Effects of fasting blood glucose levels and blood pressure and treatment of diabetes and hypertension on the incidence of cardiovascular disease: A study of 740 patients with incident Type 2 diabetes with up to 30 years' follow-up

Diabetic Medicine

Volumn 31, Issue 9, 2014, Pages 1055-1063

  Jansson, S P O ^a,b   Svardsudd K ^b   Andersson, D K G ^b  

^a ÖREBRO UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b UPPSALA UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIURETIC AGENT; GLUCOSE; INSULIN; METFORMIN; ORAL ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; SULFONYLUREA; ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; SULFONYLUREA DERIVATIVE;

ADULT; AGED; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE; BODY MASS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIABETIC PATIENT; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; DIET RESTRICTION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE REGISTRY; DIURETIC THERAPY; FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSE; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HAZARD RATIO; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPERTENSION; INCIDENCE; INSULIN TREATMENT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE; MEDICAL INFORMATION; MEDICAL RECORD; MULTICENTER STUDY; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; SWEDEN; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; BLOOD; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; METABOLISM; MIDDLE AGED; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; RISK; RISK FACTOR; SEX DIFFERENCE; STROKE; VERY ELDERLY;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS; BLOOD GLUCOSE; BLOOD PRESSURE; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; FASTING; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS; INCIDENCE; MALE; METFORMIN; MIDDLE AGED; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ODDS RATIO; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; RISK FACTORS; SEX FACTORS; STROKE; SULFONYLUREA COMPOUNDS; SWEDEN;

EID: 84906278432     PISSN: 07423071     EISSN: 14645491     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/dme.12514     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Solomon CG. Reducing cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 457-459.
2. Fox CS, Coady S, Sorlie PD, D'Agostino RB Sr, Pencina MJ, Vasan RS et al. Increasing cardiovascular disease burden due to diabetes mellitus: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 2007; 115: 1544-1550.
3. Hu G, Jousilahti P, Tuomilehto J. Joint effects of history of hypertension at baseline and type 2 diabetes at baseline and during follow-up on the risk of coronary heart disease. Eur Heart J 2007; 28: 3059-3066.
4. Mourad JJ, Le Jeune S. Blood pressure control, risk factors and cardiovascular prognosis in patients with diabetes: 30 years of progress. J Hypertens Suppl 2008; 26: S7-13.
5. Sehestedt T, Hansen TW, Li Y, Richart T, Boggia J, Kikuya M et al. Are blood pressure and diabetes additive or synergistic risk factors? Outcome in 8494 subjects randomly recruited from 10 populations. Hypertens Res 2011; 34: 714-721.
6. Sarwar N, Gao P, Seshasai SR, Gobin R, Kaptoge S, Di Angelantonio E et al. Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose concentration, and risk of vascular disease: a collaborative meta-analysis of 102 prospective studies. Lancet 2010; 375: 2215-2222.
7. Patel A, MacMahon S, Chalmers J, Neal B, Woodward M, Billot L et al. Effects of a fixed combination of perindopril and indapamide on macrovascular and microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the ADVANCE trial): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2007; 370: 829-840.
8. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment, risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Lancet 1998; 352: 837-853.
9. Gerstein HC, Miller ME, Byington RP, Goff DC Jr, Bigger JT, Buse JB et al. Effects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2008; 358: 2545-2559.
10. Patel A, MacMahon S, Chalmers J, Neal B, Billot L, Woodward M et al. Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2008; 358: 2560-2572.
11. Duckworth W, Abraira C, Moritz T, Reda D, Emanuele N, Reaven PD et al. Glucose control and vascular complications in veterans with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2009; 360: 129-139.
12. Ray KK, Seshasai SR, Wijesuriya S, Sivakumaran R, Nethercott S, Preiss D et al. Effect of intensive control of glucose on cardiovascular outcomes and death in patients with diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet 2009; 373: 1765-1772.
13. Turnbull FM, Abraira C, Anderson RJ, Byington RP, Chalmers JP, Duckworth WC et al. Intensive glucose control and macrovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2009; 52: 2288-2298.
14. Rao AD, Kuhadiya N, Reynolds K, Fonseca VA. Is the combination of sulfonylureas and metformin associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease or all-cause mortality?: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Diabetes Care 2008; 31: 1672-1678.
15. Johnson JA, Majumdar SR, Simpson SH, Toth EL. Decreased mortality associated with the use of metformin compared with sulfonylurea monotherapy in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2002; 25: 2244-2248.
16. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38. BMJ 1998; 317: 703-713.
17. Andersson DK, Lundblad E, Svardsudd K. A model for early diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus in primary health care. Diabet Med 1993; 10: 167-173.
18. Jansson SP, Andersson DK, Svardsudd K. Prevalence and incidence rate of diabetes mellitus in a Swedish community during 30 years of follow-up. Diabetologia 2007; 50: 703-710.
19. Holman RR, Paul SK, Bethel MA, Matthews DR, Neil HA. 10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2008; 359: 1577-1589.
20. Turnbull F, Neal B, Algert C, Chalmers J, Chapman N, Cutler J et al. Effects of different blood pressure-lowering regimens on major cardiovascular events in individuals with and without diabetes mellitus: results of prospectively designed overviews of randomized trials. Arch Intern Med 2005; 165: 1410-1419.
21. Cushman WC, Evans GW, Byington RP, Goff DC Jr, Grimm RH Jr, Cutler JA et al. Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 2010; 362: 1575-1585.
22. McBrien K, Rabi DM, Campbell N, Barnieh L, Clement F, Hemmelgarn BR et al. Intensive and Standard Blood Pressure Targets in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 2012; 172: 1296-303.
23. Stratton IM, Cull CA, Adler AI, Matthews DR, Neil HA, Holman RR. Additive effects of glycaemia and blood pressure exposure on risk of complications in type 2 diabetes: a prospective observational study (UKPDS 75). Diabetologia 2006; 49: 1761-1769.
24. Zoungas S, de Galan BE, Ninomiya T, Grobbee D, Hamet P, Heller S et al. Combined effects of routine blood pressure lowering and intensive glucose control on macrovascular and microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: New results from the ADVANCE trial. Diabetes Care 2009; 32: 2068-2074.
25. Avogaro A, Giorda C, Maggini M, Mannucci E, Raschetti R, Lombardo F et al. Incidence of coronary heart disease in type 2 diabetic men and women: impact of microvascular complications, treatment, and geographic location. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 1241-1247.
26. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, Dans T, Avezum A, Lanas F et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet 2004; 364: 937-952.
27. Jansson SP, Andersson DK, Svardsudd K. Mortality trends in subjects with and without diabetes during 33 years of follow-up. Diabetes Care 2010; 33: 551-556.
28. Ware JH, Hamel MB. Pragmatic trials-guides to better patient care? N Engl J Med 2011; 364: 1685-1687.
29. Sung J, Song YM, Ebrahim S, Lawlor DA. Fasting blood glucose and the risk of stroke and myocardial infarction. Circulation 2009; 119: 812-819.