High cost burden and health consequences of antibiotic resistance: The price to pay

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries

Volumn 8, Issue 9, 2014, Pages 1096-1102

  Chandy, Sujith J ^a,b   Naik, Girish S ^b   Balaji, Veeraraghavan ^b   Jeyaseelan, Visalakshi ^b   Thomas, Kurien ^b   Lundborg, Cecilia Stålsby ^a  

^a KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

^b CHRISTIAN MEDICAL COLLEGE   (India)

Author keywords

Antibiotics; Antimicrobial resistance; Economic burden

Indexed keywords

CLOXACILLIN; PIPERACILLIN PLUS TAZOBACTAM; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT;

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; ARTICLE; BACTEREMIA; BLOOD CULTURE; DIABETES MELLITUS; DRUG COST; ESCHERICHIA COLI; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH STATUS; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; KIDNEY DISEASE; LENGTH OF STAY; LIVER DISEASE; MORTALITY; OBSERVATIONAL STUDY; SEPSIS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; ADULT; AGED; BACTERIAL INFECTIONS; COMPLICATION; ECONOMICS; FEMALE; HUMAN; INDIA; INTENSIVE CARE; MALE; MICROBIOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; SURVIVAL; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADULT; AGED; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; BACTERIAL INFECTIONS; DRUG RESISTANCE, BACTERIAL; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE COSTS; HUMANS; INDIA; INTENSIVE CARE; LENGTH OF STAY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; SEPSIS; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84907017727     PISSN: 20366590     EISSN: 19722680     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3855/jidc.4745     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Gagliotti C, Balode A, Baquero F, Degener J, Grundmann H, Gür D, Jarlier V, Kahlmeter G, Monen J, Monnet DL, Rossolini GM, Suetens C, Weist K, Heuer O; EARS-Net Participants(2011) Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus: bad news and good news from the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net, formerly EARSS), 2002 to 2009. Euro Surveill 16 (11): pii=19819.
2. Ho J, Tambyah PA, Paterson DL (2010) Multiresistant Gram-negative infections: a global perspective. Curr Opin Infect Dis 23: 546-553.
3. Mathai E, Chandy SJ, Thomas K, Antoniswamy B, Joseph I, Mathai M, Sorensen TL, Holloway K (2008) Antimicrobial resistance surveillance among commensal Eschericiacoli in rural and urban areas in Southern India. Trop Med Int Health 13: 41-45.
4. Kumarasamy KK, Toleman MA, Walsh TR, Bagaria J, Butt F, Balakrishnan R,Chaudhary U,Doumith M,Giske CG,Irfan S,Krishnan P,Kumar AV,Maharjan S,Mushtaq S,Noorie T,Paterson DL,Pearson A,Perry C,Pike R,Rao B,Ray U,Sarma JB,Sharma M,Sheridan E,Thirunarayan MA,Turton J,Upadhyay S,Warner M,Welfare W,Livermore DM, Woodford N (2010) Emergence of a new antibiotic resistance mechanism in India, Pakistan, and the UK: a molecular, biological, and epidemiological study. Lancet Infect Dis 10: 597-602.
5. Costelloe C, Metcalfe C, Lovering A, Mant D, Hay AD (2010) Effect of antibiotic prescribing in primary care on antimicrobial resistance in individual patients: systematic review and metanalysis. BMJ 340: c2096.
6. Goossens H, Ferech M, Vander Stichele R, Elseviers M; ESAC Project Group (2005) Outpatient antibiotic use in Europe and association with resistance: a cross-national database study. Lancet 365: 579-587.
7. Kumari Indira KS, Chandy SJ, Jeyaseelan L, Kumar R, Suresh S (2008) Antimicrobial prescription patterns for common acute infections in some rural and urban health facilities of India. Indian J Med Res 128: 165-171.
8. Karageorgopoulos DE, Falagas ME (2009) New antibiotics: optimal use in current clinical practice. Int J Antimicrob Agents 34 Suppl 4: 55-62.
9. Cameron A, Ewen M, Ross-Degnan D, Ball D, Laing R (2009) Medicine prices, availability, and affordability in 36 developing and middle-income countries: a secondary analysis. Lancet 373: 240-249.
10. Purohit BC (2004) Inter-state disparities in health care and financial burden on the poor in India. J Health Soc Policy 18: 37-60.
11. Varatharajan D, Thankappan R, Jayapalan S (2004) Assessing the performance of primary health centres under decentralized government in Kerala, India. Health Policy Plan 19: 41-51.
12. Shahrawat R, Rao KD (2012) Insured yet vulnerable: out-of-pocket payments and India's poor. Health Policy Plan 27: 213-221.
13. Christian Medical College Vellore (2011) Christian Medical College Vellore Year Book Supplement 2010 - 2011. Available: http://www.cmch-vellore.edu/pdf/CMCYear2011.pdf. Accessed 18 March 2013.
14. von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gotzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP; Strobe Initiative (2008) Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. J Clin Epidemiol 61: 344-349.
15. XE (2014) XE Currency Converter Exchange Rate. Available: http://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=USD&To=INR. Accessed 31 March 2014.
16. Biomerieux (2009) BacT/ALERT® 3D: Healthcare. Available: http://www.biomerieux-usa.com/servlet/srt/bio/usa/dynPage?doc=USA_PRD_LST_G_PRD_USA_6. Accessed 20 March 2013.
17. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2014) CLSI Standards Center. Wayne, USA: CLSI. Available: clsi.org/standards. Accessed 20 March 2013.
18. WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (2013) ATC/DDD Index. Oslo: WHO. Available: http://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index. Accessed 22 March 2013.
19. R Project (2011) The R Project for Statistical Computing. Available: http://www.r-project.org. Accessed 22 March 2013.
20. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Central Bureau of Health Intelligence (2012) National Health Profile of India 2012. Available: http://www.cbhidghs.nic.in/index2.asp?slid=1256&sublinkid=1163. Accessed 25 March 2013.
21. Chandy SJ, Thomas K, Mathai E, Antonisamy B, Holloway KA, Stalsby Lundborg C (2013)Patterns of antibiotic use in the community and challenges of antibiotic surveillance in a lower-middle income country setting: a repeated cross-sectional study in Vellore, India. J Antimicrob Chemother 68: 229-236.
22. Chandy SJ, Mathai E, Thomas K, Faruqui AR, Holloway K, Lundborg CS (2013) Antibiotic use and resistance: perceptions and ethical challenges among doctors, pharmacists and the public in Vellore, South India. Indian J Med Ethics 10: 20-27.
23. Government of India Ministry of Labour and Employment (2011) Second Annual Report to the People on Employment. Table 4.5: Average Daily Wage Rates (in Rs.) across different population groups and types of works. Available: www.dget.nic.in/publications/annualreportemployment2011.pdf. Accessed 25 March 2013.
24. Roberts RR, Hota B, Ahmad I, Scott RD, Foster SD, Abbasi F, Schabowski S, Kampe LM, Ciavarella GG, Supino M, Naples J, Cordell R, Levy SB, Weinstein RA (2009) Hospital and societal costs of antimicrobial-resistant infections in a Chicago teaching hospital: implications for antibiotic stewardship. Clin Infect Dis49:1175-1184.
25. Government of India Planning Commission (2011)Press Notes on Poverty Estimates 2011-2012. Available: http://planningcommission.nic.in/news/pre_pov2307.pdf. Accessed 26 August 2013.
26. Mauldin PD, Salgado CD, Hansen IS, Durup DT, Bosso JA (2010) Attributable hospital cost and length of stay associated with health care-associated infections caused by antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother54:109-115.
27. Lambert ML, Suetens C, Savey A, Palomar M, Hiesmayr M, Morales I Agodi A, Frank U, Mertens K, Schumacher M, Wolkewitz M (2011) Clinical outcomes of health-care-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance in patients admitted to European intensive-care units: a cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis 11: 30-38.
28. Hu B, Ye H, Xu Y, Ni Y, Hu Y, Yu Y, Huang Z, Ma L (2010) Clinical and economic outcomes associated with community-acquired intra-abdominal infections caused by extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria in China. Curr Med Res Opin 26: 1443-1449.
29. de Kraker ME, Davey PG, Grundmann H; BURDEN study group (2011) Mortality and hospital stay associated with resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteremia: estimating the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. PLoS Med 8:e1001104.