterranean environments. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59, 785-794. doi:10.1071/AR07458
86. Topcu S, Kirda C, Dasgan Y, Kaman H, Cetin M, Yazici A, Bacon MA (2007) Yield response and N-fertilizer recovery of tomato grown under deficit irrigation. European Journal of Agronomy 26, 64-70. doi:10.1016/j.eja.2006.08.004
87. Wang J, Kang S, Li F, Zhang F, Zhang J (2008) Effects of alternate partial root-zone drying on soil microorganism and maize growth. Plant and Soil 302, 45-52. doi:10.1007/s11104-007-9453-8
88. Wang H, Liu F, Andersen MN, Jensen CR (2009) Comparative effects of partial root-zone drying and deficit irrigation on nitrogen uptake in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L). Irrigation Science 27, 443-448. doi:10.1007/s00271-009-0159-y
89. Wang Y, Liu F, Andersen MN, Jensen CR (2010) Improved plant nitrogen nutrition contributes to higher water use efficiency in tomatoes under alternate partial root-zone irrigation. Functional Plant Biology 37, 175-182. doi:10.1071/FP09181
90. Wang Z, Kang S, Jensen CR, Liu F (2012) Alternate partial root-zone irrigation reduces bundle-sheath cell leakage to CO2 and enhances photosynthetic capacity in maize leaves. Journal of Experimental Botany 63, 1145-1153. doi:10.1093/jxb/err331
91. Wang Y, Liu F, Jensen CR (2012) Comparative effects of deficit irrigation and alternate partial root-zone irrigation on xylem pH, ABA and ionic concentrations in tomatoes. Journal of Experimental Botany 63, 1907-1917. doi:10.1093/jxb/err370
92. Wang Z, Liu F, Kang S, Jensen CR (2012) Alternate partial rootzone drying irrigation improves nitrogen nutrition in maize (Zea mays L) leaves. Environmental and Experimental Botany 75, 36-40. doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2011.08.015
93. Wang Y, Liu F, Jensen LS, Neergaard A, Jensen CR (2013) Alternate partial root-zone irrigation improves fertilizer-N use efficiency in tomatoes. Irrigation Science 31, 589-598. doi:10.1007/s00271-012-0335-3
94. Wilkinson S, Hartung W (2009) Food production: Reducing water consumption by manipulating long-distance chemical signalling in plants. Journal of Experimental Botany 60, 1885-1891. doi:10.1093/jxb/erp121
95. Wilkinson S, Kudoyarova GR, Veselov DS, Arkhipova TN, Davies WJ (2012) Plant hormone interactions: Innovative targets for crop breeding and management. Journal of Experimental Botany 63, 3499-3509. doi:10.1093/jxb/ers148
96. Yan F, Sun Y, Song F, Liu F (2012) Differential responses of stomatal morphology to partial root-zone drying and deficit irrigation in potato leaves under varied nitrogen rates. Scientia Horticulturae 145, 76-83. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2012.07.026
97. Yang Q, Zhang F, Li F, Liu X (2013) Hydraulic conductivity and water-use efficiency of young pear tree under alternate drip irrigation. Agricultural Water Management 119, 80-88. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2012.12.015
98. Zegbe JA, Behboudian MH, Clothier BE (2007) Reduced irrigation maintains photosynthesis, growth, yield, and fruit quality in Pacific Rose-Apple. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 30, 125-136. doi:10.1300/J064v30n02-11
99. Zweifel R, Item H, Häsler R (2001) Link between diurnal stem radius changes and tree water relations. Tree Physiology 21, 869-877. doi:10.1093/treephys/21.12-13.869