메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 397-405

Emerging drugs for diabetic macular edema

Author keywords

Aflibercept; Bevacizumab; Dexamethasone; Diabetic macular edema; Fluocinolone acetonide; Randomized clinical trial; Ranibizumab; Triamcinolone acetonide; VEGF

Indexed keywords

ANGIOGENESIS INHIBITOR; GLUCOCORTICOID; VASCULOTROPIN A;

EID: 84906806277     PISSN: 14728214     EISSN: 17447623     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1517/14728214.2014.938048     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (14)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 61349121337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy XXIII: The twenty-five-year incidence of macular edema in persons with type 1 diabetes
    • Klein R, Knudtson MD, Lee KE, et al. The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy XXIII: the twenty-five-year incidence of macular edema in persons with type 1 diabetes. Ophthalmology 2009;116:497-503
    • (2009) Ophthalmology , vol.116 , pp. 497-503
    • Klein, R.1    Knudtson, M.D.2    Lee, K.E.3
  • 3
    • 84862619470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in various ethnic groups: A worldwide perspective
    • Sivaprasad S, Gupta B, Crosby-Nwaobi R, Evans J. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in various ethnic groups: a worldwide perspective. Surv Ophthalmol 2012;57:347-70
    • (2012) Surv Ophthalmol , vol.57 , pp. 347-370
    • Sivaprasad, S.1    Gupta, B.2    Crosby-Nwaobi, R.3    Evans, J.4
  • 4
    • 77951703383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetic macular oedema: Physical, physiological and molecular factors contribute to this pathological process
    • Ehrlich R, Harris A, Ciulla TA, et al. Diabetic macular oedema: physical, physiological and molecular factors contribute to this pathological process. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh) 2010;88:279-91
    • (2010) Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh) , vol.88 , pp. 279-291
    • Ehrlich, R.1    Harris, A.2    Ciulla, T.A.3
  • 5
    • 0032080628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leukocyte-endothelial interaction is augmented by high glucose concentrations and hyperglycemia in a NF-kB-dependent fashion
    • Morigi M, Angioletti S, Imberti B, et al. Leukocyte-endothelial interaction is augmented by high glucose concentrations and hyperglycemia in a NF-kB-dependent fashion. J Clin Invest 1998;101:1905-15
    • (1998) J Clin Invest , vol.101 , pp. 1905-1915
    • Morigi, M.1    Angioletti, S.2    Imberti, B.3
  • 6
    • 20044376702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pathobiology of diabetic complications: A unifying mechanism
    • Brownlee M. The pathobiology of diabetic complications: a unifying mechanism. Diabetes 2005;54:1615-25
    • (2005) Diabetes , vol.54 , pp. 1615-1625
    • Brownlee, M.1
  • 7
    • 33747792741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of vascular endothelial growth factor in ocular angiogenesis
    • Shams N, Ianchulev T. Role of vascular endothelial growth factor in ocular angiogenesis. Ophthalmol Clin North Am 2006;19:335-44
    • (2006) Ophthalmol Clin North Am , vol.19 , pp. 335-344
    • Shams, N.1    Ianchulev, T.2
  • 8
    • 34648843667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Placental growth factor-1 and epithelial haemato-retinal barrier breakdown: Potential implication in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy
    • Miyamoto N, de Kozak Y, Jeanny JC, et al. Placental growth factor-1 and epithelial haemato-retinal barrier breakdown: potential implication in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetologia 2007;50:461-70
    • (2007) Diabetologia , vol.50 , pp. 461-470
    • Miyamoto, N.1    De Kozak, Y.2    Jeanny, J.C.3
  • 9
    • 0034043446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of hepatocyte growth factor-induced retinal endothelial cell migration and growth
    • Cai W, Rook SL, Jiang ZY, et al. Mechanisms of hepatocyte growth factor-induced retinal endothelial cell migration and growth. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2000;41:1885-93
    • (2000) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , vol.41 , pp. 1885-1893
    • Cai, W.1    Rook, S.L.2    Jiang, Z.Y.3
  • 10
    • 84865589092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema
    • Ding J, Wong TY. Current epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. Curr Diab Rep 2012;12:346-54
    • (2012) Curr Diab Rep , vol.12 , pp. 346-354
    • Ding, J.1    Wong, T.Y.2
  • 11
    • 84859030420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global prevalence and major risk factors of diabetic retinopathy
    • Yau JW, Rogers SL, Kawasaki R, et al. Global prevalence and major risk factors of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes Care 2012;35:556-64
    • (2012) Diabetes Care , vol.35 , pp. 556-564
    • Yau, J.W.1    Rogers, S.L.2    Kawasaki, R.3
  • 12
    • 80054878039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ten-year incidence of diabetic retinopathy and macular edema: Risk factors in a sample of people with type 1 diabetes
    • Romero-Aroca P, Baget-Bernaldiz M, Fernandez-Ballart J, et al. Ten-year incidence of diabetic retinopathy and macular edema: risk factors in a sample of people with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2011;94:126-32
    • (2011) Diabetes Res Clin Pract , vol.94 , pp. 126-132
    • Romero-Aroca, P.1    Baget-Bernaldiz, M.2    Fernandez-Ballart, J.3
  • 13
    • 0028896755 scopus 로고
    • The wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy XV: The long term incidence of macular edema
    • Klein R, Klein BEK, Moss SE, Cruickshanks KJ. The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy XV: the long term incidence of macular edema. Ophthalmology 1995;102:7-16
    • (1995) Ophthalmology , vol.102 , pp. 7-16
    • Klein, R.1    Klein, B.E.K.2    Moss, S.E.3    Cruickshanks, K.J.4
  • 14
    • 84857115824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of diabetic macular oedema and related health and social care resource use in England
    • Minassian DC, Owens DR, Reidy A. Prevalence of diabetic macular oedema and related health and social care resource use in England. Br J Ophthalmol 2012;96:346-9
    • (2012) Br J Ophthalmol , vol.96 , pp. 346-349
    • Minassian, D.C.1    Owens, D.R.2    Reidy, A.3
  • 15
    • 84894228476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Underuse of the health care system by persons with diabetes mellitus and diabetic macular edema in the United States
    • Bressler NM, Varma R, Doan QV, et al. Underuse of the health care system by persons with diabetes mellitus and diabetic macular edema in the United States. JAMA Ophthalmol 2014;132:168-73
    • (2014) JAMA Ophthalmol , vol.132 , pp. 168-173
    • Bressler, N.M.1    Varma, R.2    Doan, Q.V.3
  • 16
    • 0027370108 scopus 로고
    • The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Diabetes Control and Complication Trial Research Group
    • Diabetes Control and Complication Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1993;329:977-86
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.329 , pp. 977-986
  • 17
    • 0032511583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 33
    • UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group
    • UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 33. Lancet 1998;352:837-53
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , pp. 837-853
  • 18
    • 0022347471 scopus 로고
    • Photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema: Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study report number 1
    • Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group
    • Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema: early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study report number 1. Arch Ophthalmol 1985;103:1796-806
    • (1985) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.103 , pp. 1796-1806
  • 19
    • 84858327197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging pharmacotherapies for diabetic macular edema
    • Javey G, Schwartz SG, Flynn HW Jr. Emerging pharmacotherapies for diabetic macular edema. Exp Diabetes Res 2012;2012:548732
    • (2012) Exp Diabetes Res , vol.2012 , pp. 548732
    • Javey, G.1    Schwartz, S.G.2    Flynn Jr., H.W.3
  • 20
    • 21444439235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular endothelial growth factor and diabetic retinopathy: Role of oxidative stress
    • Caldwell RB, Bartoli M, Behzadian MA, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor and diabetic retinopathy: role of oxidative stress. Curr Drug Targets 2005;6:511-24
    • (2005) Curr Drug Targets , vol.6 , pp. 511-524
    • Caldwell, R.B.1    Bartoli, M.2    Behzadian, M.A.3
  • 21
    • 84863401792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema: Results from 2 phase III randomized trials: RISE and RIDE
    • Nguyen QD, Brown DM, Marcus DM, et al. Ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema: results from 2 phase III randomized trials: RISE and RIDE. Ophthalmology 2012;119:789-801
    • (2012) Ophthalmology , vol.119 , pp. 789-801
    • Nguyen, Q.D.1    Brown, D.M.2    Marcus, D.M.3
  • 22
    • 34748876124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase II randomized clinical trial of intravitreal bevacizumab for diabetic macular edema
    • Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network
    • Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network. A phase II randomized clinical trial of intravitreal bevacizumab for diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 2007;114:1860-7
    • (2007) Ophthalmology , vol.114 , pp. 1860-1867
  • 23
    • 77952889192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective randomized trial of intravitreal bevacizumab or laser therapy in the management of diabetic macular edema (BOLT study). 12-month data: Report 2
    • Michaelides M, Kaines A, Hamilton RD, et al. A prospective randomized trial of intravitreal bevacizumab or laser therapy in the management of diabetic macular edema (BOLT study). 12-month data: report 2. Ophthalmology 2010;117:1078-86
    • (2010) Ophthalmology , vol.117 , pp. 1078-1086
    • Michaelides, M.1    Kaines, A.2    Hamilton, R.D.3
  • 24
    • 84891631034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravitreal aflibercept for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: Ninety-six-week results of the VIEW studies
    • Schmidt-Erfuth U, Kaiser PK, Korobelnik JF, et al. Intravitreal aflibercept for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: ninety-six-week results of the VIEW studies. Ophthalmology 2014;121:193-201
    • (2014) Ophthalmology , vol.121 , pp. 193-201
    • Schmidt-Erfuth, U.1    Kaiser, P.K.2    Korobelnik, J.F.3
  • 25
    • 84891626905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravitreal aflibercept injection for macular edema resulting from central retinal vein occlusion: One-year results of the phase 3 GALILEO study
    • Korobelnik JF, Holz FG, Roider J, et al. Intravitreal aflibercept injection for macular edema resulting from central retinal vein occlusion: one-year results of the phase 3 GALILEO study. Ophthalmology 2014;121:202-8
    • (2014) Ophthalmology , vol.121 , pp. 202-208
    • Korobelnik, J.F.1    Holz, F.G.2    Roider, J.3
  • 26
    • 84864444516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One-year outcomes of the da vinci study of VEGF trap-eye in eyes with diabetic macular edema
    • Do DV, Nguyen QD, Boyer D, et al. One-year outcomes of the da Vinci Study of VEGF Trap-Eye in eyes with diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 2012;119:1658-65
    • (2012) Ophthalmology , vol.119 , pp. 1658-1665
    • Do, D.V.1    Nguyen, Q.D.2    Boyer, D.3
  • 28
    • 0031110584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of vascular endothelial growth factor by platelet-activating growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor is downregulated by corticosteroids
    • Nauck M, Roth M, Tamm M, et al. Induction of vascular endothelial growth factor by platelet-activating growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor is downregulated by corticosteroids. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1997;16:398-406
    • (1997) Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol , vol.16 , pp. 398-406
    • Nauck, M.1    Roth, M.2    Tamm, M.3
  • 29
    • 68149089755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluocinolone inhibits VEGF expression via glucocorticoid receptor in human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells and TNF-alpha-induced angiogenesis in chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM)
    • Ayalasomayajula SP, Ashton P, Kompella UB, et al. Fluocinolone inhibits VEGF expression via glucocorticoid receptor in human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells and TNF-alpha-induced angiogenesis in chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2009;25:97-103
    • (2009) J Ocul Pharmacol Ther , vol.25 , pp. 97-103
    • Ayalasomayajula, S.P.1    Ashton, P.2    Kompella, U.B.3
  • 30
    • 77955801287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differentiating intraocular glucocorticoids
    • Edelman JL. Differentiating intraocular glucocorticoids. Ophthalmologica 2010;224(Suppl 1):225-30
    • (2010) Ophthalmologica , vol.224 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 225-230
    • Edelman, J.L.1
  • 31
    • 62449171859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-year follow-up of a randomized trail comparing focal/grid photocoagulation and intravitreal triamcinolone for diabetic macular edema
    • Beck RW, Edwards AR, Aiello LP, et al. Three-year follow-up of a randomized trail comparing focal/grid photocoagulation and intravitreal triamcinolone for diabetic macular edema. Arch Ophthalmol 2009;127:245-51
    • (2009) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.127 , pp. 245-251
    • Beck, R.W.1    Edwards, A.R.2    Aiello, L.P.3
  • 32
    • 84906808901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide use in diabetic macular edema: Illustrative cases
    • Schwartz SG, Flynn HW Jr, Beer P. Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide use in diabetic macular edema: illustrative cases. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2010;1-6
    • (2010) Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging , pp. 1-6
    • Schwartz, S.G.1    Flynn Jr., H.W.2    Beer, P.3
  • 33
    • 80052857441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dexamethasone intravitreal implant in patients with macular edema related to branch or central retinal vein occlusion twelve-month study results
    • Haller JA, Bandello F, Belfort R Jr, et al. Dexamethasone intravitreal implant in patients with macular edema related to branch or central retinal vein occlusion twelve-month study results. Ophthalmology 2011;118:2453-60
    • (2011) Ophthalmology , vol.118 , pp. 2453-2460
    • Haller, J.A.1    Bandello, F.2    Belfort Jr., R.3
  • 34
    • 79952947252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dexamethasone intravitreal implant for noninfectious intermediate or posterior uveitis
    • Lowder C, Belfort R Jr, Lightman S, et al. Dexamethasone intravitreal implant for noninfectious intermediate or posterior uveitis. Arch Ophthalmol 2011;129:545-53
    • (2011) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.129 , pp. 545-553
    • Lowder, C.1    Belfort Jr., R.2    Lightman, S.3
  • 35
    • 77749330682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized controlled trial of an intravitreous drug delivery system in patients with diabetic macular edema
    • Haller JA, Kuppermann BD, Blumenkranz MS, et al. Randomized controlled trial of an intravitreous drug delivery system in patients with diabetic macular edema. Arch Ophthalmol 2010;128:289-96
    • (2010) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.128 , pp. 289-296
    • Haller, J.A.1    Kuppermann, B.D.2    Blumenkranz, M.S.3
  • 36
    • 79955558683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dexamethasone intravitreal implant for treatment of diabetic macular edema in vitrectomized patients
    • Boyer DS, Faber D, Gupta S, et al. Dexamethasone intravitreal implant for treatment of diabetic macular edema in vitrectomized patients. Retina 2011;31:915-23
    • (2011) Retina , vol.31 , pp. 915-923
    • Boyer, D.S.1    Faber, D.2    Gupta, S.3
  • 37
    • 79551679900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluocinolone acetonide implantable device for diabetic retinopathy
    • Schwartz SG, Flynn HW Jr. Fluocinolone acetonide implantable device for diabetic retinopathy. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2011;12:347-51
    • (2011) Curr Pharm Biotechnol , vol.12 , pp. 347-351
    • Schwartz, S.G.1    Flynn Jr., H.W.2
  • 38
    • 79961044911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant for diabetic macular edema: A 3-year multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial
    • Pearson PA, Comstock TL, Ip M, et al. Fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant for diabetic macular edema: a 3-year multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Ophthalmology 2011;118:1580-7
    • (2011) Ophthalmology , vol.118 , pp. 1580-1587
    • Pearson, P.A.1    Comstock, T.L.2    Ip, M.3
  • 39
    • 84906812302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endophthalmitis associated with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections
    • Schwartz SG, Flynn HW Jr. Endophthalmitis associated with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections. Curr Ophthalmol Rep 2014;2(1):1-5
    • (2014) Curr Ophthalmol Rep , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-5
    • Schwartz, S.G.1    Flynn Jr., H.W.2
  • 40
    • 84863329970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in antibiotic resistance patterns of conjunctival flora due to repeated use of topical antibiotics after intravitreal injection
    • Milder E, Vander J, Shah C, Garg S. Changes in antibiotic resistance patterns of conjunctival flora due to repeated use of topical antibiotics after intravitreal injection. Ophthalmology 2012;119:1420-4
    • (2012) Ophthalmology , vol.119 , pp. 1420-1424
    • Milder, E.1    Vander, J.2    Shah, C.3    Garg, S.4
  • 41
    • 84876257480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic resistance of ocular surface flora with repeated use of a topical antibiotic after intravitreal injection
    • Yin VT, Weisbrod DJ, Eng KT, et al. Antibiotic resistance of ocular surface flora with repeated use of a topical antibiotic after intravitreal injection. JAMA Ophthalmol 2013;131:456-61
    • (2013) JAMA Ophthalmol , vol.131 , pp. 456-461
    • Yin, V.T.1    Weisbrod, D.J.2    Eng, K.T.3
  • 42
    • 84906806780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravitreal corticosteroids in the management of diabetic macular edema
    • doi; 10.1007/s40135-013-0015-3
    • Schwartz SG, Flynn HW Jr, Scott IU. Intravitreal corticosteroids in the management of diabetic macular edema. Curr Ophthalmol Rep 2013;1(3): doi; 10.1007/s40135-013-0015-3
    • (2013) Curr Ophthalmol Rep , vol.1 , Issue.3
    • Schwartz, S.G.1    Flynn Jr., H.W.2    Scott, I.U.3
  • 43
    • 84898848163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Society of Retina Specialists. [Last accessed 11 April 2014]
    • American Society of Retina Specialists. Preferences and Trends Survey. 2012. Available from: http://www.asrs.org/content/documents/- 2012asrspatsurveyresults.pdf [Last accessed 11 April 2014]
    • (2012) Preferences and Trends Survey
  • 44
    • 84894084870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management paradigms for diabetic macular edema
    • Diabetic Macular Edema Treatment Guideline Working Group
    • Mitchell P, Wong TY; Diabetic Macular Edema Treatment Guideline Working Group. Management paradigms for diabetic macular edema. Am J Ophthalmol 2014;157:505-13
    • (2014) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.157 , pp. 505-513
    • Mitchell, P.1    Wong, T.Y.2
  • 45
    • 84892505273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness of diabetic macular edema
    • Pershing S, Enns EA, Matesic B, et al. Cost-effectiveness of diabetic macular edema. Ann Intern Med 2014;160:18-29
    • (2014) Ann Intern Med , vol.160 , pp. 18-29
    • Pershing, S.1    Enns, E.A.2    Matesic, B.3
  • 47
    • 79954520410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in ophthalmic drug delivery
    • Kompella UB, Kadam RS, Lee VH. Recent advances in ophthalmic drug delivery. Ther Deliv 2010;1:435-56
    • (2010) Ther Deliv , vol.1 , pp. 435-456
    • Kompella, U.B.1    Kadam, R.S.2    Lee, V.H.3
  • 48
    • 20144372969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic bevacizumab (Avastin) therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: Twelve-week results of an uncontrolled open-label clinical study
    • Michels S, Rosenfeld PJ, Puliafito CA, et al. Systemic bevacizumab (Avastin) therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: twelve-week results of an uncontrolled open-label clinical study. Ophthalmology 2005;112:1035-47
    • (2005) Ophthalmology , vol.112 , pp. 1035-1047
    • Michels, S.1    Rosenfeld, P.J.2    Puliafito, C.A.3
  • 49
    • 33747874091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase I trial of an IV-administered vascular endothelial growth factor trap for treatment in patients with choroidal neovascularization due to age-related macular degeneration
    • Nguyen QD, Shah SM, Hafiz G, et al. A phase I trial of an IV-administered vascular endothelial growth factor trap for treatment in patients with choroidal neovascularization due to age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology 2006;113:1522.e1-1522.e14
    • (2006) Ophthalmology , vol.113
    • Nguyen, Q.D.1    Shah, S.M.2    Hafiz, G.3
  • 50
  • 51
    • 84855305671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, dose-escalation study of subconjunctival and intravitreal injections of sirolimus in patients with diabetic macular edema
    • Dugel PU, Blumenkranz MS, Haller JA, et al. A randomized, dose-escalation study of subconjunctival and intravitreal injections of sirolimus in patients with diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 2012;119:124-31
    • (2012) Ophthalmology , vol.119 , pp. 124-131
    • Dugel, P.U.1    Blumenkranz, M.S.2    Haller, J.A.3
  • 52
    • 32944465175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravitreal injection versus sub-Tenon's infusion of triamcinolone acetonide for refractory diabetic macular edema: A randomized clinical trial
    • Bonini-Filho MA, Jorge R, Barbosa JC, et al. Intravitreal injection versus sub-Tenon's infusion of triamcinolone acetonide for refractory diabetic macular edema: a randomized clinical trial. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2005;46:3845-9
    • (2005) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , vol.46 , pp. 3845-3849
    • Bonini-Filho, M.A.1    Jorge, R.2    Barbosa, J.C.3
  • 53
    • 34249744774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of peribulbar triamcinolone acetonide with and without photocoagulation for mild diabetic macular edema: A pilot study
    • Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network
    • Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network. Chew E, Trauber S, et al. Randomized trial of peribulbar triamcinolone acetonide with and without photocoagulation for mild diabetic macular edema: a pilot study. Ophthalmology 2007;114:1190-6
    • (2007) Ophthalmology , vol.114 , pp. 1190-1196
    • Chew, E.1    Trauber, S.2
  • 55
    • 79958012399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase 2/3, multicenter, randomized, double-masked, 2-year trial of pegaptanib sodium for the treatment of diabetic macular edema
    • Sultan MB, Zhou D, Loftus J, et al. A phase 2/3, multicenter, randomized, double-masked, 2-year trial of pegaptanib sodium for the treatment of diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 2011;118:1107-18
    • (2011) Ophthalmology , vol.118 , pp. 1107-1118
    • Sultan, M.B.1    Zhou, D.2    Loftus, J.3
  • 56
    • 84864997151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enzymatic vitreolysis with ocriplasmin for vitreomacular traction and macular holes
    • Stalmans P, Benz MS, Gandorfer A, et al. Enzymatic vitreolysis with ocriplasmin for vitreomacular traction and macular holes. N Engl J Med 2012;367:606-15
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.367 , pp. 606-615
    • Stalmans, P.1    Benz, M.S.2    Gandorfer, A.3
  • 58
    • 0025128863 scopus 로고
    • Danazol: A synthetic steroid with diverse biologic effects
    • Dmowski WP. Danazol: a synthetic steroid with diverse biologic effects. J Reprod Med 1990;35(Suppl):69-74
    • (1990) J Reprod Med , vol.35 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 69-74
    • Dmowski, W.P.1
  • 59
    • 34848883882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of danazol on endothelial cell function and angiogenesis
    • Thomas GW, Rael LT, Shimonkevitz R, et al. Effects of danazol on endothelial cell function and angiogenesis. Fertil Steril 2007;88(4 Suppl):1065-70
    • (2007) Fertil Steril , vol.88 , Issue.4 SUPPL. , pp. 1065-1070
    • Thomas, G.W.1    Rael, L.T.2    Shimonkevitz, R.3
  • 61
    • 84896319888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of dextromethorphan on glial cell function: Proliferation, maturation, and protection from cytotoxic molecules
    • Lisak RP, Nedelkoska L, Bejamins JA. Effects of dextromethorphan on glial cell function: proliferation, maturation, and protection from cytotoxic molecules. Glia 2014;62:751-62
    • (2014) Glia , vol.62 , pp. 751-762
    • Lisak, R.P.1    Nedelkoska, L.2    Bejamins, J.A.3
  • 62
    • 84883174690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of vascular-endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibition on breast cancer vasculature and metastatic progression
    • Goel S, Gupta N, Walcott BP, et al. Effects of vascular-endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibition on breast cancer vasculature and metastatic progression. J Natl Cancer Inst 2013;105:1188-201
    • (2013) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.105 , pp. 1188-1201
    • Goel, S.1    Gupta, N.2    Walcott, B.P.3
  • 63
    • 67650616285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opposite roles of CCR2 and CX3CR1 macrophages in alkali-induced corneal neovascularization
    • Lu P, Li L, Liu G, et al. Opposite roles of CCR2 and CX3CR1 macrophages in alkali-induced corneal neovascularization. Cornea 2009;28:562-9
    • (2009) Cornea , vol.28 , pp. 562-569
    • Lu, P.1    Li, L.2    Liu, G.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.