The bridges of New Jersey: Portraits of garden state crossings

The Bridges of New Jersey: Portraits of Garden State Crossings

Volumn , Issue , 2005, Pages 1-179

  Richman, Steven M ^a  

^a The College of New Jersey   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84906637063     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (236)

1. A. G. Lichtenstein and Associates, Inc. September 1994, modified 2001. The New Jersey Historic Bridge Database. Prepared for New Jersey Department of Transportation.
2. A. G. Lichtenstein and Associates, Inc. September 1994, modified. November 1999. Contextual Study of New York State's Pre-1961 Bridges. Prepared for New York State Department of Transportation.
3. Agnew, Lorraine. 2003. "After Span of 74 Years, Bridge Is Still a Draw." Courier Post, 29 August.
4. Andariese, Walter. 1981. History of the Benjamin Franklin Bridge. Camden: Delaware River Port Authority.
5. Arcila, Martha Torres. 2002. Bridges. Mexico City: Atrium.
6. Avery, Ron. 2001. "The Ben Franklin Bridge-Opened July 1, 1926: One of Our Treasures." Metro, 20 June. Posted at http://www.pgwebconsulting. com/boating/pages/Ben-Franklin-Bridge.html (accessed 24 November 2003).
7. Bascove. 1998. Stone and Steel: Paintings and Writings Celebrating the Bridges of New York City. Boston: David R. Godine.
8. Bennett, David. 1999. The Creation of Bridges. London: Quintet Publishing, Inc.
9. Billington, David P. 1979. Robert Maillart's Bridges: The Art of Engineering. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
10. Billington, David P. 1985. The Tower and the Bridge. Princeton: Princeton, Princeton University Press.
11. Billington, David P. 2003. The Art of Structural Design: A Swiss Legacy. Princeton: Princeton University Art Museum.
12. Billington, David P., and F. Gottemoeller. 2000. "Bridge Aesthetics-Structural Art." In Bridge Engineering Handbook, edited by Wai-Fah Chen and Lian Duan. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press.
13. Boothby, Thomas E., et al. 1998. Stone Arch Bridge Inventory, Phase II. University Park: Pennsylvania State University. Report submitted to Hunterdon County Planning Board, Flemington, N.J.
14. Brown, David J. 2001. Bridges: Three Thousand Years of Defying Nature. St. Paul: MBI Publishing Co.
15. Browne, Lionel. 1996. Bridges: Masterpieces of Architecture. New York: Todtri Productions Limited.
16. Brydon, Norman F. 1971. Of Time, Fire, and the River: The Story of New Jersey's Covered Bridges. Rev. ed. Essex, N.J.: n.p.
17. Brydon, Norman F. 1974. The Passaic River: Past, Present, and Future. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
18. Bush, Laura. 2001. "Delaware Memorial Bridge Set to Turn 50." The Review 127, no. 48 (27 April).
19. Cassella, Richard M., and Julian Haas. 2003. The History and Technology of the Edison Bridge and Driscoll Bridge over the Raritan River, New Jersey. [Trenton]: New Jersey Department of Transportation.
20. Cawley, James, and Margaret Cawley. 1993. Exploring the Little Rivers of New Jersey. 4th ed. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
21. Chatterjee, Sukhen. 1991. The Design of Modern Steel Bridges. London: BSP Professional Books.
22. Chen, Wai-Fah, and Lian Duan, eds. 2000. Bridge Engineering Handbook. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press.
23. Collins, V. Lansing. 1946. Princeton: Past and Present. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
24. Condit, Carl W. 1960. American Building Art: The Nineteenth Century. New York: Oxford University Press.
25. Condit, Carl W. 1961. American Building Art: The Twentieth Century. New York: Oxford University Press.
26. Cunningham, John T. 1966. Newark. Newark: New Jersey Historical Society.
27. Cunningham, John T. 1966. New Jersey: America's Main Road. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday and Company.
28. Cunningham, John T. 1999. This Is New Jersey. 4th ed. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
29. D'Agnese, Joseph. 2000. "In Search of the Bridge of Hunterdon County." New York Times, sec. 14, p. 4, 25 June.
30. Dale, Frank T. 2003. Bridges over the Delaware River: A History of Crossings. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
31. Darnell, Victor C. 1984. Directory of American Bridge Building Companies 1840-1900. Washington, D.C.: Society for Industrial Archeology.
32. "David Fine, Engineer, Dies at 85." 1980. New York Times, sec. B, p. 15, 15 September.
33. Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission. 1995. General Information on the Non-Toll Bridges. N.p.
34. Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission. 1996. General Information on Toll Bridges. N.p. (See also http://www.drjtbc.com.).
35. DeLeuw, Cather and Company, and Engineering-Science, Inc. 1991. New Jersey Transit Railroad Bridge Survey. Prepared for New Jersey Transit, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection.
36. DeLony, Eric. 1992. Landmark American Bridges. Boston: Little Brown and Company.
37. Del Vecchio, Mike. 2001. Pictorial History of America's Railroads. Osceola, Wis.: MBI Publishing Company.
38. Doherty, C. H. 1969. Bridges. New York: Meredith Press.
39. Dorwart, Jeffrey. 2001. Camden County, New Jersey: The Making of a Metropolitan Community, 1626-2000. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
40. Driscoll v. Burlington-Bristol Bridge Co. 8 N.J. 433 (1952).
41. Dupré, Judith. 1997. Bridges: A History of the World's Most Famous and Important Spans. New York: Black Dog and Leventhal Publishers.
42. Encyclopedia of New Jersey. 2004. Edited by Maxine N. Lurie and Marc Mappen. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
43. Evans, Benjamin D., and June R. Evans. 2001. Pennsylvania's Covered Bridges. 2nd ed. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
44. Flint, Anthony. 1997. "Some Highlights in the History of Bridge Design." In Structural Engineering: History and Development, edited by R.J.W. Milne. London: E&FN Spon.
45. Freeland, Cynthia. 2001. But Is It Art? Oxford: Oxford University Press.
46. "Gen. Goethals Dies After Long Illness." 1928. New York Times, 22 January.
47. Gies, Joseph. 1963. Bridges and Men. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday and Company.
48. Gies, Joseph. 1966. Wonders of the Modern World: Thirteen Great Achievements of Modern Engineering. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company.
49. Gillespie, Angus Kress, and Michael Aaron Rockland. 1989. Looking for America on the New Jersey Turnpike. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
50. Gordon, J. E. 1978. Structures: Or Why Things Don't Fall Down. New York: Da Capo Press.
51. Gorenstein, Nathan. 1994. "Span Still Over Troubled Economic Waters." Philadelphia Inquirer, 1 February.
52. Gottemoeller, Frederick. 1998. Bridgescape: The Art of Designing Bridges. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
53. Graf, Bernhard. 2002. Bridges That Changed the World. Munich: Prestel.
54. Griggs, Francis E. Jr. 2003. "Niagara Cantilever." Journal of Bridge Engineering 8, no. 1 ( January-February): 2-11.
55. Harris, David W. 1999. Truss Fun. Lakewood, Colo.: BaHa Enterprises.
56. "Henry Balke, Bridge Builder, Dies." 1980. New York Times, 29 November.
57. Hewitt, Louise. 1916. Historic Trenton. Trenton: Smith Press.
58. Höcker, Christoph. 2000. Architecture: An Illustrated Overview. New York: Barron's Educational Services.
59. Hokanson, Drake. 1988. The Lincoln Highway: Main Street Across America. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press.
60. Holgate, Alan. 1986. The Art in Structural Design. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available online at http://home.vicnet.net.au/~aholgate/ structdes/taisd/-anchor.html (accessed 3 July 2003).
61. Hopkins, H. J. 1970. A Span of Bridges: An Illustrated History. New York: Praeger Publishers.
62. Jackson, Donald C. 1984. Great American Bridges and Dams. New York: John C. Wiley and Sons.
63. Jacobs, David, and Anthony E. Neville. 1968. Bridges, Canals & Tunnels. New York: American Heritage Publishing Company.
64. John A. Roebling: An Account at the Unveiling of a Monument to His Memory. 1908. N.p.: Roebling Press.
65. Johnson, Stephen, and Robert T. Leon. 2002. Encyclopedia of Bridges and Tunnels. New York: Checkmark Books.
66. Ketchum, Robert M. 1973. The Winter Soldiers. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday and Company.
67. Kirby, Richard Shelton, et al. [1956] 1990. Engineering in History. Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications.
68. Koughan, James. 1996. "The Collapse of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge: Evaluation of Competing Theories of Its Demise, and the Effects of Disaster on Succeeding Bridge Designs." University of Texas at Austin, Department of Mechanical Engineering. Undergraduate Engineering Review.
69. Lane, Wheaton J. 1939. From Indian Trail to Iron Horse: Travel and Transportation in New Jersey, 1620-1860. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
70. Leonhardt, Fritz. 1984. Bridges: Aesthetics and Design. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
71. Leonhardt, Fritz. 1997. "Reflections on 60 Years of Structural Development." In Structural Engineering: History and Development, edited by R.J.W. Milne. London: E&FN Spon.
72. Macaulay, David. 2000. Building Big. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. (See also http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig.).
73. McCullough, David. 1972. The Great Bridge: The Epic Story of the Building of the Brooklyn Bridge. New York: Simon and Schuster.
74. McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology. 1987. 6th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company.
75. Middleton, William D. 1999. Landmarks on the Iron Road. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.
76. Milne, R.J.W., ed. 1997. Structural Engineering: History and Development. London: E&FN Spon.
77. Mock, Elizabeth. 1949. The Architecture of Bridges. New York: Museum of Modern Art.
78. "Modjeski, Ralph." 2003. In Biography Resource Center. Farmington Hills, Mich.: Gale Group.
79. Myers, William Starr, ed. 1945. The Story of New Jersey. New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Company.
80. Mysak, Joe, and Judith Schiffer. 1997. Perpetual Motion: The Illustrated History of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. New York: General Publishing Group.
81. Newberry, Lida, ed. 1977. New Jersey: A Guide to Its Present and Past. 2nd rev. ed. New York: Hastings House.
82. Newhouse, Elizabeth L., ed. 1992. The Builders: Marvels of Engineering. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society.
83. New York Times. 1973. Abstract regarding Commodore Barry Bridge. 16 December.
84. Ochshorn, Jonathan. 2003. "Truss Systems in 20th-Century Architecture." In Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Architecture. New York: Fitzroy Dearborn. Online at http://people.cornell.edu/pages/jo24/comments/ truss.html (accessed 27 November 2003). Related articles on bridge materials by the same author can be found at this site.
85. Ostrow, Steven A. 1997. Bridges. New York: Michael Friedman Publishing Group.
86. Paine, Thomas. [1803] 1908. "The Construction of Iron Bridges." In The Life and Writings of Thomas Paine, ed. Daniel Edwin Wheeler. New York: Vincent Parke and Company. Online at http://socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca/~econ/ ugcm/3ll3/paine/volume10/236-248%20The%20Construction%20of%20Iron%20Bridges.rtf (accessed 25 January 2004).
87. Palladio, Andrea. [1570] 1997. The Four Books on Architecture, trans. Robert Tavenor and Richard Schofield. Cambridge, Mass., and London: MIT Press.
88. Petroski, Henry. 1985. To Engineer Is Human: The Role of Failure in Successful Design. New York: St. Martin's Press.
89. Petroski, Henry. 1995. Engineers of Dreams: Great Bridge Builders and the Spanning of America. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
90. Petroski, Henry. 1997. Invention by Design. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
91. Phoenix Bridge Company. 1885. Album of Designs of the Phoenix Bridge Company. . . . Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott. Online at http://bridges.lib. lehigh.edu/books/book1621.html (accessed 18 September 2003).
92. Plowden, David. 1974. Bridges: The Spans of North America. New York: Viking Press.
93. Pope, Thomas. 1811. A Treatise on Bridge Architecture. . . . New York: printed for the author by A. Niven. Online at http://bridges.lib.lehigh.edu/ books/book1601.html (accessed 27 November 2003).
94. Rastorfer, Darl. 2000. Six Bridges: The Legacy of Othmar H. Ammann. New Haven: Yale University Press.
95. "Reaching to the Crescent City: New Orleans Jazzes Up the Cantilever-Truss." 1984. Engineering News Record, 26 April.
96. Reddan, Frank A. "Longest of Its Kind in the World." Typescript, n.d. On file at the New Jersey State Library ( J388.1 R313).
97. Reier, Sharon. 1977. The Bridges of New York. Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications.
98. Reifer, Jodi Lee. 1999. "P.A. Still Considering Goethals Bridge Twin." Staten Island Advance, 19 October.
99. Roberts, Russell. 1995. Discover the Hidden New Jersey. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
100. Sayenga, Donald. 1983. Ellet and Roebling. York, Pa.: American Canal and Transportation Center.
101. Schodek, Daniel L. 1988. Landmarks in American Civil Engineering. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
102. Schuyler, Hamilton. [1931] 1978. The Roeblings: A Century of Engineers, Bridgebuilders, and Industrialists. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
103. "Secrets of the Master Builders: Creating the Impossible in Stone and Steel." 2003. Special issue of U.S. News and World Report.
104. Sev, Aysin. 2001. "Integrating Architecture and Structural Form in Tall Steel Building Design." CTBUH Review 1, no. 2 (February). Online at http://www.ctbuh.org/journal/iprev.htm.
105. Shank, William H. 1980. Historic Bridges of Pennsylvania. York, Pa.: American Canal and Transportation Center.
106. Shapiro, Mary J. 1983. A Picture History of the Brooklyn Bridge. New York: Dover Publications.
107. Shuman, Eleanore Nolan. 1958. The Trenton Story. Trenton: MacCrellish and Quigley Company.
108. Slaughter, Alan R. 2000. "The Preservation and Restoration of Georgian Court Bridge." Bridge Builder Magazine (March/April).
109. Sloane, Eric. [1954] 2002. American Barns and Covered Bridges. Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications.
110. Stansfield, Charles A. Jr. 1998. A Geography of New Jersey. 2nd ed. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
111. Steinman, David B. 1945. The Builders of the Bridge: The Story of John Roebling and His Son. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company.
112. Steinman, David B., and Sara Ruth Watson. 1941. Bridges and Their Builders. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
113. Sutherland, Cara A. 2003. Portraits of America: Bridges of New York City. New York: Barnes and Noble Publishing.
114. Talese, Gay. [1964] 2003. The Bridge. New York: Walker and Company.
115. "Thomas Pope's Flying Bridge: An Incident of Ancient History Revived." 1890. The Manufacturer and Builder: A Practical Journal of Industrial Design 22, no. 3 (March): 60. Online at Cornell University Library, Making of America. http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/moa/sgml/moa-idx? notisid=ABS1821-0022-160 (accessed 27 November 2003).
116. Tonias, Demetrios E. 1995. Bridge Engineering. New York: McGraw-Hill.
117. Viteri, Maria. 2002. "Beating the Learning Curve-Arches Are In." Masonry Magazine (September). Online at http://www.masonrymagazine. com/9-02/cover.html.
118. Waddell, J.A.L. 1884. The Designing of Ordinary Iron Highway Bridges. New York: J. Wiley. Online at http://bridges.lib.lehigh.edu/books/book2311.html (accessed 5 October 2003).
119. Walker, Edwin Robert, et al. 1929. A History of Trenton (1679-1929). Princeton: Princeton University Press.
120. Wells, Matthew. 2002. 30 Bridges. New York: Watson-Guptill Publications.
121. Whipple, Squire. 1869. Bridge-building. Albany, N.Y.: n.p. Online at http://bridges.lib.lehigh.edu/books/book2301.html(accessed 5 October 2003).
122. Whipple, Squire. 1899. An Elementary and Practical Treatise on Bridge Building. 2nd ed. rev. New York: Van Nostrand. Online at http://bridges.lib. lehigh.edu/books/book2351.html (accessed 5 October 2003).
123. Whitman, Walt. [1892] 1995. Specimen Days & Collect. New York: Dover Publications.
124. Whitney, Charles S. [1929] 2003. Bridges of the World: Their Design and Construction. Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications.
125. Wolfe, Uriah. 1996. "The Need for Aesthetics in Civil Engineering." Technical Communication Program, Department of Engineering Professional Development, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Undergraduate Engineering Review. Online at http://elvis.engr.wisc.edu/uer/uer96/author4/ content.hmtl (accessed 3 July 2003).
126. Woodward, Major E. M., and John F. Hageman. 1883. "Princeton." Chapter 42 of History of Burlington and Mercer Counties, New Jersey. Philadelphia: Everts and Peck. Online at http://www.rootsweb.com/~njmercer/Mun/ PrinTHis.htm (accessed 7 September 2003).
127. The WPA Guide to 1930s New Jersey. [1939] 1986. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
128. Zuchowski, Dave. 2003. "Covered Bridge Festival Rumbles into 33rd Year." Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 14 September. Online at http://www.pittsburghpostgazette.com/neigh-washington/20030914wabridge6.asp (accessed 2 October 2003).
129. American Bridge Company. http://www.americanbridge.net.
130. American Institute of Steel Construction. www.aisc.org.
131. American Society of Civil Engineers. "History and Heritage of Civil Engineering: Northampton Street Bridge." http://www.asce.org/history/brdg- northampton.html.
132. American Society of Civil Engineers. "Lehigh Valley History." http://sections.asce.org/lehigh/History.htm.
133. Anderson, Steve. New Jersey/New York crossings. www.nycroads.com.
134. Anderson, Steve. New Jersey/Pennsylvania crossings. www.phillyroads.com.
135. Barnicle, Don, and Paula Williams. "Touring the Lackawanna Cutoff." www.njskylands.com/hscutoff.htm.
136. Behl, Dan, et al. "The Tacony-Palmyra Bridge." Cited at www.phillyroads.com/crossings/tacony-palmyra (accessed 19 June 2003).
137. Bell, William Gardner. "James Madison Porter." U.S. Army, Center of Military History. http://www.army.mil/cmh-pg/books/sw-sa/PorterJM.htm (accessed 18 September 2003).
138. Besterfield, Glen H. "Annotated Links to Web Sites on Bascule Bridges." University of South Florida, College of Engineering. http://www.eng.usf.edu/~besterfi/bascule/links-to-web-sites-on-bascule-br.htm.
139. Billington, David P. 2002. Interview for the "Bridging New York" segment of Great Projects: The Building of America. www.pbs.org/greatprojects/interviews/billington-1.html (accessed 25 January 2004).
140. Branch Brook Park Alliance. http://www.branchbrookpark.org.
141. Brantacan. Private Web site "concerned with human constructions, " especially bridges. www.brantacan.co.uk.
142. Bridgeman. Private Web site with a bridge chronology and bridge dictionary. http://www.nireland.com/bridgeman.
143. BridgePros LLC. "BridgePros . . . Dedicated to the Engineering, History, and Construction of Bridges." http://bridgepros.com.
144. Burlington County Bridge Commission. www.bcbridges.org.
145. Burlington County Library System. "The County Bridges." www.burlco.lib.nj.us/county/history/bridges.html.
146. Butler, Howard Russell. "A Short History of Princeton's Rowing Facilities." www.princeton.edu/~crew/features/butler-papers.html.
147. Chesler, Caren. "NJ Transit Sees Future in the Past." http://flatrock.org.nz/topics/new-jersey/nj-transit-sees-future-in-past.htm.
148. Coulter, Douglas. "Iron Bridges." http://douglascoulter.com/ BridgeSigns/iron-bridges.html (accessed 5 October 2003).
149. Cridlebaugh, Bruce S. "Bridges and Tunnels of Allegheny County and Pittsburgh, Pa." http://pghbridges.com.
150. Delaware Department of Transportation. "Delaware's Historic Bridges." www.deldot.net/static/projects/archaeology/historic-pres/ delaware/bridge-book/bridge-toc.html (accessed 24 January 2004).
151. Delaware River and Bay Authority. www.drba.net.
152. Delaware River Port Authority. www.drpa.com.
153. Denenberg, David. "A Span for All Seasons." www.bridgemeister.com.
154. Drew, Thomas. 2000. "Engineered Art." Technical Communication Program, Department of Engineering Professional Development, University of Wisconsin-Madison. http://tc.engr.wisc.edu/Steuber/papers/2000/Bridge.doc (accessed 24 January 2004).
155. Easton, Pennsylvania. "A Brief History and Architectural Tour." http://easton-pa.com/History/HistoricEaston.htm (accessed 19 March 2000).
156. Elizabeth, New Jersey. "Goethals Bridge." http://www. elizabethnj.org/factsGoethalsBridge.htm (accessed 3 March 2000).
157. Fairfield University, Mathematics Department. "Geometry of Bridge Construction." www.faculty.fairfield.edu/jmac/rs/bridges.htm (accessed 25 January 2004).
158. Fekete, Tom. "The Ben Franklin Bridge and the Waterfront." http://www.maplecherry.org/bridge.html.
159. Fort Lee Online. "George Washington Bridge." http://www.fortleeonline.com/gwb (accessed 21 July 2003).
160. Gambardello, Joseph A. 2003. "Rare Bridges to the Past." Philadelphia Inquirer. www.philly.com/mld/inquirer/6505584.htm (posted 11 August 2003).
161. Garden State Model Railway Club, Inc. "The Great Lackawanna Cutoff-Then & Now." www.gsmrrclub.org/HISTORY/history5.html.
162. Garvin, James L. "History of the Depot or Meadow Bridge." http://www.shelburnenh.com/bridge.html (accessed 19 January 2004).
163. Gauvreau, Paul. "Bridge Aesthetics." University of Toronto, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering. www.ecf.utoronto.ca/apsc/courses/ civ356/bridge-aesthetics.htm (accessed 4 July 2003).
164. Gauvreau, Paul. "The Three Myths of Bridge Aesthetics." University of Toronto, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering. www.ecf.utoronto.ca/apsc/courses/civ356/3%20Myths%2002%2005%2023%202.pdf (accessed 24 January 2004).
165. Georgian Court University. "About Georgian Court." http://www.georgian.edu/aboutgcc/gould.htm (accessed 6 September 2003).
166. Gilgenbach, Cara, and Paul Gregor. "Erie Lackawanna Railroad Inventory: Historical Note." University of Akron Archival Services. http://www3.uakron.edu/archival/ErieLack/Hist.htm (accessed 9 September 2003).
167. Golia, Michael. "Geometry of Bridges." Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute. http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/2001/5/01.05.09.x.html (accessed 12 October 2003).
168. Graciano Corporation. "Georgian Court Bridge." http://www.graciano.com/georgian.htm (accessed 6 September 2003).
169. Green, Perry S. "Historic Bridge Home Page." University of Florida, Department of Civil and Coastal Engineering. www.ce.ufl.edu/~historic (accessed 19 March 2000).
170. Guest Services, Inc. "New Jersey's Great Northwest Skylands." http://www.njskylands.com.
171. Gupta, Ashok, and Sachin Dhir. "Internet Knowledge Base for Bridge Engineering." Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Department of Civil Engineering. http://www.ncst.ernet.in/vidyakash/online-content/webiit/bridge/ homepagedes.htm (accessed 21 December 2003).
172. Hardesty & Hanover LLP. http://hardesty-hanover.com (accessed 25 July 2004).
173. Historical Society of Delaware. "The Delaware Memorial Bridge." http://www.hsd.org/DHE/DHE-where-transport-DMB.htm (accessed 24 December 2003).
174. "Historical Timeline of Concrete." Auburn University. http://www.auburn.edu/academic/architecture/bsc/classes/bsc314/timeline/ timeline.htm (accessed 21 December 2003).
175. Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record. http://www.cr.nps.gov/habshaer.
176. Homasote Company. "About the Homasote Company-Company History." http://www.pakline.com/about/history.html (accessed 2 October 2003).
177. Hunterdon County, New Jersey. "Hunterdon County's Stone Arch Bridges." http://www.co.hunterdon.nj.us/stone (accessed 31 December 2003).
178. Hunterdon County, New Jersey. "Stockton Borough History." http://www.co.hunterdon.nj.us/mun/stockton/history.htm (accessed 30 November 2003).
179. iCivilEngineer. "Famous Engineers." www.icivilengineer.com/ Famous-Engineers.
180. Invention Factory. "John Roebling's Sons Co.: Online History Archive." http://www.inventionfactory.com/history/main.html.
181. Jayachandran, P. "Structural Engineering: A Historical Perspective." Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. cee.wpi.edu/ce1030-b02/structures/history.pdf (accessed 25 January 2004).
182. Jersey City Past and Present. "General Casimir Pulaski Memorial Skyway." New Jersey City University. www.njcu.edu/programs/jchistory/Pages/ P-Pages/Pulaski-Skyway.htm (accessed 23 January 2004).
183. "The King Bridge Company Museum." http://www.kingbridgecompany. com (accessed 13 January 2004).
184. Kingston Greenways Association. "Kingston: Crossroads to History 1675- ." www.kingstongreenways.org.history.html (accessed 6 July 2003).
185. Lake Carnegie Construction Photographs. Historical Photograph Collection, Department of Rare Books and Special Collections, Princeton University Library. http://libweb.princeton.edu/libraries/firestone/rbsc/finding-aids/carnegie.html (accessed 7 September 2003).
186. Lehigh University Libraries. "Digital Bridges: Bridges of the Nineteenth Century: A Twenty-first Century Book Collection." http://bridges.lib.lehigh.edu/index.html.
187. "Lenticular Truss Bridges" http://explorer.road.jp/bridges/ lenticulartruss/index-e.html (accessed 4 July 2003).
188. Lincoln Highway Association. "The Lincoln Highway in New York and New Jersey." www.lincolnhighwayassoc.org/info/ny-nj.
189. Lutenegger, Alan J., and Amy B. Cerato. "Lenticular Truss Bridges of Massachusetts." University of Massachusetts, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. http://www.ecs.umass.edu/cee/cee-web/bridge/1.html.
190. Maryland State Highway Administration. "Historic Highway Bridges in Maryland: 1631-1960." www.sha.state.md.us/keepingcurrent/ maintainRoadsBridges/bridges/OPPE/historicBridges/histbrpg0.asp (accessed 18 January 2004).
191. McCain, Roger A. "Green Sergeant's Covered Bridge." http://william-king.www.drexel.edu/top/bridge/CBGS.HTML (accessed 14 September 2003).
192. McElney, Brian. "The Primacy of Chinese Inventions." Bath Royal Literary and Scientific Institution. http://www.brlsi.org/proceed02/science017. htm (accessed 24 November 2003).
193. Mercer County, New Jersey. "Mercer County History-PRR Bridge." http://www.rootsweb.com/~njmercer/Site/PRRbridge.htm.
194. Morrissey, Michael. "How Bridges Work." HowStuffWorks, Inc. http://travel.howstuffworks.com/bridges.htm (accessed 25 January 2004).
195. Multnomah County, Oregon. "Multnomah County Bridges." http://www.multnomah.lib.or.us/bridge.
196. Musser, Josh. "Ironhorse Image Gallery." http://www.geocities. com/ironhorseusa2000.
197. Nadler, Jerrold. "Rebuilding the Port of New York." Five Borough Institute. http://www.fiveborough.org/5boroughreport/nadler-tunnel.html (accessed 2 October 2003).
198. Nansi, B. P. "Let Us Build Bridges." 2001. Project Monitor, Economic Research India Limited. http://www.projectsmonitor.com/detailnews.asp? newsid=3161 (posted 1 December 2001; accessed 21 December 2001).
199. National Concrete Bridge Council. "Concrete Advantage." http://www.nationalconcretebridge.org/advantage.html (accessed 25 November 2003).
200. National Museum of Science and Technology, Milan. "Leonardo da Vinci-Revolving Bridge." http://www.museoscienza.org/english/leonardo/ pontegirevole.html (accessed 23 November 2003).
201. National Register of Historic Places. www. nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com.
202. New Jersey Department of Transportation. www.state.nj.us/transportation.
203. New Jersey Historic Trust. "Georgian Court Bridge." www.njht.org.profiles/georgiancourt-bridge.html.
204. New Jersey Network. "Bridges" segment of Life 360. http://www.njn.net/television/specials/life360/themesbridges.html(accessed 19 July 2003).
205. New Jersey Society of Professional Engineers, Mercer County Chapter. "History." http://www.njspe.org/Mercer3.htm (accessed 2 October 2003).
206. Nicolas Janberg Internet Content Services. "Structurae." www.structurae.de.
207. Oliveto, Gerald. "Gerald's Railroads of New Jersey: Movable Railroad Bridges of New Jersey." www.geocities.com/transit383/bridges.html.
208. Outerbridge, Thomas. "The Infrastructure to Replace Fresh Kills." Letter to Staten Island Advance, 8 December 1999. Posted by City Green, Inc. http://www.citygreen.net/commentary.htm (accessed 2 October 2003).
209. "Pennsylvania's Historic Architecture and Archaelogy." www.arch.state.pa.us.
210. Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project. "Pennsylvania Railroad Delaware River Bridge." www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/pj- display.cfm/19840.
211. Polish American Cultural Center. "Ralph Modjeski (1861-1940)." http://www.polishamericancenter.org/Modjeski.htm (accessed 24 November 2003).
212. Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. http://www.panynj.gov.
213. Princeton Township. "1996 Princeton Community Master Plan: Historic Preservation Element." www.princetontwp.org/masterplan/mphistpres.html.
214. Princeton Township Historic Preservation Commission. "Historic Preservation in Princeton Township: A Brief History of Princeton." www.princetontwp.org/histofpt.html.
215. Public Archaeology Survey Team, Inc. "Connecticut's Historic Highway Bridges." http://www.past-inc.org/historic-bridges.
216. Public Broadcasting System, WGBH, Boston. 12 November 1997. NOVA. "Super Bridge." Transcript. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/ 2416bridge.html.
217. Public Broadcasting System, WGBH, Boston. 29 February 2000. NOVA. "Secrets of Lost Empires: China Bridge." Transcript. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/27fbchina.html (accessed 24 November 2003).
218. Raub, Janet. "Phillipsburg, New Jersey: Charter Jubilee." http://raub-and-more.com/pburgcharterjubilee/history.html (accessed 2 October 2003).
219. "The Remaining Covered Bridges of West Virginia." http://members.citynet.net/post (accessed 5 October 2003).
220. Rice University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. "The Bridges Project." http://128.42.22.5/scripts/bridges/front-end/ welcome.asp?opennew=2&images=1.
221. Ritter, Michael A. 1990. "Timber as a Bridge Material." Chapter 1 of Timber Bridges: Design, Construction, Inspection and Maintenance. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. www.fs.fed.us/na/wit/pdf/ timberbridgespub/WIT-02-0001.ch1.pdf (accessed 25 January 2004).
222. Smith, John D. "When Trains Had Names." www.njskylands.com/ hstrains.htm.
223. Smith, William. "Pons." 1875. Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities. www.ukans.edu/history/index/europe/ancient-rome/E/Roman/Texts/ Secondary/SMIGRA/Pons.html (accessed 25 January 2004).
224. "Streets of Camden, NJ" (Federal Street and State Street). Delaware Valley Rhythm & Blues Society, Inc. http://www.dvrbs.com/CandenNJ- Streets-FederalStreet.htmand-StateStreet.htm (accessed 11 January 2004).
225. Suyolcu, Yavuz. "New Bridge Design: Structural and Artistic Concepts." Middle East Technical University. http://vision1.eee.metu.edu. tr/~metafor/yazi/1125bridge.html (accessed 24 January 2004).
226. Taher, Rima. "The Art of Structural Bridge Design." American Society of Civil Engineers, North Jersey Branch. http://branches.asce.org/ northjersey/techgroups/Structural/The%20Art%20of%20Bridge%20Design.pdf (accessed 24 January 2004).
227. Taher, Rima. "Bridges: Structural Systems and Design, Fall 2002." New Jersey Institute of Technology. web.njit.edu/~taher/Bridges.pdf (accessed 25 January 2004).
228. Talese, Gay. 2002. Interview for the "Bridging New York" segment of Great Projects: The Building of America. www.pbs.org/greatprojects/ interviews/talese-1.html (accessed 25 January 2004).
229. Tennessee Department of Transportation. "A Brief History of Covered Bridges in Tennessee." www.tdot.state.tn.us/bridges/historybridges.htm.
230. "Uhlerstown Village and Rural Historic District." The Gombach Group. http://www.livingplaces.net/pa/bucks/historicdistricts/uhlerstown/ uhlerstownhistdist.html (accessed 30 November 2003).
231. University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology. "Bridges." http://www.umist.ac.uk/construction/intranet/teaching/ ue365/lectures/bridges.htm (accessed 5 October 2003).
232. Viau, Robert. "Vitruvius & Palladio." http://www.faculty. de.gcsu.edu/~rviau/ids/Artworks/neoclassical.html (accessed 22 November 2003).
233. Weird New Jersey. "Weird Wonders of NJ: The Paulinskill Viaduct, " www.weirdnj.com/-abandoned/paulinskill.html.
234. WHYY (Philadelphia). "Ben Franklin Bridge" segment of Secrets Beneath the Streets. http://www.whyy.org/tv12/secrets/bfb.html (accessed 24 November 2003).
235. Wortley Top Forge Industrial Museum. "Glossary of Iron Working Names and Terms." http://www.topforge.co.uk/Glossary.htm (accessed 25 November 2003).
236. WQED (Pittsburgh). "Pittsburgh History Series Teachers' Guide: Structure: Defying Gravity." http://www.wqed.org/erc/pghist/units/build/ structure1.shtml (accessed 21 July 2003).